Abstract
Pariana caxiuanensis (Poaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from the Brazilian Amazon. The new species is characterized by having the leaves clustered at the apex of the leafy culm, fimbriae few to absent, dimorphic flowering culms, large ligules (2.5–4 mm long), and pubescent to hirsute synflorescences. We present a morphological description, illustrations of the new species, the conservation status assessment, and a key to differentiate P. caxiuanensis from its morphologically related congeners.
References
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Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., De La Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
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Ferreira, F.M., Oliveira, R.P.; Welker, C.A.D., Dórea, M.C., Lima, A.L.C., Oliveira, I.L.C., Santos, F.A.R., van den Berg, C. & Clark, L.G. (2019) Phylogenetic relationships within Parianinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae) with emphasis on Eremitis: evidence from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences, macromorphology, and pollen ectexine patterns. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 139: 106541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106541
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Santos-Gonçalves, A.P., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020a) A new species of Eremitis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from Rio Doce State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil, marks the furthest inland distribution of the genus. Brittonia 72: 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-019-09603-x
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020b) Eremitis limae (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species of herbaceous bamboo endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 454: 277–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.5
Ferreira, F.M., Silva, C., Welker, C.A.D., Dórea, M.C., Leite, K.R.B., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020c) Eremitis berbertii and E. fluminensis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and updates on leaf microcharacters in the genus. Novon 28: 240–252. https://doi.org/10.3417/2020562
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020d) Eremitis jardimii (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 75: 52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-020-09906-3
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (In press.) Reinterpretation of vegetative and reproductive characters validates three new species in the endangered herbaceous bamboo genus Eremitis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae) from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Systematic Botany. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16231782047352
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Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2001) Plant Identification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary. Spring Lake Pub, 216 pp.
Hollowell, V.C. (1987) Systematics of the subtribe Parianinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae). PhD Thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 904 pp.
IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, vers. 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf. (accessed 13 August 2020)
JSTOR Plant Science (2020) JSTOR Plant Science. Available from: http://plants.jstor.org. (accessed 2 September 2020)
Oliveira, R.P., Longhi-Wagner, H.M., Leite, K.R.B. & Hollowell, V.C. (2008) Pariana multiflora (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae), a new species from Eastern Brazil, with notes on the leaf anatomy of the genus. Systematic Botany 33 (2): 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408784571617
Pilger, R. (1938) Über die systematische Stellung und Nomenklatur einiger Gramineen Gattungen. Repertorium novarum specierum regni vegetabilis 45 (1–7): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19380450102
Swallen, J.R. (1940) Eight new species of Pariana. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 30 (2): 71–78.
Swallen, J.R. (1943) Flora of Panama (Gramineae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis) 30: 104–280.
Swallen, J.R. (1948) New Grasses, Pariana setosa. Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 29 (6): 273.
Swallen, J.R. (1957) The Botany of the Guayana Highland. Part II. Pariana violascens, P. pallida, P. obtusa. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 9 (3): 267–269.
Vorontsova, M.S., Clark, L.G., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R. & Baker, W.J. (2016) World Checklist of Bamboos and Rattans. International Network of Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing, China, 454 pp.
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Tutin, T.G. (1936) A revision of the genus Pariana (Gramineae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 50 (334): 337–362. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1936.tb02003.x
Wanderley, M.G.L., Shepherd, G.J. & Giulietti, A.M. (2001) Flora Fanerogâmica Do Estado de São Paulo. Vol. 1., HUCITEC, São Paulo, 316 pp.
Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., De La Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
Döll, J.C. (1877) Eremitis. In: Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) Flora Brasiliensis, Ed. 2. F. Fleischer, Mônaco, pp. 358.
Döll, J.C. (1877) Pariana intermedia. In: Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) Flora Brasiliensis, Ed. 2. F. Fleischer, Mônaco, pp. 358.
