Abstract
Indobanalia thyrsiflora is an endemic species occurring in peninsular India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu States) and Sri Lanka. A nomenclatural study of the basionym Banalia thyrsiflora, published by Moquin-Tandon in Candolle’s Prodromus (year 1849), is carried out and the name is lectotypified on a specimen deposited at P (barcode P00609924); isolectotypes are traced at K and CAL. A preliminary morphological characterization of the species is also given, based on field surveys and examination of herbarium specimens. We noted that I. thyrsiflora is highly variable. However, we prefer to avoid, for the moment, taxonomic conclusions about the various morphotypes found, waiting the complete results of this ongoing morphological and molecular investigations.
References
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<p>Moquin-Tandon, C.H.B.A. (1849) Amaranthaceae Juss. <em>In</em>: Candolle, A.P. de (Ed.) <em>Prodromus Systematis Regni Vegetabilis</em> 13 (1). Sumptibus Victois Masson, Parisiis, pp. 231–424.</p>
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<p>Pedersen, T.M. (2000) Studies in South American Amaranthaceae V. <em>Bonplandia </em>10: 83–112. https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.101-41453</p>
<p>POWO (2020-onward) <em>Indobanalia </em>A.N.Henry & B.Roy. Plants of the World Online. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1216-1 (accessed 9 July 2021)</p>
<p>Pullaiah, T., Ali Moulali, D. & Sandhya Rani, S. (2018) <em>Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India)</em>, vol. 4. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 1570 pp.</p>
<p>Rafinesque, C.S. (1840) <em>Autokon Botanicon</em>, Part. 1 (I–V). Without publisher, Philadelphia, 199 pp.</p>
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<p>Sánchez-del Pino, I. & Iamonico, D. (2016) <em>Jamesbondia</em>, a new subgenus of (Gomphrenoideae, Amaranthaceae) from Central America and the Caribbean Islands. <em>Plant Biosystems </em>150 (2): 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2014.941034</p>
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<p>Sasidharan, N. (2002) <em>Floristic Studies in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary</em>. KFRI Research Report No. 256. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, 408 pp.</p>
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<p>Sasidharan, N. & Sivarajan, V.V. (1996) <em>Flowering Plants of Thrissur Forests</em>. Scientific Publishers, Jodphur, 579 pp.</p>
<p>Schinz, H. (1893) Amaranthaceae Juss. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen, unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten begründet</em>, vol. 3 (1a). Von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 91–118.</p>
<p>Seetharam, Y. N, Kotresha, K. & Uplaonkar, S.B. (2000) <em>Flora of Gulbarga District</em>. Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, 71 pp.</p>
<p>Sindhu, A., Venugopalan Nair Saradamma, A.K., Walsan Kalarikkal, V. & Iamonico, D. (2020) <em>Amaranthus rajasekharii </em>(Amaranthaceae), a new species from Kerala (SW-India). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 433: 153–160. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.2.6</p>
<p>Sohmer, S.H. (1976) <em>Herbstia</em>, a new genus in the Amaranthaceae. <em>Brittonia</em> 28: 448–452. https://doi.org/10.2307/2805610</p>
<p>Takhtajan, A. (1986) <em>Floristic regions of the world</em>. University of California Press, Berkeley, 522 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 9 June 2021)</p>
<p>Tropicos (2021) <em>Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Banalia thyrsiflora Moq</em>. Available from: https://www.tropicos.org/name/12806841 (accessed 9 July 2021)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wallich, N. (1829) <em>Numerical list of dried specimens of plants in the Museum of the Honl. East India Company /which have been supplied by Dr. Wallich, superintendent of the botanic garden at Calcutta</em>. London, 306 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1917</p>
<p>Watson, S. (1840) <em>United States Geological Expolration of the Fortieth Parallel. Botany</em>, vol. 5. Government Printing Office, Washington, 525 pp.</p>
<p>Arya, S., Anil Kumar, V.N.S., Vishnu, W.K. & Kumar, T.R. (2019) <em>Amaranthus</em> <em>saradhiana</em> (Amaranthaceae), new species from southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 403: 230–238. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.403.3.7</p>
