Abstract
The form of the gemmae appears to be constant within Bryum species, and it is an important character for distinguishing among closely related species. In this study, we describe a new species of Bryum, B. glacierum Y.Y. Liu & Y.H. Wu, that was collected from Tianshan Mountain in China along with a description of its gemmae. This species is distinguished morphologically by (1) gemmiforfm to julaceous shoots; (2) broadly ovate leaves, strongly concave, with obtuse to acuminate apex, plane and undifferentiated leaf margins, rhombic to rhomboidal distal and medial cells; and (3) dark red-brown, obconic or ovate bulbils with peg-like leaf primordia, densely clustered in the leaf axils of sterile shoots. The new moss species is currently known from two localities in northwestern China. The species seems to prefer high altitudes, growing as a pioneer mainly on ground exposed by retreating glaciers. The principal distinctive characters that separate Bryum glacierum from similar species of Bryum and Pohlia are discussed. An identification key for bulbiferous species of Bryum in China is provided.
References
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Spence, J.R. (2014b). Bryaceae. In: Flora North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) Flora of North America Vol. 28: Bryophyta: Mosses part 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 117–185.
Spence, J.R. & Kellman, K.M. (2015) New and interesting species of Gemmabryum J.R. Spence & H.P. Ramsay (Bryaceae, Bryopsida) from California and the West. Madroño 62 (2): 124–135. https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-62.2.124
Spence, J.R. & Ramsay, H.P. (2002) The genus Anomobryum Schimp. (Bryopsida, Bryaceae) in Australia. Telopea 9: 777–792. https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea20024017
Spence, J.R. & Ramsay, H.P. (2005) New genera and combinations in the Bryaceae (Bryales, Musci) for Australia. Phytologia 87: 61–72. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.4029
Sullivant, W.S. (1856) Report of exploration and surveys; description of the mosses and liverworts. Report to the 33rd Congress, Washington D.C., 4: 184–193.
Vanderpoorten, A. & Zartman, C.E. (2002) The Bryum bicolor complex in North America. The Bryologist 105 (1): 128–139. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0128:TBBCIN]2.0.CO;2
Wilczek, R. & Demaret, F. (1976) Les espèces du “complexe Bryum bicolor” (Musci). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 46: 511–541. https://doi.org/10.2307/3667731
Zolotov, V.I. (2000) The genus Bryum (Bryaceae, Musci) in middle European Russia. Arctoa 9: 155–232. https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.09.19
Bruch, P., Schimper, W.P. & Gümbel, W.T. von (1846) Bryologia Europaea 4. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 163 pp.
Erzberger, P. & Schröder, W. (2013) The genus Bryum (Bryaceae, Musci) in Hungary. Studia Botanica Hungarica 44: 5–192.
Frey, W. & Stech M. (2009) Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants. 3: I–IX. In: Frey, W., Stech, M. & Fischer, E. (Eds.) Syllabus of Plant Families—Adolf Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilies. 13th ed. Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin, pp. 1–263.
Hedwig, J. (1801) Species Muscorum Frondosorum Descriptae. Leipzig, pp. 118–187.
Höhnel, F. (1895) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Laubmoosflora des Hochgebirgstheiles der Sierra Nevada in Spanien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe, Abteilung 1 104: 297–336.
Hornschuch, C.F. (1822) Flora 5. Sylloge Plantarum Novarum 1 (3): 62–64.
Köckinger, H., Holyoak, D.T. & Suanjak, M. (2013) Bryum austriacum Köckinger, Holyoak & Suanjak, a new bulbiliferous species from the Alps (Bryaceae, Bryopsida). Journal of Bryology 35 (1): 57–61. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743282012Y.0000000039
Koponen, T. & Luo, J.S. (1986) Pohlia hisae, species nova (Musci, Bryaceae) from Wo-long Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Hikobia 9: 315–317.
Li, X.J. (2006) Flora Bryophytorum Sinicorum. Vol. 4. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1–111.