Ferreira, F.M., Van den Berg, C., Hollowell, V.C. & Oliveira, R.P. (2013a) Parianella (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): morphological and biogeographical information reveals a new genus of herbaceous bamboos from Brazil. Phytotaxa 77 (2): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.77.2.2
Ferreira, F.M., Dórea, M.C., Leite, K.R.B. & Oliveira, R.P. (2013b) Eremitis afimbriata and E. magnifica (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae): two remarkable new species from Brazil and a first record of blue iridescence in bamboo leaves. Phytotaxa 84: 31–45. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.84.1.3
Ferreira, F.M., Hollowell, V.C. & Oliveira, R.P. (2016) Eremitis linearifolia and E. robusta (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae): two new species of herbaceous bamboos from Brazil first collected over 30 years ago. Phytotaxa 280: 179–189. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.280.2.8
Ferreira, F.M., Oliveira, R.P.; Welker, C.A.D., Dórea, M.C., Lima, A.L.C., Oliveira, I.L.C., Santos, F.A.R., van den Berg, C. & Clark, L.G. (2019) Phylogenetic relationships within Parianinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae) with emphasis on Eremitis: evidence from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences, macromorphology, and pollen ectexine patterns. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 139: 106541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106541
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Santos-Gonçalves, A.P., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020a) A new species of Eremitis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from Rio Doce State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil, marks the furthest inland distribution of the genus. Brittonia 72: 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-019-09603-x
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020b) Eremitis limae (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species of herbaceous bamboo endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 454: 277–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.5
Ferreira, F.M., Silva, C., Welker, C.A.D., Dórea, M.C., Leite, K.R.B., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020c) Eremitis berbertii and E. fluminensis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and updates on leaf microcharacters in the genus. Novon 28: 240–252. https://doi.org/10.3417/2020562
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (2020d) Eremitis jardimii (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 75: 52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-020-09906-3
Ferreira, F.M., Welker, C.A.D., Clark, L.G. & Oliveira, R.P. (In press.) Reinterpretation of vegetative and reproductive characters validates three new species in the endangered herbaceous bamboo genus Eremitis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae) from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Systematic Botany. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16231782047352
Hackel, E. (1887) Parianinae. In: Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. (Eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Ed. 2. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 130.
Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2001) Plant Identification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary. Spring Lake Pub, 216 pp.
Hollowell, V.C. (1987) Systematics of the subtribe Parianinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae). PhD Thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 904 pp.
IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, vers. 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf. (accessed 13 August 2020)
JSTOR Plant Science (2020) JSTOR Plant Science. Available from: http://plants.jstor.org. (accessed 2 September 2020)
Oliveira, R.P., Longhi-Wagner, H.M., Leite, K.R.B. & Hollowell, V.C. (2008) Pariana multiflora (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae), a new species from Eastern Brazil, with notes on the leaf anatomy of the genus. Systematic Botany 33 (2): 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408784571617
Pilger, R. (1938) Über die systematische Stellung und Nomenklatur einiger Gramineen Gattungen. Repertorium novarum specierum regni vegetabilis 45 (1–7): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19380450102
Swallen, J.R. (1940) Eight new species of Pariana. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 30 (2): 71–78.
Swallen, J.R. (1943) Flora of Panama (Gramineae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis) 30: 104–280.
Swallen, J.R. (1948) New Grasses, Pariana setosa. Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 29 (6): 273.
Swallen, J.R. (1957) The Botany of the Guayana Highland. Part II. Pariana violascens, P. pallida, P. obtusa. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 9 (3): 267–269.
Vorontsova, M.S., Clark, L.G., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R. & Baker, W.J. (2016) World Checklist of Bamboos and Rattans. International Network of Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing, China, 454 pp.
Thiers, B. (2020 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/. (accessed 2 September 2020)
Tutin, T.G. (1936) A revision of the genus Pariana (Gramineae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 50 (334): 337–362. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1936.tb02003.x
Wanderley, M.G.L., Shepherd, G.J. & Giulietti, A.M. (2001) Flora Fanerogâmica Do Estado de São Paulo. Vol. 1., HUCITEC, São Paulo, 316 pp.