Abstract
Ischaemum mistryi, a new species from the Sub-Tropical evergreen forest of Tilari Ghat, Maharashtra, India, is described and illustrated. This grass is unique with its leaves drooping, mostly congregated near the base, basal sheath villous, culms compressed at the base, lower glume of the sessile spikelet linear-lanceolate to oblongish tapering and slightly curled upwards, without a sub-apical ridge, nodules absent (if present 2–4 obscure) on its keels, and upper lemma of sessile spikelet bi-partite. Morphologically it is somewhat similar to I. mangaluricum, I. travancorense and I. barbatum. We provided a table of its detailed comparison with close species as mentioned above. According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, we have assessed this new species as Critically Endangered (CR). The photo plates and illustration of the grass are given to facilitate its proper identification. A short discussion is also provided at the end.
References
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Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) Chrysopogon castaneus (Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. Rheedea 10 (1): 59–61.
Bokil, S.A., Choudhary, R. K., Tamhankar, S., