Abstract
Calanthe × yarlungzangboensis P. P. Wu & Z. Wang, a new natural hybrid was described and illustrated from Xizang, China. Calanthe griffithii and C. tricarinata were considered as putative parentage by morphological traits and molecular data from nrITS and two plastid DNA (rbcL and matK). Calanthe × yarlungzangboensis is easily distinguished from its parentage by mid-lobe with three tuberculatus lamellae. The new hybrid grows in subalpine evergreen coniferous forest dominated by Tsuga dumosa in the eastern Himalayas with elevation about 2500m.
References
<p>Abbott, R.J. & Brennan, A.C. (2014) Altitudinal gradients, plant hybrid zones and evolutionary novelty. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B</em> 369: 20130346. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0346</p>
<p>Chen, S.C., Liu, Z.J., Zhu, G.H., Lang, K.Y., Ji, Z.H., Luo, Y.B., Jin, X.H., Philip, J.C., Wood, J.J., Gale, S.W., Ormerod, P., Vermeulen, J.J., Wood, H.P., Clayton, D. & Bell, A. (2009) Orchidaceae. <em>In:</em> Wu, C.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em> volume 25. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 292–301.</p>
<p>Chen, Y.Q., Zhu, Y.T., Zhong, H., Li, Z.X., Liu, Z.J., Zhai, J.W. & Lan, S.R. (2020) Calanthe tsiana, a new orchid species from China (Epidendroideae: Collabieae): evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 428: 67–72. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.1.7</p>
<p>Clayton, D. & Cribb, P. (2013) <em>The genus Calanthe.</em> Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, 411 pp.</p>
<p>Gravendeel, B., Eurlings, M.C.M., van den Berg, C. & Cribb, P.J. (2004) Phylogeny of Pleione (Orchidaceae) and parentage analysis of its wild hybrids based on plastid and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences and morphological data. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 29: 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404772973988</p>
<p>Guo, M., Zhai, J.W., Wu, X.Y., Li, S.X., Wang, M., Li, Z.J. & Chen, L.J. (2017) Calanthe taibaishanensis, A New Orchid Species from China: Evidence from Morphological and Molecular Analyses. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 327: 184–190. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.327.2.7</p>
<p>Jin, X.H. & Li, H. (2007) A new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 25: 20–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0107-055X.2007.00022_22.x</p>
<p>Jin, X.H., Li, J.W. & Ye, D.P. (2019) Atlas of native orchids in China. henan science and technology press, zhengzhou, pp. 906–939.</p>
<p>Kim, Y.K., Jo, S., Cheon, S.H., Joo, M.J., Hong, J.R., Kwak, M. & Kim, K.J. (2020) Plastome Evolution and Phylogeny of Orchidaceae, With 24 New Sequences. <em>Frontiers in Plant Science</em> 11: 322. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00022</p>
<p>Naive, M.A.K. (2017) Calanthe cootesii sp nov (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Collabieae): a new species from the Southern Philippines. <em>Taiwania</em> 62: 331–334. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2017.62.331</p>
<p>Oh, S.H., Suh, H.J. & Park, C.W. (2015) Two new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from Korea. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 218: 69–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.218.1.5</p>
<p>Ren, Z.X., Wang, H., Jin, X.H. & Li, D.Z. (2011) Calanthe yaoshanensis sp nov (Orchidaceae) from northeastern Yunnan, China. Nordic <em>Journal of Botany</em> 29: 54–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00839.x</p>
<p>Soltis, P.S., Soltis, D.E. (2009) The Role of Hybridization in Plant Speciation. <em>Annual Review of Plant Biology</em> 60: 561–588. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092039</p>
<p>Xiang, X.G., Jin, W.T., Li, D.Z., Schuiteman, A., Huang, W.C., Li, J.W., Jin, X.H. & Li, Z.Y. (2014) Phylogenetics of tribe Collabieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) based on four chloroplast genes with morphological appraisal. <em>PLoS One</em> 9: e87625. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087625</p>
<p>Yang, B.Y., Luo, H.L., Huang, W.C., Xiong, D.J., Tan, S.L. & Li, B. (2020) Calanthe sieboldopsis (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Collabieae), a new species from Luoxiao Mountains, eastern China. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 145: 37–45. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.49386</p>
<p>Yu, F.Q., Deng, H.P., Wang, Q. & Yang, Z.M. (2017) Calanthe wuxiensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species from Chongqing, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 317: 152–156. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.317.2.9</p>
<p>Zhai, J.W., Chen, L.J., Xing, F.W. & Liu, Z.J. (2013) Two new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae) from China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 123: 51–55. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.123.1.3</p>
<p>Zhai, J.W., Zhang, G.Q., Li, L., Wang, M.N., Chen, L.J., Chung, S.W., Rodriguez, F.J., Francisco Ortega, J., Lan, S.R., Xing, F.W. & Liu, Z.J. (2014) A new phylogenetic analysis sheds new light on the relationships in the Calanthe alliance (Orchidaceae) in China. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 77: 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.005</p>
