Abstract
A new species of Crassula (Crassulaceae subfam. Crassuloideae), C. stylesii that belongs in C. sect. Rosulares, is described from the Maputaland-Pondoland Region of Endemism in KwaZulu-Natal in southeastern South Africa. Crassula stylesii shows similarities with the autonymic varieties of C. setulosa and C. obovata. However, it grows taller than both these species, and pseudo-rosettes do not develop basally in the case of C. stylesii, but are characteristically present in both C. setulosa and C. obovata, particularly the former. Crassula stylesii is illustrated and differences among the three species are tabulated.
References
<p>Berger, A. (1906) III. Neue Aloineen und andere Sukkulenten. <em>Notizblatt des Königlichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 4 (38): 246–249. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994237</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1876) New garden plants. <em>Huernia hystrix</em>. <em>Gardeners’ Chronicle</em> (<em>London</em>), new series, 5: 795. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/84281#page/813/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1895) 225. <em>Crassula curta</em>, N.E. Brown [Crassulaceae]; [<em>Crassula curta</em>] var. <em>rubra</em> N.E. Brown, pp. 144–145. <em>In</em>: CCCCLXIV.—Diagnoses africanæ, VI. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew</em> 1895: 141–153. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127378#page/148/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Diels, L. (1907) <em>Crassula deminuta</em> n. sp., p. 467. <em>In</em>: A. Engler & L. Diels, Crassulaceae africanae, in A. Engler, Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XXX. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> (<em>Leipzig</em>) 39 (3 & 4): 462–468. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137011#page/484/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Harvey, W.H. (1862) Order LIII. Crassulaceae, D.C. V. <em>Crassula</em>, L. <em>In</em>: W.H. Harvey & O.W. Sonder, <em>Flora capensis</em> [<em>being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, & Port Natal</em>] 2. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd, Kent, pp. 332–368. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/15233#page/340/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1819)<em> Supplementum plantarum succulentarum, sistens plantas novas vel nuper introductas, sive omissas, in Synopse plantarum succulentarum : cum observationibus variis anglicanis</em>. Impensis J. Harding, Londonii, 160 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9314</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1821) <em>Saxifragëarum enumeratio</em>. [Accedunt] <em>Revisiones plantarum succulentarum</em>. In Ædibus R. et A. Taylor, Londonii, 207 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9670</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1824 [September]) XXXI. Decas novarum Plantarum Succulentarum. (“Mr Haworth’s <em>Decade of new Succulent Plants</em>.”). <em>The Philosophical Magazine and Journal</em> 64: 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786442408644582</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1825 [06 July]) III. Decas quarta novarum Plantarum Succulentarum (“Mr Haworth’s <em>Fourth Decade of new Succulent Plants</em>.”). <em>The Philosophical Magazine and Journal</em> 66: 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786442508673917</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1869) <em>Stapelia hystrix</em>. <em>Botanical Magazine; or, Flower-Garden Displayed</em> [...] (<em>London</em>) 95: Tab. 5751. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14371#page/14/mode/1up]</p>
<p>IPNI. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>The International Plant Names Index</em>. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (accessed May 2021)</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2019) <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14</em>. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 7 September 2021)</p>
<p>Jewitt, D. (2018) Vegetation type conservation targets, status and level of protection in KwaZulu-Natal in 2016. <em>Bothalia</em> 48 (1): a2294, 10 pp. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v48i1.2294</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753a) <em>Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad generarelatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</em>. Vol. 1. Salvius, Stockholm, 560 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753b) <em>Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad generarelatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</em>. Vol. 2. Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 561–1200, index pages not numbered. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Obermeyer, A.A. (1981) Notes on African plants. Commelinaceae. Two new species of <em>Cyanotis</em>. <em>Bothalia</em> 13 (3–4): 437–439. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v13i3/4.1332</p>
