Abstract
Codonopsis atriplicifolia (Campanulaceae) from western Sichuan, China, is described here as a new species, which is similar to C. subscaposa in a number of characters. The results of molecular phylogenetic analysis of 25 species of Codonopsis based on chloroplast DNA fragments (matK, petD with petB-petD, rbcL) show that C. atriplicifolia is closely related to C. farreri. In morphology, the new species is distinctly different from the allied species by its linear-lanceolate leaves with subentire to pinnatipartite margins.
References
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Anthony, J. (1926) A key to the genus Codonopsis Wall. with an account of two undescribed species. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 15: 173–190.
Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Zwickl, D.J., Beerli, P., Holder, M.T., Lewis, P.O., Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F., Swofford, D.L., Cummings, M.P., Rambaut, A. & Suchard, M.A. (2012) BEAGLE: an application programming interface for statistical phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 61: 170–173. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syr100
Blume, C.L. (1826) Bijdragen tot de flora van nederlandsch Indië, vol. 16. Ter Lands Drukkerij, Batavia, 726 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.395
Chipp, T.F. (1908) A revision of the genus Codonopsis Wall. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 38: 374–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1908.tb00860.x
Diels, L. (1912) Plantae Chinenses Forrestianae: new and imperfectly known species, Campanulaceae. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 5: 170–177.
Frazer, I.H. (2020) Collaboration in the War against Viruses: A Multidisciplinary International Effort. The Innovation 1 (1): 100011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.011
Hong, D.Y. (1980) New taxa of Campanulaceae from Xizang. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 18: 245–247.
Hong, D.Y. & Pan, K.Y. (2012) Pollen morphology of the platycodonoid group (Campanulaceae s. str.) and its systematic implications. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 54: 773–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01164.x
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Hooker, J.D. & Thomson, T. (1858) Praecursores Ad Floram Indicam. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany 2: 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1857.tb02465.x
Komarov, V.L. (1908) Prolegomena ad Floras Chinae nec non Mongoliae. Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botani?eskago Sada 29: 102–124.
Larkin, M.A., Blackshields, G., Brown, N.P., Chenna, R., McGettigan, P.A., McWilliam, H., Valentin, F., Wallace, I.M., Wilm, A., Lopez, R., Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J. & Higgins, D.G. (2007) Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics 23: 2947–2948. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404
Lemaire, C. (1856) Choix raisonne des plantes les plus interessantes sous le rapport ornemental. L’illustration Horticole 3: 1–118.
Li, J.L., Wang, S., Yu, J., Wang, L. & Zhou, S.L. (2013) A Modified CTAB Protocol for Plant DNA Extraction. Chinese Bulletin of Botany 48: 72–78. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1259.2013.00072
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum, vol. 2. L. Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 561–1200.
Ludlow, F. (1972) Codonopsis bhutanica. Journal of Royal Horticultural Society 97: 127.
Maximowicz, C.J. (1881) Diagnoses plantarum novarum asiaticarum. IV. Bulletin de l’Académie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg, ser. 3, 27: 425–560.
Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest v2. Program Distributed by the Author, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University. Available from: http://www.abc.se/~nylander/ (accessed 5 October 2020)
Pairo-Castineira, E., Clohisey, S., Klaric, L., Bretherick, A.D., Rawlik, K., Pasko, D., Walker, S., Parkinson, N., Fourman, M.H., Russell, C.D., Furniss, J., Richmond, A., Gountouna, E., Wrobel, N., Harrison, D., Wang, B., Wu, Y., Meynert, A., Griffiths, F., Oosthuyzen, W., Kousathanas, A., Moutsianas, L., Yang, Z.-J., Zhai, R., Zheng, C.-Q., Grimes, G., Beale, R., Millar, J., Shih, B., Keating, S., Zechner, M., Haley, C., Porteous, D.J., Hayward, C., Yang, J., Knight, J., Summers, C., Shankar-Hari, M., Klenerman, P., Turtle, L., Ho, A., Moore, S.C., Hinds, C., Horby, P., Nichol, A., Maslove, D., Ling, L., McAuley, D., Montgomery, H., Walsh, T., Pereira, A.C., Renieri, A., The GenOMICC Investigators, The ISARIC4C Investigators, The COVID-19 Human Genetics Initiative, 23andMe Investigators, BRACOVID Investigators, Gen-COVID Investigators, Shen, X., Ponting, C.P., Fawkes, A., Tenesa, A., Caulfield, M., Scott, R., Rowan, K., Murphy, L., Openshaw, P.J.M., Semple, M.G., Law, A., Vitart, V., Wilson, J.F. & Baillie, J.K. (2021) Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in Covid-19. Nature 591: 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03065-y
Shi, Y. (2020) New Virus, New Challenge. The Innovation 1 (1): 100005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.005
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30(9): 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Walker, P.G.T., Whittaker, C., Watson, O.J., Baguelin, M., Winskill, P., Hamlet, A., Djafaara, B.A., Cucunubá, Z., Mesa, D.O., Green, W., Thompson, H., Nayagam, S., Ainslie, K.E.C., Bhatia, S., Bhatt, S., Boonyasiri, A., Boyd, O., Brazeau, N.F., Cattarino, L., Cuomo-Dannenburg, G., Dighe, A., Donnelly, C.A., Dorigatti, I., van Elsland, S.L., FitzJohn, R., Fu, H., Gaythorpe, K.A.M., Geidelberg, L., Grassly, N., Haw, D., Hayes, S., Hinsley, W., Imai, N., Jorgensen, D., Knock, E., Laydon, D., Mishra, S., Nedjati-Gilani, G., Okell, L.C., Unwin, H.J., Verity, R., Vollmer, M., Walters, C.E., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Xi, X., Lalloo, D.G., Ferguson, N.M. & Ghani, A.C. (2020) The impact of Covid-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- and middle-income countries. Science 369: 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc0035
Wallich, N. (1824) Codonopsis Wall. In: Roxburgh, W. (Ed.) Flora Indica, vol. 2. The Mission Press, Serampore, pp. 103–107.
Wang, Q., Wang, X.Q., Sun, H., Yu, Y., He, X.J. & Hong, D.Y. (2014) Evolution of the platycodonoid group with particular references to biogeography and character evolution. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 56: 995–1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12203
Wang, Q. & Hong, D.Y. (2014) Codonopsis gongshanica (Campanulaceae), a new species from NW Yunnan base on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Phytotaxa 188 (3): 145–152. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.188.3.3
Wang, Q., Zhou, S.L. & Hong, D.Y. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of the Platycodonoid Group (Campanulaceae s. str.) with special reference to the circumscription of Codonopsis. Taxon 62: 498–504. https://doi.org/10.12705/623.2
Wang, R., Xiong, Y.K., Xing, X.F., Yang, R.P., Li, J.R., Wang, Y.J., Cao, J.J., Balkanski, Y., Peñuelas, J., Ciais, P., Hauglustaine, D., Sardans, J., Chen, J.M., Ma, J.M., Xu, T., Kan, H.D., Zhang, Y., Oda, T., Morawska, L., Zhang, R.H. & Tao, S. (2020) Daily CO2 Emission Reduction Indicates the Control of Activities to Contain COVID-19 in China. The Innovation 1 (3): 100062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100062
Wu, R., Ai, S.Q., Cai, J., Zhang, S.Y., Qian, Z.M., Zhang, Y.Q., Wu, Y.L., Chen, L., Tian, F., Li, H., Li, M.Y. & Lin, H.L. (2020) Predictive Model and Risk Factors for Case Fatality of COVID-19: A Cohort of 21,392 Cases in Hubei, China. The Innovation 1 (2): 100022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100022