<p>Zhou, Z.H., Shi, R.H., Zhang, Y. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Orchid conservation in China from 2000 to 2020: Achievements and perspectives. <em>Plant Diversity.</em> [in press] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2021.06.003</p>
<p>Chen, S.C., Liu, Z.J., Zhu, G.H., Lang, K.Y., Ji, Z.H., Luo, Y.B., Jin, X.H., Philip, J.C., Wood, J.J., Gale, S.W., Ormerod, P., Vermeulen, J.J., Wood, H.P., Clayton, D. & Bell, A. (2009) Orchidaceae. <em>In:</em> Wu, C.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em> volume 25. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 292–301.</p>
<p>Chen, Y.Q., Zhu, Y.T., Zhong, H., Li, Z.X., Liu, Z.J., Zhai, J.W. & Lan, S.R. (2020) Calanthe tsiana, a new orchid species from China (Epidendroideae: Collabieae): evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 428: 67–72. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.1.7</p>
<p>Clayton, D. & Cribb, P. (2013) <em>The genus Calanthe.</em> Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, 411 pp.</p>
<p>Gravendeel, B., Eurlings, M.C.M., van den Berg, C. & Cribb, P.J. (2004) Phylogeny of Pleione (Orchidaceae) and parentage analysis of its wild hybrids based on plastid and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences and morphological data. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 29: 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404772973988</p>
<p>Guo, M., Zhai, J.W., Wu, X.Y., Li, S.X., Wang, M., Li, Z.J. & Chen, L.J. (2017) Calanthe taibaishanensis, A New Orchid Species from China: Evidence from Morphological and Molecular Analyses. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 327: 184–190. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.327.2.7</p>
<p>Jin, X.H. & Li, H. (2007) A new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 25: 20–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0107-055X.2007.00022_22.x</p>
<p>Jin, X.H., Li, J.W. & Ye, D.P. (2019) Atlas of native orchids in China. henan science and technology press, zhengzhou, pp. 906–939.</p>
<p>Kim, Y.K., Jo, S., Cheon, S.H., Joo, M.J., Hong, J.R., Kwak, M. & Kim, K.J. (2020) Plastome Evolution and Phylogeny of Orchidaceae, With 24 New Sequences. <em>Frontiers in Plant Science</em> 11: 322. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00022</p>
<p>Naive, M.A.K. (2017) Calanthe cootesii sp nov (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Collabieae): a new species from the Southern Philippines. <em>Taiwania</em> 62: 331–334. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2017.62.331</p>
<p>Oh, S.H., Suh, H.J. & Park, C.W. (2015) Two new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from Korea. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 218: 69–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.218.1.5</p>
<p>Ren, Z.X., Wang, H., Jin, X.H. & Li, D.Z. (2011) Calanthe yaoshanensis sp nov (Orchidaceae) from northeastern Yunnan, China. Nordic <em>Journal of Botany</em> 29: 54–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00839.x</p>
<p>Soltis, P.S., Soltis, D.E. (2009) The Role of Hybridization in Plant Speciation. <em>Annual Review of Plant Biology</em> 60: 561–588. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092039</p>
<p>Xiang, X.G., Jin, W.T., Li, D.Z., Schuiteman, A., Huang, W.C., Li, J.W., Jin, X.H. & Li, Z.Y. (2014) Phylogenetics of tribe Collabieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) based on four chloroplast genes with morphological appraisal. <em>PLoS One</em> 9: e87625. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087625</p>
<p>Yang, B.Y., Luo, H.L., Huang, W.C., Xiong, D.J., Tan, S.L. & Li, B. (2020) Calanthe sieboldopsis (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Collabieae), a new species from Luoxiao Mountains, eastern China. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 145: 37–45. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.49386</p>
<p>Yu, F.Q., Deng, H.P., Wang, Q. & Yang, Z.M. (2017) Calanthe wuxiensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species from Chongqing, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 317: 152–156. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.317.2.9</p>
<p>Zhai, J.W., Chen, L.J., Xing, F.W. & Liu, Z.J. (2013) Two new species of Calanthe (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae) from China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 123: 51–55. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.123.1.3</p>
<p>Zhai, J.W., Zhang, G.Q., Li, L., Wang, M.N., Chen, L.J., Chung, S.W., Rodriguez, F.J., Francisco Ortega, J., Lan, S.R., Xing, F.W. & Liu, Z.J. (2014) A new phylogenetic analysis sheds new light on the relationships in the Calanthe alliance (Orchidaceae) in China. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 77: 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.005</p>
<p>Zhou, Z.H., Shi, R.H., Zhang, Y. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Orchid conservation in China from 2000 to 2020: Achievements and perspectives. <em>Plant Diversity.</em> [in press] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2021.06.003</p>