Abstract
A new species of Dichaea sect. Dichaea from the Andean forests in Colombia is described and illustrated based on living material. Dichaea andina is compared with the morphologically similar D. lagotis and D. pendula, from which it can be distinguished by a number of vegetative and floral and features. Dichaea andina differs from D. lagotis in the broadly anchoriform lip, the hypochile transversely subrounded and the epichile transversely narrowly elliptic, briefly apiculate. Similarly, it differs from D. pendula in the caespitose habit, the leaves without cross-venation, and the inflorescence straight produced below the foliage, among other features. Ecological information for the new species is also provided.
References
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<p>Neubig, K.M. (2005) <em>Molecular Systematics of the Genus Dichaea (Zygopetalinae: Orchidaceae)</em>. Master thesis, University of Florida, USA, 80 pp.</p>
<p>Neubig, K.M., Williams, N.H., Whitten, W.M. & Pupulin, F. (2009) Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of fruit and leaf morphology of <em>Dichaea</em> (Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae). <em>Annals of Botany</em> 104: 457–467. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp004</p>
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<p>Pupulin, F., Pridgeon, A.M., Veitch, N.C., Grayer, R.J. & Blanco, M. (2009) Subtribe Zygopetalinae. I<em>n: </em>Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (Eds.) <em>Epidendroideae of Genera Orchidacearum</em> (Part 2, V. 5). Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 456–546.</p>
<p>Pupulin, F. (2019) Zygopetalinae Novae et Criticae (Orchidaceae). <em>Harvard Papers in Botany,</em> 24: 291–339. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v24iss2.2019.n16</p>
<p>Pupulin, F. & Karremans, A.P. (2020) A new and unusual species of <em>Dichaea </em>(Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae) from Costa Rica. <em>Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants</em> 65: 61–64. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2020.65.01.06</p>
<p>Reichenbach, H.G. (1876) <em>Dichaea lagotis</em>. <em>Linnaea</em> 41: 112.</p>
<p>Armenteras, D., Cadena, V.C. & Moreno, R.P. (2007) <em>Evaluación del estado de los bosques de niebla y de la meta 2010 en Colombia.</em> Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, 72 pp.</p>
<p>Aublet, J.B.C.F. (1775) <em>Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Françoise 2</em>. Catalogue des libres nouveaux, Paris.</p>
<p>Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (2015) <em>Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia.</em> Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Available from: http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co/es/ (accessed 10 January 2021)</p>
<p>Betancur, J., Sarmiento, H., Toro-González, L. & Valencia, J. (2015) <em>Plan para el estudio y la conservación de las orquídeas en Colombia</em>. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 336 pp.</p>
<p>Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 177: 151–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234</p>
<p>Cogniaux, A. (1903) <em>Dichaea</em> Lindl. <em>Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae Occidentalis</em> 4: 182–183.</p>
<p>Cogniaux, A. (1906) Orchidaceae III, <em>Dichaea. In:</em> Martius, C.F.P., Eichler, A.G. & Urban, I. (eds.) <em>Flora Brasiliensis.</em> Fleischer, Munich, pp. 484–504.</p>
<p>Davies, K.L. & Stpiczyńska, M. (2008) Labellar micromorphology of two euglossine-pollinated orchid genera; <em>Scuticaria</em> Lindl. and <em>Dichaea</em> Lindl. <em>Annals of Botany</em> 102: 805–824. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcn155</p>
<p>Dodson, C.H. (1989) <em>Icones Plantarum Tropicarum: Series II</em>. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp. 1–404.</p>
<p>Dodson, C.H. (1992) <em>Checklist of the Orchids of the Western Hemisphere</em>. Draft manuscript deposited in Missouri Botanical Garden Library, St. Louis.</p>
<p>Dodson, C.H. & Escobar, R. (1993) <em>Dichaea </em>Lindley. <em>In:</em> Dodson, C.H. & Escobar, R. (Eds.) <em>Native Ecuadorian Orchids</em> (V. 1) <em>Aa-Dracula</em>. Compañía Litográfica Nacional S.A., Medellín, pp. 176–186.</p>
<p>Dodson, C.H. (2004) Ecuador orchid list. <em>In:</em> Dodson, C.H. (Ed.) <em>Native Ecuadorian Orchids </em>(V. 5) <em>Rodriguezia-Zygosepalum. </em>Dodson Publishing, Sarasota, pp. 1112‒1156.</p>
<p>Dodson, C.H. & Luer, C.A. (2010) <em>Flora of Ecuador </em>(225). Botanical Institute, University of Göteborg, Stockholm, 438 pp.</p>
<p>Folsom, J.P. (1987) <em>A systematic monograph of Dichaea section Dichaea (Orchidaceae).</em> PhD thesis, Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, 266 pp.</p>
<p>Folsom, J.P. (1990)<em> Dichaea</em> Lindl. <em>In:</em> Escobar, R. (Ed.) <em>Orquídeas Nativas de Colombia</em> (1) <em>Acacallis-Dryadella</em>. Sociedad Colombiana de Orquideología, Compañía Litográfica Nacional S.A., Medellín, pp. 112‒115.</p>
<p>Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas-Posada, R. & Merello, M. (2011) <em>Flora de Antioquia</em>. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 939 pp.</p>
<p>Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (1999) <em>Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador</em> (V. 75). Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, 1182 pp.</p>
<p>Kuntze, C.E.O. (1904) <em>Dichaea</em>. <em>In:</em> von Post, T.E. (Ed.) <em>Lexicon Generum Phanerogamarum</em>. Stuttgart, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 171 pp.</p>
<p>Lindley, J. (1833) <em>Dichaea</em>. <em>The genera and species of Orchidaceous plants</em>. Ridgways, London.</p>
<p>Neubig, K.M. (2005) <em>Molecular Systematics of the Genus Dichaea (Zygopetalinae: Orchidaceae)</em>. Master thesis, University of Florida, USA, 80 pp.</p>
<p>Neubig, K.M., Williams, N.H., Whitten, W.M. & Pupulin, F. (2009) Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of fruit and leaf morphology of <em>Dichaea</em> (Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae). <em>Annals of Botany</em> 104: 457–467. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp004</p>
<p>Pfitzer, E.H.H. (1887) <em>Dichaeinae</em>. Entwurf einer natürlichen Anordnung der Orchideen. <em>In:</em> Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung (Ed.) Heidelberg, 107 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.166408</p>
<p>Pupulin, F. (2007) Contributions toward a reassessment of Costa Rican Zygopetalinae (Orchidaceae) 3. A systematic revision of <em>Dichaea</em> in Costa Rica. <em>Harvard Papers in Botany</em> 12: 15–153. https://doi.org/10.3100/1043-4534(2007)12[15:CTAROC]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Pupulin, F., Pridgeon, A.M., Veitch, N.C., Grayer, R.J. & Blanco, M. (2009) Subtribe Zygopetalinae. I<em>n: </em>Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (Eds.) <em>Epidendroideae of Genera Orchidacearum</em> (Part 2, V. 5). Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 456–546.</p>
<p>Pupulin, F. (2019) Zygopetalinae Novae et Criticae (Orchidaceae). <em>Harvard Papers in Botany,</em> 24: 291–339. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v24iss2.2019.n16</p>
<p>Pupulin, F. & Karremans, A.P. (2020) A new and unusual species of <em>Dichaea </em>(Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae) from Costa Rica. <em>Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants</em> 65: 61–64. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2020.65.01.06</p>
<p>Reichenbach, H.G. (1876) <em>Dichaea lagotis</em>. <em>Linnaea</em> 41: 112.</p>