Abstract
Pyrrosia sarthalensis, belonging to the family Polypodiaceae from the Bani Valley of Kathua district, Himalayan Jammu & Kashmir, India is described here as a new species. It shows restricted distributional range and so far, is only known from the Bani Valley, within the Himalayan centre of endemism. It is an epiphytic fern species having brownish sori, formed only on the upper half of the frond. Other diagnostic features include grooved rhizomes, rhizome scales, lamina size and structure, sori placement, size and structure, and spore characters. This new species is morphologically similar to P. flocculosa but differs in certain characters.
References
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Ching, R.C. (1935) On the genus Pyrrosia Mirbel from the Mainland of Asia incl. Japan and Formosa. Bulletin of the Chinese Botanical Society 1: 36–72.
Ching, R.C. (1940) On the natural classification of the family Polypodiaceae. Sunyatsenia 5: 202–268.
Chowdhury, N.P. (1973) The Pteridophytic Flora of the Upper Gangetic Plain. Navayug Traders, New Delhi, India, 558 pp.
Clarke, C.B. & Baker, J.G. (1888) Supplementary Note on the Ferns of Northern India. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 24: 408–418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1888.tb01334.x
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Dixit, R.D. (1984) A Census of the Indian Pteridophytes, Flora of India, Series 4. Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, India, 177 pp.
Don, D. (1825) Prodromus Florae Nepalensis. J. Gale, London, 308 pp.
Farwell, O.A. (1931) The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 12. The University of Notre Dame, USA, 245 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/2420088
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. (2008) Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes with a Revised Census-List (A new picture of fern-taxonomy and nomenclature in the Indian subcontinent). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, 685 pp.
Giesenhagen, K.F.G. (1901) Die Farngattung Niphobolus. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 223 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15647
Hovenkamp, P.H. (1984) Some new names and combinations in Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae). Blumea 30 (1): 207–208.
Hovenkamp, P.H. (1986) A monograph of the fern genus Pyrrosia. Leiden University Press, Leiden.
Khullar, S.P. (1988) The ferns of West Himalaya: An enumeration as in the illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Himalayan Research & Development 7: 59–67.
Linné, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. L. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
Mehra, P.N. (1939) Ferns of Mussoorie. Panjab University (Lahore) Publications, 29 pp.
Mirbel, C.F.B. de (1802[1803]) Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux, Classés par Familles, t. 3. Crapelet, Paris, 588 pp.
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Rakotondrainibe, F. & Hovenkamp, P.H. (2012) A new species of Pyrrosia (Polypodiaceae) from Madagascar. Novon 22: 75–77. https://doi.org/10.3417/2010036
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Shing, K.H. (1983) A reclassification of the fern genus Pyrrosia. American Fern Journal 73 (3): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/1546853
Singh, B. (2021) Swertia patnitopiansis, a new species of Gentianaceae from north-western Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 498 (4): 273–280. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.498.4.5
Singh, B., Sultan, P. & Bedi, Y.S. (2018a) Juniperus chinensis L. (Cupressaceae): a new taxa record for Himalaya and extension of geographic distribution in south Asia. National Academy Science Letters-India 41 (1): 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-018-0610-9
Singh, B., Singh, S. & Singh, B. (2018b) New distribution records of the leopard plants Ligularia amplexicaulis DC. and Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. (Asteraceae) in the Indian Himalaya. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10 (13): 12854–12858. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.4005.10.13.12854-12858
Singh, B., Singh, V.N., Phukan, S.J., Sinha, B.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2012) Contribution to the pteridophytic flora of India: Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Meghalaya. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (12): 2277–2294. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2751.2277-94
Singh, H., Srivastava, A., Kumar, A., Sundaresan, V. & Husain, Tariq (2018) Thalictrum nainitalense (Ranunculaceae), a new species from the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. Folia Geobotanica 53: 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-018-9326-3
Shing, K.H. & Iwatsuki, K. (1997) On the fern genus Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae) in Asia and adjacent Oceania. The Journal of Japanese Botany 72: 19–35.
Smith, J.E. (1805) Exotic Botany. R. Taylor & Co., London, 119 pp. + 60 pl.
Swartz, O. (1801) Genera et Species Filicum. Journal für die Botanik [Schrader] 1800-2 (1–2): 1–136.
Tagawa, M. & Iwatsuki, K. (1967) New or interesting ferns from Thailand. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 22 (4–6): 97–103.
Thakur, S., Singh, B., Tashi, N. & Dutt, H.C. (2020) Neoconopodium paddarensis, a new species of Apiaceae from Jammu and Kashmir, Western Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 459 (4): 285–290. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.459.4.4
Thiers, B. (2019) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York botanical garden’s virtual herbarium database, New York. Available from: http://sweetgum. nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 11 October 2021)
Uffelen, G.A. & Hennipman, E (1985) The spores of Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae), a SEM study. Pollen et spores 27 (2): 155–198.
Bhellum, B.L. & Singh, B. (2016) A new species of Laportea Gaudich. (Urticaceae) from Himalaya, India. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 23 (2): 189–194. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v23i2.30849
Blume, C.L. (1856) Museum Botanicum Vol. 2. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 256 pp.
Chandra, P. (1964) A new species of Pyrrosia from India. American Fern Journal 54 (2): 62–67. https://doi.org/10.2307/1547034
Chandra, S. (2000) The Ferns of India-Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution. International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun, India, 459 pp.