<p>Rowley, G.[D.] (1978) Reviewed work: A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium No. 8. 2 vols by H.R. Tölken. <em>Cactus & Succulent Journal of Great Britain</em> 40 (2): 53.</p>
<p>Rutherford, M.C., Mucina, L., Lötter, M.C., Bredenkamp, G.J., Smit, J.H.L., Scott-Shaw, C.R., Hoare, D.B., Goodman, P.S., Bezuidenhout, H., Scott, L., Ellis, F., Powrie, L.W., Siebert, F., Mostert, T.H., Henning, B.J., Venter, C.E., Camp, K.G.T., Siebert, S.J., Matthews, W.S., Burrows, J.E., Dobson, L., Van Rooyen, N., Schmidt, E., Winter, P.J.D., Du Preez, P.J., Ward, R.A., Williamson, S. & Hurter, P.J.H. (2006) Savanna Biome. <em>In</em>: Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M.C. (eds.) <em>The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland</em>. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 439–567.</p>
<p>Schonland, S. (1929) Materials for a critical revison of Crassulaceae. <em>Transcations of the Royal Society of South Africa</em> 17: 151–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/00359192909519313</p>
<p>Skowno, A.L., Raimondo, D.C., Poole, C.J., Fizzotti, B. & Slingsby, J.A. (eds.) (2019) <em>South African National Biodiversity Assessment 2018 Technical Report Volume 1: Terrestrial Realm</em>. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 211 pp. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12143/6370</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Van Jaarsveld, E.J., Arnold, T.H., Steffens, F.E., Dixon, R.D. & Retief, J.A. (eds.) (1997) <em>List of southern African succulent plants</em>. Umdaus Press, Pretoria, 175 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed May 2021)</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1975) New taxa and new combinations in <em>Crassula</em>. <em>Journal of South African Botany</em> 41: 93–124. [https://archive.org/details/journalofsouthaf41unse/page/n101/mode/2up]</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1977a) A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Part 1. <em>Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium</em> 8 (1): 1–331.</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1977b) A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Part 2. <em>Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium</em> 8 (2): 332–595.</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1985) Crassulaceae. <em>In</em>: Leistner, O.A. (ed.) <em>Flora of southern Africa</em> 14. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, 244 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg. [Regnum Vegetabile 159]. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Van Jaarsveld, E.J. (2003) <em>Crassula</em>. <em>In</em>: Eggli, U. (ed.) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 32–84.</p>
<p>Van Wyk, A.E. & Smith, G.F. (2001) <em>Regions of floristic endemism in southern Africa. A review with emphasis on succulents</em>. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria, 199 pp.</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1876) New garden plants. <em>Huernia hystrix</em>. <em>Gardeners’ Chronicle</em> (<em>London</em>), new series, 5: 795. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/84281#page/813/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1895) 225. <em>Crassula curta</em>, N.E. Brown [Crassulaceae]; [<em>Crassula curta</em>] var. <em>rubra</em> N.E. Brown, pp. 144–145. <em>In</em>: CCCCLXIV.—Diagnoses africanæ, VI. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew</em> 1895: 141–153. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127378#page/148/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Diels, L. (1907) <em>Crassula deminuta</em> n. sp., p. 467. <em>In</em>: A. Engler & L. Diels, Crassulaceae africanae, in A. Engler, Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XXX. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> (<em>Leipzig</em>) 39 (3 & 4): 462–468. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137011#page/484/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Harvey, W.H. (1862) Order LIII. Crassulaceae, D.C. V. <em>Crassula</em>, L. <em>In</em>: W.H. Harvey & O.W. Sonder, <em>Flora capensis</em> [<em>being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, & Port Natal</em>] 2. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd, Kent, pp. 332–368. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/15233#page/340/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1819)<em> Supplementum plantarum succulentarum, sistens plantas novas vel nuper introductas, sive omissas, in Synopse plantarum succulentarum : cum observationibus variis anglicanis</em>. Impensis J. Harding, Londonii, 160 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9314</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1821) <em>Saxifragëarum enumeratio</em>. [Accedunt] <em>Revisiones plantarum succulentarum</em>. In Ædibus R. et A. Taylor, Londonii, 207 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9670</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1824 [September]) XXXI. Decas novarum Plantarum Succulentarum. (“Mr Haworth’s <em>Decade of new Succulent Plants</em>.”). <em>The Philosophical Magazine and Journal</em> 64: 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786442408644582</p>
<p>Haworth, A.H. (1825 [06 July]) III. Decas quarta novarum Plantarum Succulentarum (“Mr Haworth’s <em>Fourth Decade of new Succulent Plants</em>.”). <em>The Philosophical Magazine and Journal</em> 66: 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786442508673917</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1869) <em>Stapelia hystrix</em>. <em>Botanical Magazine; or, Flower-Garden Displayed</em> [...] (<em>London</em>) 95: Tab. 5751. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14371#page/14/mode/1up]</p>
<p>IPNI. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>The International Plant Names Index</em>. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (accessed May 2021)</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2019) <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14</em>. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 7 September 2021)</p>
<p>Jewitt, D. (2018) Vegetation type conservation targets, status and level of protection in KwaZulu-Natal in 2016. <em>Bothalia</em> 48 (1): a2294, 10 pp. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v48i1.2294</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753a) <em>Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad generarelatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</em>. Vol. 1. Salvius, Stockholm, 560 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753b) <em>Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad generarelatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</em>. Vol. 2. Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 561–1200, index pages not numbered. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Obermeyer, A.A. (1981) Notes on African plants. Commelinaceae. Two new species of <em>Cyanotis</em>. <em>Bothalia</em> 13 (3–4): 437–439. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v13i3/4.1332</p>
<p>Rowley, G.[D.] (1978) Reviewed work: A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium No. 8. 2 vols by H.R. Tölken. <em>Cactus & Succulent Journal of Great Britain</em> 40 (2): 53.</p>
<p>Rutherford, M.C., Mucina, L., Lötter, M.C., Bredenkamp, G.J., Smit, J.H.L., Scott-Shaw, C.R., Hoare, D.B., Goodman, P.S., Bezuidenhout, H., Scott, L., Ellis, F., Powrie, L.W., Siebert, F., Mostert, T.H., Henning, B.J., Venter, C.E., Camp, K.G.T., Siebert, S.J., Matthews, W.S., Burrows, J.E., Dobson, L., Van Rooyen, N., Schmidt, E., Winter, P.J.D., Du Preez, P.J., Ward, R.A., Williamson, S. & Hurter, P.J.H. (2006) Savanna Biome. <em>In</em>: Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M.C. (eds.) <em>The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland</em>. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 439–567.</p>
<p>Schonland, S. (1929) Materials for a critical revison of Crassulaceae. <em>Transcations of the Royal Society of South Africa</em> 17: 151–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/00359192909519313</p>
<p>Skowno, A.L., Raimondo, D.C., Poole, C.J., Fizzotti, B. & Slingsby, J.A. (eds.) (2019) <em>South African National Biodiversity Assessment 2018 Technical Report Volume 1: Terrestrial Realm</em>. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 211 pp. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12143/6370</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Van Jaarsveld, E.J., Arnold, T.H., Steffens, F.E., Dixon, R.D. & Retief, J.A. (eds.) (1997) <em>List of southern African succulent plants</em>. Umdaus Press, Pretoria, 175 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed May 2021)</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1975) New taxa and new combinations in <em>Crassula</em>. <em>Journal of South African Botany</em> 41: 93–124. [https://archive.org/details/journalofsouthaf41unse/page/n101/mode/2up]</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1977a) A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Part 1. <em>Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium</em> 8 (1): 1–331.</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1977b) A revision of the genus <em>Crassula</em> in southern Africa. Part 2. <em>Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium</em> 8 (2): 332–595.</p>
<p>Tölken, H.R. (1985) Crassulaceae. <em>In</em>: Leistner, O.A. (ed.) <em>Flora of southern Africa</em> 14. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, 244 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg. [Regnum Vegetabile 159]. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Van Jaarsveld, E.J. (2003) <em>Crassula</em>. <em>In</em>: Eggli, U. (ed.) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 32–84.</p>
<p>Van Wyk, A.E. & Smith, G.F. (2001) <em>Regions of floristic endemism in southern Africa. A review with emphasis on succulents</em>. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria, 199 pp.</p>