Liu, Y.Y., Wang, X.R. & Zhao, J.C. (2018) Propaguliferous species of Pohlia (Mielichhoferiaceae) in China, including two new records for China. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 40 (2): 18–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/bde.40.2.2
Liu, Y.Y., Zhao, J.C., Niu, Y.L. & Wang, X.R. (2020) Taxonomic summary of Bryaceae (Bryophyta) in China. Chenia 14: 45–57 .
Newton, A.E., & Mishler, B.D. (1994) The evolutionary significance of asexual reproduction in mosses. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 76: 127–145.
Schimper, W.P. (1860) Synopsis Muscorum Europaeorum cxxxviii. Schweizerbart, Stuttgardt, pp. 382–383.
Schwägrichen, C.F. (1811) Species Muscorum Frondosorum, Supplementum Primum 1. Barth, Leipzig, 136 pp.
Schwägrichen, C.F. (1816) Species Muscorum Frondosorum, Supplementum Primum 2. Barth, Leipzig, 89 pp.
Shaw, A.J. (1981) The taxonomy of Bryum oblongum and B. blindii. Canadian Journal of Botany 59: 1426–1435. https://doi.org/10.1139/b81-195
Shaw, A.J. (2014) The impact of molecular data on our understanding of the bryophyte flora of North America. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) Flora of North America Vol. 28. Bryophyta Part 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 3–13.
Smith, A.J.E. (2004) The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 528–636. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541858
Spence, J.R. (1986) Bryum calobryoides, a new species from western North America. The Bryologist 89 (3): 215–218. https://doi.org/10.2307/3243287
Spence, J.R. (1987) A proposed reclassification of Bryum, Anomobryum, and Brachymenium (Musci, Bryaceae). Journal of Bryology 14: 659–676. https://doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1987.14.4.659
Spence, J.R. (1988) Bryum Hedw. (Bryaceae) in western North America. The Bryologist 91 (2): 73–85. https://doi.org/10.2307/3242619
Spence, J.R. (1996) Rosulabryum genus novum. The Bryologist 99 (2): 221–225. https://doi.org/10.2307/3244553
Spence, J.R. (2005) New genera and combinations in the Bryaceae (Bryales, Musci) for North America. Phytologia 87: 15–28. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.4029
Spence, J.R. (2007) New combinations in the Bryaceae (Bryophyta) for North America. II. Phytologia 89: 110–114. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24163
Spence, J.R. (2014a) A Guide to Identification of Bryaceae with an Emphasis on North American Species, Author’s technical report, 1–29. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268278609 (accessed 2020 Dec. 1)
Spence, J.R. (2014b). Bryaceae. In: Flora North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) Flora of North America Vol. 28: Bryophyta: Mosses part 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 117–185.
Spence, J.R. & Kellman, K.M. (2015) New and interesting species of Gemmabryum J.R. Spence & H.P. Ramsay (Bryaceae, Bryopsida) from California and the West. Madroño 62 (2): 124–135. https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-62.2.124
Spence, J.R. & Ramsay, H.P. (2002) The genus Anomobryum Schimp. (Bryopsida, Bryaceae) in Australia. Telopea 9: 777–792. https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea20024017
Spence, J.R. & Ramsay, H.P. (2005) New genera and combinations in the Bryaceae (Bryales, Musci) for Australia. Phytologia 87: 61–72. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.4029
Sullivant, W.S. (1856) Report of exploration and surveys; description of the mosses and liverworts. Report to the 33rd Congress, Washington D.C., 4: 184–193.
Vanderpoorten, A. & Zartman, C.E. (2002) The Bryum bicolor complex in North America. The Bryologist 105 (1): 128–139. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0128:TBBCIN]2.0.CO;2
Wilczek, R. & Demaret, F. (1976) Les espèces du “complexe Bryum bicolor” (Musci). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 46: 511–541. https://doi.org/10.2307/3667731
Zolotov, V.I. (2000) The genus Bryum (Bryaceae, Musci) in middle European Russia. Arctoa 9: 155–232. https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.09.19