<p>Arya, S., Iamonico, D., Sanchez-Del Pino, I. & Kumar, V.N.S.A. (2021) <em>Alternanthera indica </em>(Amaranthaceae), a new species from Kerala (India). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 482 (2): 191–196. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.482.2.7</p>
<p>Bhat Gopala, K. (2014) <em>Flora of South Kanara (Dakshina Kannada and Udupi Districts of Karnataka)</em>. Taxonomy Research Centre, Udupi, 598 pp.</p>
<p>Bayón, N.D. (2015) Revision Taxonomica de las Especies Monoicas de <em>Amaranthus </em>(Amaranthacae): <em>Amaranthus</em> subg. <em>Amaranthus</em> y <em>Amaranthus</em> subg. <em>Albersia</em>. <em>Annuals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 101: 261–383. https://doi.org/10.3417/2010080</p>
<p>Bubani, P. (1899) <em>Flora Pyrenea</em>, vol. 2. Ulricus Hoeplius, Mediolani, 718 pp.</p>
<p>Henry, A.N. & Roy, B. (1968) Nomenclatural notes on Indian flowering plants. <em>Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India</em> 10: 274–276.</p>
<p>Henry, A.N., Kumari, G.R. & Chitra, V. (1987) <em>Flora of Tamil Nadu India. Series 1: Analysis</em>, vol. 2. Botanical Survey of India, Coimbatore.</p>
<p>Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W.G., Borsch, T., Mering, S. von, Akhani, H., Arias, S., Castaneda-Noa, I., Eggli, U., Eriksson, R., Flores-Olvera, H., Fuentes-Bazan, S., Kadereit, G., Klak, C., Korotkova, N., Nyffeler, R., Ocampo, G., Ochoterena, H., Oxelman, B., Rabeler, R., Sanchez, A., Schlumpberger, B. & Uotila, P. (2015) A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. <em>Willdenowia </em>45: 281‒383.</p>
<p>Holmgren, N.H. (2011) <em>Nitrophila </em>S.Watson. <em>In</em>: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) <em>Flora of North America North of Mexico</em>, vol. 4. Oxford University Press, New York & Oxford, pp. 258–259.</p>
<p>HUH Index of botanists (2013 onwards) <em>Index of botanists, Harward University Herbaria & Libraries. Wallich, Nathaniel</em>. Available from https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?mode=details&id=776 (accessed 9 June 2021)</p>
<p>Iamonico, D. (2013) <em>Polycnemum verrucosum </em>(Amaranthaceae), first record for the Italian native flora and comparison with related species <em>P. arvense</em>. <em>Hacquetia</em> 12 (1): 5–9.</p>
<p>Iamonico, D. (2014) Lectotypification of Linnaean names in the genus <em>Achyranthes </em>L. (Amaranthaceae). <em>Taxon </em>63 (2): 405–407. https://doi.org/10.12705/632.2</p>
<p>Iamonico, D. (2015) Taxonomic revision of the genus <em>Amaranthus</em> (Amaranthaceae) in Italy. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 199: 1‒84. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.199.1.1</p>
<p>Iamonico, D. & Jarvis, C.E. (2012) Lectotypification of Linnaean names in the genus <em>Celosia </em>L. (Amaranthaceae). <em>Taxon </em>61 (5): 1101–1102. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.615016</p>
<p>Kadereit, G., Borsch, T., Weising, K. & Freitag, H. (2003) Phylogeny of Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae and the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. <em>International Journal of Plant Sciences </em>164 (6): 959–986. https://doi.org/10.1086/378649</p>
<p>Keshava Murthy, K.R. & Yoganarasimhan, S.N. (1990) <em>Flora of Coorg District</em>. Vimsat, Coorg, 711 pp.</p>
<p>Livesey, J. (2005) Botany and provincial enlightenment in Montpellier: Antoine Banal Père and fils 1750‒1800. <em>History of Science</em> 43 (1): 57–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/007327530504300103</p>
<p>Manilal, K.S. (1988) <em>Flora of Silent Valley Tropical Rain Forests of India</em>. Calicut University, Calicut, 398 pp.</p>
<p>Masson, D. & Kadereit, G. (2013) Phylogeny of Polycnemoideae (Amaranthaceae): implications for biogeography, character evolution and taxonomy. <em>Taxon</em> 62: 100–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.621009</p>
<p>Mohanan, C.N. (1984) <em>Studies on the flora of Quilon District, Kerala</em>. Ph. D. Thesis, Madras University, Madras, 212 pp.</p>
<p>Moquin-Tandon, C.H.B.A. (1849) Amaranthaceae Juss. <em>In</em>: Candolle, A.P. de (Ed.) <em>Prodromus Systematis Regni Vegetabilis</em> 13 (1). Sumptibus Victois Masson, Parisiis, pp. 231–424.</p>
<p>Mosyakin, S.L. & Robertson, K.R. (2003) <em>Amaranthus</em>. <em>In</em>: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) <em>Flora of North America North of Mexico</em> 4 (Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1). Oxford University Press, New York & Oxford, pp. 410–435.</p>
