Abstract
Ischaemum mistryi, a new species from the Sub-Tropical evergreen forest of Tilari Ghat, Maharashtra, India, is described and illustrated. This grass is unique with its leaves drooping, mostly congregated near the base, basal sheath villous, culms compressed at the base, lower glume of the sessile spikelet linear-lanceolate to oblongish tapering and slightly curled upwards, without a sub-apical ridge, nodules absent (if present 2–4 obscure) on its keels, and upper lemma of sessile spikelet bi-partite. Morphologically it is somewhat similar to I. mangaluricum, I. travancorense and I. barbatum. We provided a table of its detailed comparison with close species as mentioned above. According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, we have assessed this new species as Critically Endangered (CR). The photo plates and illustration of the grass are given to facilitate its proper identification. A short discussion is also provided at the end.
References
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<p>Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) <em>Chrysopogon castaneus </em>(Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (1): 59–61.</p>
<p>Bokil, S.A., Choudhary, R. K., Tamhankar, S., Dattar, M.N. (2020) <em>Ischaemum janarthanamii</em> (Poaceae, Andropogoneae), a New Species from the Western Ghats, India: Evidence from Morphological and Molecular Data. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 57 (4–6): 321–330. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.057.0415</p>
<p>Bokil, S.A., Choudhary, R. K., Tamhankar, S., Dattar, M.N. (2021) A novel species of <em>Ischaemum</em> (Poaceae, Andropogoneae) from the northern Western Ghats, India, based on morphological and molecular data. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 501 (1): 171–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.1.8</p>
<p>Bor, N.L. (1949) Two new grasses from India. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 4 (1): 69–70. https://doi.org/10.2307/4119043</p>
<p>Bor, N.L. (1960) <em>The Grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan (Excl. Bambuseae). </em>Pergamon Press, London, pp. 171–186.</p>
<p>Bor, N.L. (1962) Notes on Asiatic grasses. XXXIII. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 15 (3): 411–414. https://doi.org/10.2307/4115603</p>
<p>Cooke, T. (1908) <em>The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay</em>, Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 957.</p>
<p>Cope, T.A. (1982) Poaceae vol. 143.<em> In: </em>Nasir, E. & Ali, S.A. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Pakistan</em>. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council and University of Karachi, Pakistan, pp. 320.</p>
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<p>Fischer, C.E.C. (1933) New or Little-Known Plants from South India: II. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)</em> 7: 353. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113562</p>
<p>Fischer, C.E.C. (1934) <em>Ischaemum mangaluricum</em>.<em> In: </em>Gambel, J.S. & Fischer, C.E.C. (Eds.) <em>Flora of the Madras Presidency</em>. Vol. 3. Adlard & Son, London, 1723 pp.</p>
<p>Forman, L. & Bridson, D. (1991) <em>The herbarium handbook</em>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</p>
<p>Gorade, P., Datar, M.N., Choudhary, R.K. & Pathare, P.S. (2016) <em>Ischaemum agharkarii</em> (Andropogoneae, Poaceae), a new species from Northern Western Ghats, India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 272 (1): 89–93. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.6</p>
<p>Hackel, E. (1889) Monographia Andropogonearum.<em> In: </em>De Candolle, <em>Monographia Phanerogamarum</em> 6: 200–253.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1897) <em>Flora of British India, Gramineae</em>. Vol. 7. L. Reeve & Co. Ltd., England, pp. 126–140.</p>
<p>IUCN (2019). <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines]</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>. Vol. 2. Impensis G. C. Nauk, 1049 pp.</p>
<p>Potdar, G.G., Salunkhe, C.B. & Yadav, S.R. (2012) <em>Grasses of Maharashtra</em>. Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 656 pp.</p>
<p>Retzius, A.J. (1791) <em>Observationes Botanicae</em>. Vol. 6. Siegfried Lebrecht Crusium, Leipzig, pp. 35.</p>
<p>Roxburgh, W. (1832) <em>Flora</em> <em>Indica; or descriptions of Indian plants</em>. Vol. 1. Parbeury, Allen & Co. London, pp. 391–324.</p>
<p>Sharma, B.D., Karthikeyan, S. & Singh, N.P. (1996) <em>Flora of Maharashtra State Monocotyledones</em>. Botanical survey of India publication, Calcutta.</p>
<p>Singh, R.K. & Rao, P.S.N. (2008) The genus <em>Ischaemum</em> L. (Poaceae) in India. <em>Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany</em> 32: 797–836.</p>
<p>Srivastava, S.K. & Nair, V.J. (2010) Genus <em>Ischaemum</em> L. (Poaceae) in India. <em>Nelumbo</em> 52: 63–92.</p>
<p>Steudel, E.G. (1855 [1853]) <em>Synopsis plantarum glumacearum, Pars I: Synopsis plantarum graminearum</em>. J.B. Metzler, Stuttgart, pp. 58. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.471</p>
<p>Sur, P.R. (2001) A revision of the genus <em>Ischaemum</em> Linn. (Poaceae) in India. <em>Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany</em> 25 (2): 407–438.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated] Index Herbariorum: <em>A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 12 December 2020)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature</em> <em>foralgae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). </em>Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F (1973) A revision of <em>Digitaria</em> Haller (Gramineae) in Malesia. <em>Blumea</em> 21: 1–80.</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) <em>Chrysopogon castaneus </em>(Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (1): 59–61.</p>