Abstract
In 2011 and later in a 2018 field survey, an unknown Begonia species allied to taxa in section Petermannia was found in Bucas Grande Island. After thorough studies of the living plant, literature, and herbarium specimens we name the new species Begonia benitotanii, to honor Dr. Benito C. Tan, the internationally known Filipino muscologist. In 2011, there were two populations observed, each of about 300 individuals in a 100 m area. During recent fieldwork, one population was found decimated while the other was reduced to just about 50 individuals. The site is being converted into coconut, banana, and rice plantations. The area is not currently protected under the country’s National Integrated Protected Areas System by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. According to the IUCN red list categories and criteria, B. benitotanii is hereby proposed to be placed under the Critically Endangered (CR) category.
References
<p>Buenavista, D.P., Ang, Y.P., Pranada, M.A.K., Salas, D.S., Mollee, E. & McDonald, M. (2021) <em>Begonia bangsamoro </em>(Begoniaceae, section <em>Petermannia</em>), a new species from Mindanao Island, the Philippines. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 494: 39–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.497.1.4</p>
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<p>Hughes, M. (2008) <em>An Annotated Checklist of Southeast Asian Begonia</em>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK, 164 pp.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-Muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015 onwards) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from [http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/]</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14</em>. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: ttp://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 11 May 2021)</p>
<p>Klotzsch, J.F. (1854) <em>Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten</em>. <em>Monatsberichte der Königlich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin</em> 1854: 119–128.</p>
<p>Klotzsch, J.F. (1855) <em>Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten</em>. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin</em> 1855: 121–25</p>
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<p>Liu, S.-H., Tseng, Y.-H., Zure, D., Rubite, R.R., Balangcod, T.D., Peng, C.-I. & Chung, K.-F. (2019) <em>Begonia balangcodiae sp. nov</em>. from northern Luzon, the Philippines and its natural hybrid with <em>B. crispipila, B. × kapangan notho sp. nov</em>. <em>Phytotaxa </em>407: 5–21. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Merrill, E.D. (1912 [1911]) The Philippine species of <em>Begonia</em>. <em>Philippine Journal of Science, </em>section C, Botany 6: 369–406.</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K.-F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-Muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W.-C., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C.-I, Pérez, A.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.-M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia </em>(Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon </em>67: 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Nakamura, K., Rubite, R.R.,, Kono, Y., Macabasco, J.V., Talana, A.D., Alejandro, G.J.D., Ho, M.J., Yang, H.A., Chung, K.F. & Peng, C.I,. (2021) <em>Begonia ×dinglensis</em>, a natural hybrid of Philippine <em>Begonia </em>section <em>Baryandra</em>, as evidenced by morphological, phylogenetic and cytological data. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 494 (1): 151–164. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.1.12</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R. (2012) Delimitation of <em>Begonia </em>L. sections <em>Diploclinium </em>and <em>Baryandra </em>(Begoniaceae) in the Philippines. <em>Asia Life Sciences</em> 21: 363–373.</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R. & Madulid, D.A. (2009) The rediscovery of Philippine <em>Begonia</em>. <em>Blumea</em> 54: 267–268. https://doi.org/10.3767/000651909X476256</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R., Irabagon, M.L., Palacio, D.J.E., Ang, Y.P. & Bustamante, R.A.A. (2020) <em>Begonia caramoanensis </em>(sect. <em>Baryandra, </em>Begoniaceae) a new species from Camarines Sur, Philippines. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 439: 287–294. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.10</p>
<p>Rule, M.G.Q., Ang, Y.P., Rubite, R.R., Docot, R.V.A., Bustamante, R.A.A. & Robinson, A.S. (2020) <em>Begonia makuruyot </em>(Begoniaceae section <em>Baryandra</em>), a new species from Surigao del Norte Province, Philippines. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 470: 226–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.3.2</p>
<p>Warburg, O. (1904) Begoniaceae. <em>In</em>: Perkins, J.R. (Ed.) <em>Fragmenta Florae Philippinae: contributions to the flora of the Philippine Islands. </em>Leipzig, Germany, pp. 52–53.</p>
<p>de Candolle, A. (1859) Mémoire sur la famille des Bégoniacées. [ser. 4.] <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique </em>11: 128–129.</p>
<p>Hughes, M. (2008) <em>An Annotated Checklist of Southeast Asian Begonia</em>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK, 164 pp.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-Muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015 onwards) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from [http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/]</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14</em>. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: ttp://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 11 May 2021)</p>
<p>Klotzsch, J.F. (1854) <em>Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten</em>. <em>Monatsberichte der Königlich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin</em> 1854: 119–128.</p>
<p>Klotzsch, J.F. (1855) <em>Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten</em>. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin</em> 1855: 121–25</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</em>, vol .1. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Liu, S.-H., Tseng, Y.-H., Zure, D., Rubite, R.R., Balangcod, T.D., Peng, C.-I. & Chung, K.-F. (2019) <em>Begonia balangcodiae sp. nov</em>. from northern Luzon, the Philippines and its natural hybrid with <em>B. crispipila, B. × kapangan notho sp. nov</em>. <em>Phytotaxa </em>407: 5–21. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59734</p>
<p>Merrill, E.D. (1912 [1911]) The Philippine species of <em>Begonia</em>. <em>Philippine Journal of Science, </em>section C, Botany 6: 369–406.</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K.-F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-Muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W.-C., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C.-I, Pérez, A.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.-M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia </em>(Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon </em>67: 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Nakamura, K., Rubite, R.R.,, Kono, Y., Macabasco, J.V., Talana, A.D., Alejandro, G.J.D., Ho, M.J., Yang, H.A., Chung, K.F. & Peng, C.I,. (2021) <em>Begonia ×dinglensis</em>, a natural hybrid of Philippine <em>Begonia </em>section <em>Baryandra</em>, as evidenced by morphological, phylogenetic and cytological data. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 494 (1): 151–164. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.1.12</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R. (2012) Delimitation of <em>Begonia </em>L. sections <em>Diploclinium </em>and <em>Baryandra </em>(Begoniaceae) in the Philippines. <em>Asia Life Sciences</em> 21: 363–373.</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R. & Madulid, D.A. (2009) The rediscovery of Philippine <em>Begonia</em>. <em>Blumea</em> 54: 267–268. https://doi.org/10.3767/000651909X476256</p>
<p>Rubite, R.R., Irabagon, M.L., Palacio, D.J.E., Ang, Y.P. & Bustamante, R.A.A. (2020) <em>Begonia caramoanensis </em>(sect. <em>Baryandra, </em>Begoniaceae) a new species from Camarines Sur, Philippines. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 439: 287–294. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.10</p>
<p>Rule, M.G.Q., Ang, Y.P., Rubite, R.R., Docot, R.V.A., Bustamante, R.A.A. & Robinson, A.S. (2020) <em>Begonia makuruyot </em>(Begoniaceae section <em>Baryandra</em>), a new species from Surigao del Norte Province, Philippines. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 470: 226–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.3.2</p>
<p>Warburg, O. (1904) Begoniaceae. <em>In</em>: Perkins, J.R. (Ed.) <em>Fragmenta Florae Philippinae: contributions to the flora of the Philippine Islands. </em>Leipzig, Germany, pp. 52–53.</p>