Ching, R.C. (1935) On the genus Pyrrosia Mirbel from the Mainland of Asia incl. Japan and Formosa. Bulletin of the Chinese Botanical Society 1: 36–72.
Ching, R.C. (1940) On the natural classification of the family Polypodiaceae. Sunyatsenia 5: 202–268.
Chowdhury, N.P. (1973) The Pteridophytic Flora of the Upper Gangetic Plain. Navayug Traders, New Delhi, India, 558 pp.
Clarke, C.B. & Baker, J.G. (1888) Supplementary Note on the Ferns of Northern India. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 24: 408–418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1888.tb01334.x
Clarke, C.B. (1879) Ferns of north India. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 17: 402–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1879.tb00449.x
Dixit, R.D. (1984) A Census of the Indian Pteridophytes, Flora of India, Series 4. Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, India, 177 pp.
Don, D. (1825) Prodromus Florae Nepalensis. J. Gale, London, 308 pp.
Farwell, O.A. (1931) The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 12. The University of Notre Dame, USA, 245 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/2420088
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. (2008) Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes with a Revised Census-List (A new picture of fern-taxonomy and nomenclature in the Indian subcontinent). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, 685 pp.
Giesenhagen, K.F.G. (1901) Die Farngattung Niphobolus. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 223 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15647
Hovenkamp, P.H. (1984) Some new names and combinations in Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae). Blumea 30 (1): 207–208.
Hovenkamp, P.H. (1986) A monograph of the fern genus Pyrrosia. Leiden University Press, Leiden.
Khullar, S.P. (1988) The ferns of West Himalaya: An enumeration as in the illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Himalayan Research & Development 7: 59–67.
Linné, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. L. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
Mehra, P.N. (1939) Ferns of Mussoorie. Panjab University (Lahore) Publications, 29 pp.
Mirbel, C.F.B. de (1802[1803]) Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux, Classés par Familles, t. 3. Crapelet, Paris, 588 pp.
Nayar, B.K. & Chandra, S. (1966) Morphological series within the genus Pyrrosia, and their phylogenetic interpretation. Canadian Journal of Botany 45 (5): 615–634. https://doi.org/10.1139/b67-068
Pande, P.C. (1990) A census of Kumaun Ferns (North-Western Himalaya). Indian Fern Journal 7: 140–195.
POWO (2021) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 11 October 2021)
Presl, C. (1836) Tentamen Pteridographiae. T. Haase fils., Prague, 523 pp.
Presl, J. & Presl, C. (1822) Deliciae Pragenses, Vol. 1. Calve, Prague, 244 pp.
Rakotondrainibe, F. & Hovenkamp, P.H. (2012) A new species of Pyrrosia (Polypodiaceae) from Madagascar. Novon 22: 75–77. https://doi.org/10.3417/2010036
Satija, C.K., Bir, S.S. & Bhardwaj, A.K. (1983) Taxonomic revisions of the polypodiaceous genera of India Pyrrosia Mirbel. Bulletin of Botanical Survey of India 25 (1–4): 62–89.
Sharma, P., Samant, S.S. & Lal, M. (2017) Assessment of plant diversity for threat elements: A case study of Nargu wildlife sanctuary, north-western Himalaya. Ceylon Journal of Science 46 (1): 75–95. https://doi.org/10.4038/cjs.v46i1.7420
Shing, K.H. (1983) A reclassification of the fern genus Pyrrosia. American Fern Journal 73 (3): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/1546853
Singh, B. (2021) Swertia patnitopiansis, a new species of Gentianaceae from north-western Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 498 (4): 273–280. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.498.4.5
Singh, B., Sultan, P. & Bedi, Y.S. (2018a) Juniperus chinensis L. (Cupressaceae): a new taxa record for Himalaya and extension of geographic distribution in south Asia. National Academy Science Letters-India 41 (1): 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-018-0610-9
Singh, B., Singh, S. & Singh, B. (2018b) New distribution records of the leopard plants Ligularia amplexicaulis DC. and Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. (Asteraceae) in the Indian Himalaya. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10 (13): 12854–12858. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.4005.10.13.12854-12858
Singh, B., Singh, V.N., Phukan, S.J., Sinha, B.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2012) Contribution to the pteridophytic flora of India: Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Meghalaya. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (12): 2277–2294. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2751.2277-94
Singh, H., Srivastava, A., Kumar, A., Sundaresan, V. & Husain, Tariq (2018) Thalictrum nainitalense (Ranunculaceae), a new species from the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. Folia Geobotanica 53: 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-018-9326-3
Shing, K.H. & Iwatsuki, K. (1997) On the fern genus Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae) in Asia and adjacent Oceania. The Journal of Japanese Botany 72: 19–35.
Smith, J.E. (1805) Exotic Botany. R. Taylor & Co., London, 119 pp. + 60 pl.
Swartz, O. (1801) Genera et Species Filicum. Journal für die Botanik [Schrader] 1800-2 (1–2): 1–136.
Tagawa, M. & Iwatsuki, K. (1967) New or interesting ferns from Thailand. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 22 (4–6): 97–103.
Thakur, S., Singh, B., Tashi, N. & Dutt, H.C. (2020) Neoconopodium paddarensis, a new species of Apiaceae from Jammu and Kashmir, Western Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 459 (4): 285–290. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.459.4.4
Thiers, B. (2019) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York botanical garden’s virtual herbarium database, New York. Available from: http://sweetgum. nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 11 October 2021)
Uffelen, G.A. & Hennipman, E (1985) The spores of Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae), a SEM study. Pollen et spores 27 (2): 155–198.