Abstract
We here describe two new species Arachniodes libingii and A. vietnamensis (Dryopteridaceae) from southern China and central Vietnam, respectively. Our previous phylogenetic analysis found a close relationship between the two new species. Further morphological studies showed that the two species share short creeping rhizomes, blackish brown and lanceolate scales, papery laminae, aristate pinnules, dense scales along fronds, and entire indusia. However, A. libingii has deltoid-oblong laminae and apices abruptly acuminate-caudate, while A. vietnamensis has shortly ovate laminae and apices gradually acuminate.
References
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<p>Lu, N.T., Ebihara, A., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Knapp, R., Kamau, P., Lorence, D., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019a) A plastid phylogeny of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes </em>(Dryopteridaceae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 133: 214–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.013</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019b) <em>Arachniodes hehaii</em> (Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from Guizhou, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 392: 84–86. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.392.1.9</p>
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<p>PPG I. (2016) A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 54: 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229</p>
<p>Raddi, G. (1819) Synopsis filicum brasiliensium. <em>Opuscoli Scientifici d’una Società di Professori della Pontifical Università di Bologna</em> 3: 279–297.</p>
<p>Rosenstock, E. (1914) XXXV. Filices extremi orientis novae II. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</em> 13 (355–358): 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19140130902</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae, vol. 3</em>. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 578 pp.</p>
<p>Smith, J. (1875) <em>Historia Filicum</em>. Macmillan & Co., London, 429 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.54787</p>
<p>Tindale, M.D. (1961) Studies in Australian pteridophytes, No. 3. <em>Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium </em>3: 88–92.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated] <em>Index herbariorum</em>: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1933) The studies of Chinese ferns IX. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology</em> 4: 103–107.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1962) On the nomenclature of the compound-leaved polysticha. <em>Acta Botanica Sinica </em>10: 253–263.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1964) Notes on some confused species of<em> Arachniodes</em> Bl. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 9: 367–385.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1965) Some new nomenclatural combinations of ferns. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica </em>10: 301–304.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1986) Filices novae sinenses generis<em> Arachniodes</em> Bl. <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research</em> 6: 1–78.</p>
<p>Christensen, C.F.A. (1905) <em>Index Filicum</em>. Hagerup, Copenhagen, 744 pp.</p>
<p>Copeland, E.B. (1947) <em>Genera Filicum - The Genera of Ferns</em>. Chronica Botanica Co., Waltham, 247 pp.</p>
<p>He, H. (2004) A taxonomic study of the fern genus Arachniodes Blume (Dryopteridaceae) from China. <em>American Fern Journal </em>94: 163–182. https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444(2004)094[0163:ATSOTF]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>He, H., Wu, S.-G., Xiang, J.-Y. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) <em>Arachniodes</em> Blume.<em> In: </em>Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y., (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, Vols. 2–3. pp. 542–558.</p>
<p>Holttum, R.E. (1947) A revised classification of Leptosporangiate ferns. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany </em>53: 123–158. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1947.tb02554.x</p>
<p>Holttum, R.E. (1954) <em>A Revised Flora of Malaya.</em> Government Printing Office, Singapore, 653 pp.</p>
<p>Itô, H. (1925) Nuntia de Filicibus Japoniae (V). <em>Journal of Japanese Botany</em> 11: 573–583.</p>
<p>Itô, H. (1938) Polypodiaceae, Dryopteridoideae I.<em> In: Nova Flora Japonica 4.</em> Tokyo, Sanseido Co., pp. 118–121.</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2018) Three new species of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes</em> (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam. <em>Phytotaxa </em>376: 126–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.3.1</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Ebihara, A., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Knapp, R., Kamau, P., Lorence, D., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019a) A plastid phylogeny of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes </em>(Dryopteridaceae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 133: 214–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.013</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019b) <em>Arachniodes hehaii</em> (Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from Guizhou, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 392: 84–86. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.392.1.9</p>
<p>Morton, C.V. (1960) Observations on cultivated ferns VI–the ferns currently known as<em> Rumohra.</em> <em>American Fern Journal</em> 50: 145–155. https://doi.org/10.2307/1545259</p>
<p>Nguyen, P.L. (2020) <em>Study of the genus Arachniodes Blume (Dryopteridaceae) in Vietnam</em>. (Unpublished master’s thesis). VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.</p>
<p>Pham, H.H. (1999) <em>An illustrated flora of Vietnam</em>, vol. 1. Nha Xuat Ban Tre, Hanoi, 618 pp.</p>
<p>Phan, K.L. (2001) Psilotophyta, Equisetophyta and Polypodiophyta. <em>In:</em> Nguyen, T.B. (Ed.) <em>Checklist of plant species of Vietnam</em>, Vol. 1. Agriculture Publishing House, Hanoi, pp. 951–955.</p>
<p>Phan, K.L. (2010) The updated Checklist of the Fern Flora of Vietnam following the classification scheme of A. Smith <em>et al.</em> (2006). <em>Journal of Fairylake Botanical Garden</em> 9: 1–13.</p>
<p>PPG I. (2016) A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 54: 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229</p>
<p>Raddi, G. (1819) Synopsis filicum brasiliensium. <em>Opuscoli Scientifici d’una Società di Professori della Pontifical Università di Bologna</em> 3: 279–297.</p>
<p>Rosenstock, E. (1914) XXXV. Filices extremi orientis novae II. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</em> 13 (355–358): 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19140130902</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae, vol. 3</em>. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 578 pp.</p>
<p>Smith, J. (1875) <em>Historia Filicum</em>. Macmillan & Co., London, 429 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.54787</p>
<p>Tindale, M.D. (1961) Studies in Australian pteridophytes, No. 3. <em>Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium </em>3: 88–92.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated] <em>Index herbariorum</em>: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium.</p>