Abstract
Two new species, one in the genus Incendia, and one in Seiria, are illustrated and described here from mesophotic peyssonnelioid specimens collected in the Hawaiian Islands based on molecular and morphological analyses. Both genera are reported from Hawai‘i for the first time. Incendia lisianskiensis sp. nov. differs from the other nine described members of the genus by its lack of hair cells, by the perithallial filaments arising at a more or less 90º angle from the hypothallus, while Seiria mesophotica sp. nov. is distinguished from the only other described species, S. magnifusa, by its lack of obvious and well-developed perithallial cell fusions. With the description of these two species the total number of recognized Hawaiian members of the Peyssonneliales rises to nine. Previously recorded species included Peyssonnelia conchicola, P. inamoena, P. japonica, P. rubra, Ramicrusta hawaiiensis, R. lehuensis, and Sonderophycus copusii.
References
Ballantine, D.L., Ruíz, H., Lozada-Troche, C. & Norris, J.N. (2016) The genus Ramicrusta (Peyssonneliales, Rhodophyta) in the Caribbean Sea, including Ramicrusta bonairensis sp. nov. and Ramicrusta monensis sp. nov. Botanica Marina 59: 417–431. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2016-0086
DeSalle, R. & Goldstein, P. (2019) Review and interpretation of trends in DNA barcoding. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10: https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00302
Dixon, K.R. (2018) Peyssonneliales. In: Huisman, J.M. (Ed.) Algae of Australia. Marine benthic algae of north-western Australia. 2. Red algae. Canberra & Melbourne: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 208–244.
Dixon, K.R. & Saunders, G.W. (2013) DNA barcoding and phylogenetics of Ramicrusta and Incendia gen. nov., two early diverging lineages of the Peyssonneliaceae (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 52: 82–108. https://doi.org/10.2216/12-62.1
Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: a multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity. BMC Bioinformatics 5: 113.
Freshwater, D.W. & Rueness, J. (1994) Phylogenetic relationships of some European Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species, based on rbcL nucleotide sequence analysis. Phycologia 33: 187–194. https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-33-3-187.1
Gavio, B. & Fredericq, S. (2002) Grateloupia turuturu (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) is the correct name of the non-native species in the Atlantic known as Grateloupia doryphora. European Journal of Phycology 37: 349–359. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967026202003839
Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F. & Hall, B. (2003) MrBayes: a program for the Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Version 3.0 b4
Kang, J.C. & Kim, M.S. (2013) A novel species Symphyocladia glabra sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Korea based on morphological and molecular analyses. ALGAE 28: 149–160. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.2.149
Kato, A., Baba, M., Kawai, H. & Masuda, M. (2006) Reassessment of the little-known crustose red algal genus Polystrata (Gigartinales), based on morphology and SSU rDNA sequences. Journal of Phycology 42: 922–933. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2006.00238.x
Kim, M.S., Kim, S.Y. & Nelson, W. (2010) Symphyocladia lithophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new Korean red algal species based on morphology and rbcL sequences. Botanica Marina 53: 233–241. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2010.031
Krayesky, D.M., Norris, J.N., Gabrielson, P.W., Gabriel, D. & Fredericq, S. (2009) A new order of red algae based on the Peyssonneliaceae, with an evaluation of the ordinal classification of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 122: 364–391. https://doi.org/10.2988/08-43.1
Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. (2017) PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution 34: 772–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw260
Le Gall, L. & Saunders, G.W. (2010) DNA barcoding is a powerful tool to uncover algal diversity: a case study of the Phyllophoraceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in the Canadian flora. Journal of Phycology 46: 374–389. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00807.x
Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: 2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE). IEEE, New Orleans, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129
Pestana, E.M.S., Lyra, G.M., Santos, G.N., Santos, C.C., Cassano, V. & Nunes, J.M.C. (2020) Integrative approach reveals underestimated Peyssonneliales diversity in Brazil: registering the first occurrence of Ramicrusta and Incendia, with the description of three new species. Phytotaxa 439: 39–55. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.1.2
Pueschel, C.M. & Saunders, G.W. (2009) Ramicrusta textilis sp. nov. (Peyssonneliaceae, Rhodophyta), an anatomically complex Caribbean alga that overgrows corals. Phycologia 48: 480–491. https://doi.org/10.2216/09-04.1
Rambaut, A., Drummond, A.J., Xie, D., Baele, G. & Suchard, M.A. (2018) Posterior summarisation in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic Biology 67: 901–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy032
Saunders, G.W. & Moore, T.E. (2013) Refinements for the amplification and sequencing of red algal DNA barcode and RedToL phylogenetic markers: a summary of current primers, profiles and strategies. ALGAE 28: 31–43. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.031
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Spalding, H.L. & Kosaki, R.K. (2020) Biodiversity of Hawaiian Peyssonneliales (Rhodophyta). 2. Sonderophycus copusii, a new species from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ALGAE 35: 145–155. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2020.35.5.20
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Wade, R.M., Cabrera, F.P., Spalding, H.L. & Kosaki, R.K. (2021a). Biodiversity of Hawaiian Peyssonneliales (Rhodophyta). 1. Two new species in the genus Ramicrusta from Lehua Island. Pacific Science 75: 185–195. https://doi.org/10.2984/75.2.2
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Cabrera, F.P., Spalding, H.L., Hauk, B.B. & Kosaki, R.K. (2021b). Ethelia hawaiiensis (Etheliaceae, Rhodophyta), a new mesophotic marine alga from Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll), Papah?naumoku?kea Marine National Monument, Hawai?i. Pacific Science 75: 237–246. https://doi.org/10.2984/75.2.6
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Stecher, G., Tamura, K. & Kumar, S. (2020) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) for macOS. Molecular Biology and Evolution 37: 1237–1239. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz312
Zhang, D.R. & Zhou, J.H. (1981) Ramicrusta, a new genus of Peyssonneliaceae. Oceanologia Limnologia Sinica 12: 538–544.
