Abstract
A new species of Quercus (Fagaceae), Q. ngochoaensis, from Ba Vi National Park, Ha Noi, northern Vietnam is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to Q. glauca in having glabrous twigs, cuneate leaf base, two or three fruits per infructescence, almost entire margin of lamellate rings on cupule except the lowest three rings, slightly convex scar at the base of a nut. However, it differs from Q. glauca in having smaller leaves, cup-shaped cupule enclosing 1/2–2/3 of the nut, 7–8 lamellate rings on cupule, and subglobose nut. In addition to the description, DNA barcodes of the two partial plastid regions of matK, rbcL and the nuclear region of ITS of the new species are provided.
References
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<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Bon, T.N., Tagane, S. & Yahara, T. (2018a) A new species and two new records of <em>Quercus </em>(Fagaceae) from northern Vietnam. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 92: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.21831</p>
<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Tagane, S., Toyama, H., Mase, K., Mitsuyuki, C., Strijk, J.S., Suyama, Y. & Yahara, T. (2018b) A taxonomic study of <em>Quercus langbianensis</em> complex based on morphology, and DNA barcodes of classic and next generation sequences. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 95: 37–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.95.21126</p>
<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Tai, V.A., Son, H.T., Tagane, S. & Yahara, T. (2018c) <em>Quercus trungkhanhensis</em> (Fagaceae), a new species from Cao Vit Gibbon Conservation Area, Cao Bang Province, northeastern Vietnam. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica</em> 69 (1): 53–61. https://doi.org/10.18942/apg.201713</p>
<p>Borazan, A. & Babaç, M.T. (2003) Morphometric leaf variation in oaks (<em>Quercus</em>) of Bolu, Turkey.<em> Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 40 (4): 233–242.</p>
<p>Camus, A. (1934–1936) <em>Les Chênes. Monographie du Genre Quercus Tome</em> 1 Vol. 1–2. Paul Lechevalier. Paris.</p>
<p>Camus, A. (1936) Quelques Fagacées nouvelles de l’Inde et de l’Indo-Chine. <em>Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France</em> 83 (4–5): 343. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1936.10836359</p>
<p>CBOL Plant Working Group (2009) A DNA barcode for land plants. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em> 106: 12794–12797. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0905845106</p>
<p>Cho, S.H., Chhang, P. & Kim, Y.D. (2016) <em>A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia</em>. National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of Environment. Incheon, 272 pp.</p>
<p>Cuénoud, P., Savolainen, V., Chatrou, L.W., Powell, M., Grayer, R.J. & Chase, M.W. (2002) Molecular phylogenetics of Caryophyllales based on nuclear 18S rDNA and plastid <em>rbc</em>L, <em>atp</em>B, and <em>mat</em>K DNA sequences. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 89 (1): 132–144. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.89.1.132</p>
<p>Dick, C.W. & Webb, C.O. (2012) Plant DNA barcodes, taxonomic management, and species discovery in tropical forests. <em>In</em>: Kress, W. & Erickson, D. (Eds.) <em>DNA Barcodes. Methods in Molecular Biology (Methods and Protocols)</em>, vol 858. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. pp. 379–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-591-6_18</p>
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<p>Doyle, J.J. & Doyle, J.L. (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. <em>Phytochemical Bulletin</em> 19: 11–15.</p>
<p>Fay, M.F., Swensen, S.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997) Taxonomic affinities of <em>Medusagyne oppositifolia</em> (Medusagynaceae). <em>Kew Bulletin</em>: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.2307/4117844</p>
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<p>Hance, H.F. (1868) On the <em>Fagus Castanea</em> of Loureiro’s ‘Flora Cochinchinensis;’ with descriptions of the two new Chinese Corylaceae. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany</em> 10: 199–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1868.tb00437.x</p>