<p>Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., Fonseca, G.A.B. & Kents, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. <em>Nature </em>403: 853858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501</p>
<p>Pedersen, T.M. (2000) Studies in South American Amaranthaceae V. <em>Bonplandia </em>10: 83–112. https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.101-41453</p>
<p>POWO (2020-onward) <em>Indobanalia </em>A.N.Henry & B.Roy. Plants of the World Online. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1216-1 (accessed 9 July 2021)</p>
<p>Pullaiah, T., Ali Moulali, D. & Sandhya Rani, S. (2018) <em>Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India)</em>, vol. 4. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 1570 pp.</p>
<p>Rafinesque, C.S. (1840) <em>Autokon Botanicon</em>, Part. 1 (I–V). Without publisher, Philadelphia, 199 pp.</p>
<p>Ramachandran, V.S. & Nair,V.J. (1988) <em>Flora of Cannanore District</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 599 pp.</p>
<p>Ramesh, S.R. & Saldanha, C.J. (1984) <em>Flora of Karnataka state</em>, vol 1. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi, 535 pp.</p>
<p>Rao, R.R. & Razi, B.A (1981) <em>A Synoptic Flora of Mysore district</em>. Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, 674 pp.</p>
<p>Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh, R., Deepak Kumar, Swamy, R.K. & Page, N. (2016) <em>Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats</em>. Available from: http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Indobanalia thyrsiflora (accessed 23 July 2021)</p>
<p>Sankara Rao, K., Raja, K. Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh, R. & Gopalakrishna Bhat, K. (2019)<em> Flora of Peninsular India</em>. Available from: http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Indobanalia thyrsiflora (accessed 23 July 2021)</p>
<p>Saldanha, C.J., Nicolson, D.H. & Ramamoorthy, T.P. (1976) <em>Flora of Hassan District</em>. Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, 915 pp.</p>
<p>Sánchez-del Pino, I. & Iamonico, D. (2016) <em>Jamesbondia</em>, a new subgenus of (Gomphrenoideae, Amaranthaceae) from Central America and the Caribbean Islands. <em>Plant Biosystems </em>150 (2): 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2014.941034</p>
<p>Sasidharan, N. (1998) <em>Studies on the flora of Periyar Tiger Reserve</em>. KFRI Research Report No. 330. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, 558 pp.</p>
<p>Sasidharan, N. (2002) <em>Floristic Studies in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary</em>. KFRI Research Report No. 256. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, 408 pp.</p>
<p>Sasidharan, <em>N</em>. (<em>2011)</em> <em>Flowering plants of Kerala</em>. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi.</p>
<p>Sasidharan, N. & Sivarajan, V.V. (1996) <em>Flowering Plants of Thrissur Forests</em>. Scientific Publishers, Jodphur, 579 pp.</p>
<p>Schinz, H. (1893) Amaranthaceae Juss. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen, unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten begründet</em>, vol. 3 (1a). Von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 91–118.</p>
<p>Seetharam, Y. N, Kotresha, K. & Uplaonkar, S.B. (2000) <em>Flora of Gulbarga District</em>. Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, 71 pp.</p>
<p>Sindhu, A., Venugopalan Nair Saradamma, A.K., Walsan Kalarikkal, V. & Iamonico, D. (2020) <em>Amaranthus rajasekharii </em>(Amaranthaceae), a new species from Kerala (SW-India). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 433: 153–160. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.2.6</p>
<p>Sohmer, S.H. (1976) <em>Herbstia</em>, a new genus in the Amaranthaceae. <em>Brittonia</em> 28: 448–452. https://doi.org/10.2307/2805610</p>
<p>Takhtajan, A. (1986) <em>Floristic regions of the world</em>. University of California Press, Berkeley, 522 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 9 June 2021)</p>
<p>Tropicos (2021) <em>Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Banalia thyrsiflora Moq</em>. Available from: https://www.tropicos.org/name/12806841 (accessed 9 July 2021)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wallich, N. (1829) <em>Numerical list of dried specimens of plants in the Museum of the Honl. East India Company /which have been supplied by Dr. Wallich, superintendent of the botanic garden at Calcutta</em>. London, 306 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1917</p>
<p>Watson, S. (1840) <em>United States Geological Expolration of the Fortieth Parallel. Botany</em>, vol. 5. Government Printing Office, Washington, 525 pp.</p>