Abstract
A new species, Dichoropetalum viarium (Apiaceae), is described from the Lorestan Province, Western Iran. The new species differs from D. paucijugum, D. aromaticum, and D. chryseum in the height, shape, diameter, and branching of the stem, shape of the terminal leaf lobes, shape of the bracteoles, shape and size of the mericarps, and shape of the stylopodium. In addition, D. viarium is recognized as a separate species by molecular analysis of nrITS.
References
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<p>Bilgili, B., Sağiroğlu, M., Şeker, M. & Duman, H. (2016) <em>Dichoropetalum alanyensis</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 40 (2): 201‒208. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1410-45</p>
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<p>Boissier, E. (1846) <em>Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium Novarum, Ser. 1, No. 7</em>. Genevae, Lipsiae & Parisiis, 130 pp.</p>
<p>Boissier, P.E. & Heldreich, T.H.H. von (1849) <em>Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum</em>. series 1, Lipsiae [Leipzig], 116 pp.</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. de (1829) <em>Collection de Mémoires pour Servir a l’Histoire de Regne Vegetal</em>, vol. 5. Chez Treuttel et Würtz, Paris, 84 pp.</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. de (1830) <em>Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 4. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 683 pp.</p>
<p>Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 32 (5): 1792–1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340</p>
<p>Ericson, P., Svennblad, B., Britton, T. & Oxelman, B. (2003) Reliability of Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap frequencies in phylogenetics. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 52: 665–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150390235485</p>
<p>Felsenstein, J. (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenetics: an approach using the bootstrap. <em>Evolution</em> 39: 783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x</p>
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<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series</em> 41: 95–98.</p>
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<p>Hilliard, O.M. & Burtt, B.L. (1985) <em>Conium</em> (Umbelliferae) in southern Africa. <em>South African Journal of Botany</em> 51 (6): 465‒474. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31629-5</p>
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<p>Kljuykov, E., Terentieva, E., Ukrainskaja, U. & Lyskov, D. (2019) Notes on the genus <em>Zeravschania</em> (Apiaceae) with description of two new species from Afghanistan and Iran. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 425 (3): 137–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.3.3</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C.V. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Meyer, C.A. von (1831) <em>Verzeichniss der Pflanzen, welche wahrend der in den jahren 1829 und 1830 Unternommenen reise im Caucasus und in den provinzen am westlichen ufer des Caspischen Meeres gefunden und eingesammelt worden sind. St. Petersbourg</em>. Kaiserliche Academie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, 241 pp.</p>
<p>Özbek, M.U., Arslan, M. & Özbek, F. (2016) <em>Dichoropetalum vuralii</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from Yenişarbademli (Isparta, south-western Turkey). <em>Phytotaxa</em>, 278 (2): 153‒162. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.278.2.5</p>
<p>Page, R.D.M. (1996) TREEVIEW: An application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. <em>Computer applications in the biosciences</em> 12: 357–358. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/12.4.357</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G. (1987) <em>Johreniopsis</em>. <em>In</em> Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, 162. Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Wien, pp. 454‒457.</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G., Kljuykov, E.V. & Ostroumova, T.A. (2007) Critical taxonomic analysis of <em>Dichoropetalum</em>, <em>Johrenia</em>, <em>Zeravschania</em> and related genera of Umbelliferae-Apioideae-Peucedaneae. <em>Willdenowia</em> 37 (2): 465‒502. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.37.37208</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G. & Kljuykov, E.V. (2011) Two new species and a new combination in Turkish <em>Dichoropetalum</em> (Apiaceae). <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 48: 337‒342. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0405</p>
<p>Rechinger, K.H. (1987) <em>Johrenia</em>. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, 162. Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Wien, pp. 374‒379.</p>
<p>Swofford, D.L. (2003) PAUP* <em>Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods), </em>version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, 142 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2018) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih (accessed 20 July 2021)</p>
<p>Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Samigullin, T.H. & Pimenov, M.G. (2002) Relationships among genera in Saniculoideae and selected Apioideae (Umbelliferae) inferred from nrITS sequences. <em>Taxon</em> 51: 91–101. https://doi.org/10.2307/1554966</p>
<p>Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Samigullin, T.H., Pimenov, M.G., Ghahremani-Nejad, F. & Mozaffarian, V. (2006) Molecular data (nrITS-sequencing) reveal relationships among Iranian endemic taxa of the Umbelliferae. <em>Feddes Repertorium: Zeitschrift für botanische Taxomonie und Geobotanik</em> 117 (5–6): 367‒388. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200611106</p>
<p>Ali, R.H., Bark, M., Miró, J. Muhammad, S.A., Sjöstrand, J., Zubair, S.M., Abbas, R.M. & Arvestad, L. (2017) VMCMC: a graphical and statistical analysis tool for Markov chain Monte Carlo traces. <em>BMC Bioinformatics</em> 18: 1‒8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1505-3</p>
<p>Banasiak, Ł., Piwczyński, M., Uliński, T., Downie, S.R., Watson, M.F., Shakya, B. & Spalik, K. (2013) Dispersal patterns in space and time: a case study of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. <em>Journal of Biogeography</em> 40 (7): 1324‒1335. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12071</p>