<p>Hebert, P.D. & Gregory, T.R. (2005) The promise of DNA barcoding for taxonomy. <em>Systematic biology</em> 54 (5): 852–859. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150500354886</p>
<p>Hickel, P.R. & Camus, A.A. (1921)<em> Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique sér. </em>10, 3. Paris.</p>
<p>Ho, P.H. (2003) <em>An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam</em>, vol. 2. Young Publishers, Ho Chi Minh City. [In Vietnamese]</p>
<p>Huang, C.J., Zhang, Y.T. & Bartholomew, B. (1999) Fagaceae. <em>In: </em>Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.)<em> Flora of China</em>. Volume 4, pp. 333–369.</p>
<p>Hubert, F., Grimm, G.W., Jousselin, E., Berry, V., Franc, A. & Kremer, A. (2014) Multiple nuclear genes stabilize the phylogenetic backbone of the genus <em>Quercus</em>. <em>Systematics and Biodiversity</em> 12 (4): 405–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.941037</p>
<p>Iokawa, Y. (2016) Fagaceae. <em>In</em>: Ohashi, H., Kadota, Y., Murata, J. & Yonekura, K. (Eds.) <em>Wild Flowers of Japan</em> vol. 3. Heibonsya, Tokyo, pp. 89–99.</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. <em>Version 14</em>. <em>Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subommittee.</em> Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 20 March 2020)</p>
<p>Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003) <em>A checklist of the trees, shrubs, herbs, and climbers of Myanmar</em>. Smithsonian Institution, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 590 pp.</p>
<p>Kurz, W.S. (1878) On a few new plants from Yunan. <em>Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. London </em>11: 193–196.</p>
<p>Levin, R.A., Wagner, W.L., Hoch, P.C., Nepokroeff, M., Pires, J.C., Zimmer, E.A. & Sytsma, K.J. (2003) Family-level relationships of Onagraceae based on chloroplast <em>rbc</em>L and <em>ndh</em>F data. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 90 (1): 107–115. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.90.1.107</p>
<p>Li, Q., Zhang, J. & Coombes, A. (2016) <em>Quercus lineata</em> (Fagaceae): new distribution records from China and Vietnam and its leaf anatomical features. <em>Phytotaxa </em>266 (3): 226–230. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.266.3.7</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, 2. Stockholm.</p>
<p>Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007) <em>A Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Lao PDR</em>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh.</p>
<p>Phengklai, C. (2008) Fagaceae. <em>Flora of Thailand</em> 9 (3): 179–410.</p>
<p>Rohwer, J.G., Li, J., Rudolph, B., Schmidt, S.A., van der Werff, H. & Li, H.W. (2009) Is <em>Persea</em> (Lauraceae) monophyletic? Evidence from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. <em>Taxon</em> 58 (4): 1153–1167. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.584009</p>
<p>Soepadmo, E. & van Steenis, C.G.G.J (1972) Fagaceae. <em>In: </em>Dransfield, J. & van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (Eds.) <em>Flora Malesiana Series I</em>, Volume 7 (2). Noordho-Kol N.V., Dja- karta, 265–403.</p>
<p>Sprengel, C. (1826) <em>Systema vegetabilium [Caroli Linnaei] </em>6. Gottingae.</p>
<p>Thunberg, C.P. (1784) <em>Systema Vegetabilium: Secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus et differentiis. Editio decima quarta, end</em> 14, Typis et impensis Jo. Christ, Dieterich, Gottingae, 858 pp.</p>
<p>Toyama, H., Kajisa, T., Tagane, S., Mase, K., Chhang, P., Samreth, V., Ma, V., Sokh, H., Ichihasi, R., Onoda, Y., Mizoue, N. & Yahara, T. (2015) Effects of logging and recruitment on community phylogenetic structure in 32 permanent forest plots of Kampong Thom, Cambodia. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</em> 370 (1662): 20140008. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0008</p>