DeSalle, R. & Goldstein, P. (2019) Review and interpretation of trends in DNA barcoding. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10: https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00302
Dixon, K.R. (2018) Peyssonneliales. In: Huisman, J.M. (Ed.) Algae of Australia. Marine benthic algae of north-western Australia. 2. Red algae. Canberra & Melbourne: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 208–244.
Dixon, K.R. & Saunders, G.W. (2013) DNA barcoding and phylogenetics of Ramicrusta and Incendia gen. nov., two early diverging lineages of the Peyssonneliaceae (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 52: 82–108. https://doi.org/10.2216/12-62.1
Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: a multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity. BMC Bioinformatics 5: 113.
Freshwater, D.W. & Rueness, J. (1994) Phylogenetic relationships of some European Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species, based on rbcL nucleotide sequence analysis. Phycologia 33: 187–194. https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-33-3-187.1
Gavio, B. & Fredericq, S. (2002) Grateloupia turuturu (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) is the correct name of the non-native species in the Atlantic known as Grateloupia doryphora. European Journal of Phycology 37: 349–359. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967026202003839
Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F. & Hall, B. (2003) MrBayes: a program for the Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Version 3.0 b4
Kang, J.C. & Kim, M.S. (2013) A novel species Symphyocladia glabra sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Korea based on morphological and molecular analyses. ALGAE 28: 149–160. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.2.149
Kato, A., Baba, M., Kawai, H. & Masuda, M. (2006) Reassessment of the little-known crustose red algal genus Polystrata (Gigartinales), based on morphology and SSU rDNA sequences. Journal of Phycology 42: 922–933. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2006.00238.x
Kim, M.S., Kim, S.Y. & Nelson, W. (2010) Symphyocladia lithophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new Korean red algal species based on morphology and rbcL sequences. Botanica Marina 53: 233–241. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2010.031
Krayesky, D.M., Norris, J.N., Gabrielson, P.W., Gabriel, D. & Fredericq, S. (2009) A new order of red algae based on the Peyssonneliaceae, with an evaluation of the ordinal classification of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 122: 364–391. https://doi.org/10.2988/08-43.1
Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. (2017) PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution 34: 772–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw260
Le Gall, L. & Saunders, G.W. (2010) DNA barcoding is a powerful tool to uncover algal diversity: a case study of the Phyllophoraceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in the Canadian flora. Journal of Phycology 46: 374–389. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00807.x
Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: 2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE). IEEE, New Orleans, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129
Pestana, E.M.S., Lyra, G.M., Santos, G.N., Santos, C.C., Cassano, V. & Nunes, J.M.C. (2020) Integrative approach reveals underestimated Peyssonneliales diversity in Brazil: registering the first occurrence of Ramicrusta and Incendia, with the description of three new species. Phytotaxa 439: 39–55. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.1.2
Pueschel, C.M. & Saunders, G.W. (2009) Ramicrusta textilis sp. nov. (Peyssonneliaceae, Rhodophyta), an anatomically complex Caribbean alga that overgrows corals. Phycologia 48: 480–491. https://doi.org/10.2216/09-04.1
Rambaut, A., Drummond, A.J., Xie, D., Baele, G. & Suchard, M.A. (2018) Posterior summarisation in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic Biology 67: 901–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy032
Saunders, G.W. & Moore, T.E. (2013) Refinements for the amplification and sequencing of red algal DNA barcode and RedToL phylogenetic markers: a summary of current primers, profiles and strategies. ALGAE 28: 31–43. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.031
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Spalding, H.L. & Kosaki, R.K. (2020) Biodiversity of Hawaiian Peyssonneliales (Rhodophyta). 2. Sonderophycus copusii, a new species from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ALGAE 35: 145–155. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2020.35.5.20
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Wade, R.M., Cabrera, F.P., Spalding, H.L. & Kosaki, R.K. (2021a). Biodiversity of Hawaiian Peyssonneliales (Rhodophyta). 1. Two new species in the genus Ramicrusta from Lehua Island. Pacific Science 75: 185–195. https://doi.org/10.2984/75.2.2
Sherwood, A.R., Paiano, M.O., Cabrera, F.P., Spalding, H.L., Hauk, B.B. & Kosaki, R.K. (2021b). Ethelia hawaiiensis (Etheliaceae, Rhodophyta), a new mesophotic marine alga from Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll), Papah?naumoku?kea Marine National Monument, Hawai?i. Pacific Science 75: 237–246. https://doi.org/10.2984/75.2.6
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Stecher, G., Tamura, K. & Kumar, S. (2020) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) for macOS. Molecular Biology and Evolution 37: 1237–1239. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz312
Zhang, D.R. & Zhou, J.H. (1981) Ramicrusta, a new genus of Peyssonneliaceae. Oceanologia Limnologia Sinica 12: 538–544.