<p>Bilgili, B., Sağiroğlu, M., Şeker, M. & Duman, H. (2016) <em>Dichoropetalum alanyensis</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 40 (2): 201‒208. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1410-45</p>
<p>Boissier, P.E. (1844) Plantae Aucherianae. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Botanique</em> <em>Ser. 3</em>, 1: 297–349.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1846) <em>Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium Novarum, Ser. 1, No. 7</em>. Genevae, Lipsiae & Parisiis, 130 pp.</p>
<p>Boissier, P.E. & Heldreich, T.H.H. von (1849) <em>Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum</em>. series 1, Lipsiae [Leipzig], 116 pp.</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. de (1829) <em>Collection de Mémoires pour Servir a l’Histoire de Regne Vegetal</em>, vol. 5. Chez Treuttel et Würtz, Paris, 84 pp.</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. de (1830) <em>Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 4. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 683 pp.</p>
<p>Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 32 (5): 1792–1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340</p>
<p>Ericson, P., Svennblad, B., Britton, T. & Oxelman, B. (2003) Reliability of Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap frequencies in phylogenetics. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 52: 665–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150390235485</p>
<p>Felsenstein, J. (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenetics: an approach using the bootstrap. <em>Evolution</em> 39: 783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x</p>
<p>Fenzl, E. (1842) <em>Pugillus plantarum novarum Syriæ et Tauri occidentalis primus</em>. Vindobonae, Apud Fridericum Beck, Universitatis Bibliopolam, 20 pp.</p>
<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series</em> 41: 95–98.</p>
<p>Hand, R. (2011) The Euro+Med treatment of Apiaceae [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes 28]. <em>Willdenowia</em> 41: 245–250. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.41.41205</p>
<p>Hilliard, O.M. & Burtt, B.L. (1985) <em>Conium</em> (Umbelliferae) in southern Africa. <em>South African Journal of Botany</em> 51 (6): 465‒474. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31629-5</p>
<p>Kljuykov, E.V., Liu, M., Ostroumova, T.A., Pimenov, M.G., Tilney, P.M. & van Wyk, B.-E. (2004) Towards a standardized terminology for taxonomically important morphological characters in the Umbelliferae. <em>South African Journal of Botany</em> 70 (3): 488–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30233-7</p>
<p>Kljuykov, E.V., Ostroumova, T.A., Conti, F. & Tilney, P.M. (2015) <em>Dichoropetalum schottii</em>: examination of the type specimen, distribution and comparison with <em>D. carvifolium-chabraei</em> (Apiaceae). <em>Natural History Sciences</em> 2 (2): 131–136. https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.255</p>
<p>Kljuykov, E., Terentieva, E., Ukrainskaja, U. & Lyskov, D. (2019) Notes on the genus <em>Zeravschania</em> (Apiaceae) with description of two new species from Afghanistan and Iran. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 425 (3): 137–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.3.3</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C.V. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Meyer, C.A. von (1831) <em>Verzeichniss der Pflanzen, welche wahrend der in den jahren 1829 und 1830 Unternommenen reise im Caucasus und in den provinzen am westlichen ufer des Caspischen Meeres gefunden und eingesammelt worden sind. St. Petersbourg</em>. Kaiserliche Academie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, 241 pp.</p>
<p>Özbek, M.U., Arslan, M. & Özbek, F. (2016) <em>Dichoropetalum vuralii</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from Yenişarbademli (Isparta, south-western Turkey). <em>Phytotaxa</em>, 278 (2): 153‒162. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.278.2.5</p>
<p>Page, R.D.M. (1996) TREEVIEW: An application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. <em>Computer applications in the biosciences</em> 12: 357–358. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/12.4.357</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G. (1987) <em>Johreniopsis</em>. <em>In</em> Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, 162. Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Wien, pp. 454‒457.</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G., Kljuykov, E.V. & Ostroumova, T.A. (2007) Critical taxonomic analysis of <em>Dichoropetalum</em>, <em>Johrenia</em>, <em>Zeravschania</em> and related genera of Umbelliferae-Apioideae-Peucedaneae. <em>Willdenowia</em> 37 (2): 465‒502. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.37.37208</p>
<p>Pimenov, M.G. & Kljuykov, E.V. (2011) Two new species and a new combination in Turkish <em>Dichoropetalum</em> (Apiaceae). <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 48: 337‒342. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0405</p>
<p>Rechinger, K.H. (1987) <em>Johrenia</em>. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, 162. Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Wien, pp. 374‒379.</p>
<p>Swofford, D.L. (2003) PAUP* <em>Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods), </em>version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, 142 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2018) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih (accessed 20 July 2021)</p>
<p>Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Samigullin, T.H. & Pimenov, M.G. (2002) Relationships among genera in Saniculoideae and selected Apioideae (Umbelliferae) inferred from nrITS sequences. <em>Taxon</em> 51: 91–101. https://doi.org/10.2307/1554966</p>
<p>Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Samigullin, T.H., Pimenov, M.G., Ghahremani-Nejad, F. & Mozaffarian, V. (2006) Molecular data (nrITS-sequencing) reveal relationships among Iranian endemic taxa of the Umbelliferae. <em>Feddes Repertorium: Zeitschrift für botanische Taxomonie und Geobotanik</em> 117 (5–6): 367‒388. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200611106</p>