<p>Wallich, N. (1832) <em>Plantae Asiaticae Rariores: or, Descriptions and figures of a select number of unpublished East Indian plants</em>. Treuttel and Würtz, London.</p>
<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Bon, T.N., Tagane, S. & Yahara, T. (2018a) A new species and two new records of <em>Quercus </em>(Fagaceae) from northern Vietnam. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 92: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.21831</p>
<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Tagane, S., Toyama, H., Mase, K., Mitsuyuki, C., Strijk, J.S., Suyama, Y. & Yahara, T. (2018b) A taxonomic study of <em>Quercus langbianensis</em> complex based on morphology, and DNA barcodes of classic and next generation sequences. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 95: 37–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.95.21126</p>
<p>Binh, H.T., Ngoc, N.V., Tai, V.A., Son, H.T., Tagane, S. & Yahara, T. (2018c) <em>Quercus trungkhanhensis</em> (Fagaceae), a new species from Cao Vit Gibbon Conservation Area, Cao Bang Province, northeastern Vietnam. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica</em> 69 (1): 53–61. https://doi.org/10.18942/apg.201713</p>
<p>Borazan, A. & Babaç, M.T. (2003) Morphometric leaf variation in oaks (<em>Quercus</em>) of Bolu, Turkey.<em> Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 40 (4): 233–242.</p>
<p>Camus, A. (1934–1936) <em>Les Chênes. Monographie du Genre Quercus Tome</em> 1 Vol. 1–2. Paul Lechevalier. Paris.</p>
<p>Camus, A. (1936) Quelques Fagacées nouvelles de l’Inde et de l’Indo-Chine. <em>Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France</em> 83 (4–5): 343. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1936.10836359</p>
<p>CBOL Plant Working Group (2009) A DNA barcode for land plants. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em> 106: 12794–12797. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0905845106</p>
<p>Cho, S.H., Chhang, P. & Kim, Y.D. (2016) <em>A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia</em>. National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of Environment. Incheon, 272 pp.</p>
<p>Cuénoud, P., Savolainen, V., Chatrou, L.W., Powell, M., Grayer, R.J. & Chase, M.W. (2002) Molecular phylogenetics of Caryophyllales based on nuclear 18S rDNA and plastid <em>rbc</em>L, <em>atp</em>B, and <em>mat</em>K DNA sequences. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 89 (1): 132–144. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.89.1.132</p>
<p>Dick, C.W. & Webb, C.O. (2012) Plant DNA barcodes, taxonomic management, and species discovery in tropical forests. <em>In</em>: Kress, W. & Erickson, D. (Eds.) <em>DNA Barcodes. Methods in Molecular Biology (Methods and Protocols)</em>, vol 858. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. pp. 379–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-591-6_18</p>
<p>Don, D. (1824) <em>Description of the genus </em>Pinus<em>: illustrated with figures, directions relative to the cultivation, and remarks on the uses of the several species</em>. <em>A</em>. London Descr.</p>
<p>Doyle, J.J. & Doyle, J.L. (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. <em>Phytochemical Bulletin</em> 19: 11–15.</p>
<p>Fay, M.F., Swensen, S.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997) Taxonomic affinities of <em>Medusagyne oppositifolia</em> (Medusagynaceae). <em>Kew Bulletin</em>: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.2307/4117844</p>
<p>Ford, C.S., Ayres, K.L., Toomey, N., Haider, N., Van Alphen Stahl, J., Kelly, L.J. & Cowan, R.S. (2009) Selection of candidate coding DNA barcoding regions for use on land plants. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 159 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00938.x</p>
<p>Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (1998) <em>World checklist and bibliography of Fagales</em>. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew vii, 407 pp.-illus. ISBN, 1900347466.</p>
<p>Hance, H.F. (1868) On the <em>Fagus Castanea</em> of Loureiro’s ‘Flora Cochinchinensis;’ with descriptions of the two new Chinese Corylaceae. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany</em> 10: 199–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1868.tb00437.x</p>
<p>Hebert, P.D. & Gregory, T.R. (2005) The promise of DNA barcoding for taxonomy. <em>Systematic biology</em> 54 (5): 852–859. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150500354886</p>
<p>Hickel, P.R. & Camus, A.A. (1921)<em> Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique sér. </em>10, 3. Paris.</p>
<p>Ho, P.H. (2003) <em>An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam</em>, vol. 2. Young Publishers, Ho Chi Minh City. [In Vietnamese]</p>
<p>Huang, C.J., Zhang, Y.T. & Bartholomew, B. (1999) Fagaceae. <em>In: </em>Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.)<em> Flora of China</em>. Volume 4, pp. 333–369.</p>
<p>Hubert, F., Grimm, G.W., Jousselin, E., Berry, V., Franc, A. & Kremer, A. (2014) Multiple nuclear genes stabilize the phylogenetic backbone of the genus <em>Quercus</em>. <em>Systematics and Biodiversity</em> 12 (4): 405–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.941037</p>
<p>Iokawa, Y. (2016) Fagaceae. <em>In</em>: Ohashi, H., Kadota, Y., Murata, J. & Yonekura, K. (Eds.) <em>Wild Flowers of Japan</em> vol. 3. Heibonsya, Tokyo, pp. 89–99.</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. <em>Version 14</em>. <em>Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subommittee.</em> Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 20 March 2020)</p>
<p>Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003) <em>A checklist of the trees, shrubs, herbs, and climbers of Myanmar</em>. Smithsonian Institution, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 590 pp.</p>
<p>Kurz, W.S. (1878) On a few new plants from Yunan. <em>Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. London </em>11: 193–196.</p>
<p>Levin, R.A., Wagner, W.L., Hoch, P.C., Nepokroeff, M., Pires, J.C., Zimmer, E.A. & Sytsma, K.J. (2003) Family-level relationships of Onagraceae based on chloroplast <em>rbc</em>L and <em>ndh</em>F data. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 90 (1): 107–115. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.90.1.107</p>
<p>Li, Q., Zhang, J. & Coombes, A. (2016) <em>Quercus lineata</em> (Fagaceae): new distribution records from China and Vietnam and its leaf anatomical features. <em>Phytotaxa </em>266 (3): 226–230. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.266.3.7</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, 2. Stockholm.</p>
<p>Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007) <em>A Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Lao PDR</em>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh.</p>
<p>Phengklai, C. (2008) Fagaceae. <em>Flora of Thailand</em> 9 (3): 179–410.</p>
<p>Rohwer, J.G., Li, J., Rudolph, B., Schmidt, S.A., van der Werff, H. & Li, H.W. (2009) Is <em>Persea</em> (Lauraceae) monophyletic? Evidence from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. <em>Taxon</em> 58 (4): 1153–1167. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.584009</p>
<p>Soepadmo, E. & van Steenis, C.G.G.J (1972) Fagaceae. <em>In: </em>Dransfield, J. & van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (Eds.) <em>Flora Malesiana Series I</em>, Volume 7 (2). Noordho-Kol N.V., Dja- karta, 265–403.</p>
<p>Sprengel, C. (1826) <em>Systema vegetabilium [Caroli Linnaei] </em>6. Gottingae.</p>
<p>Thunberg, C.P. (1784) <em>Systema Vegetabilium: Secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus et differentiis. Editio decima quarta, end</em> 14, Typis et impensis Jo. Christ, Dieterich, Gottingae, 858 pp.</p>
<p>Toyama, H., Kajisa, T., Tagane, S., Mase, K., Chhang, P., Samreth, V., Ma, V., Sokh, H., Ichihasi, R., Onoda, Y., Mizoue, N. & Yahara, T. (2015) Effects of logging and recruitment on community phylogenetic structure in 32 permanent forest plots of Kampong Thom, Cambodia. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</em> 370 (1662): 20140008. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0008</p>
<p>Wallich, N. (1832) <em>Plantae Asiaticae Rariores: or, Descriptions and figures of a select number of unpublished East Indian plants</em>. Treuttel and Würtz, London.</p>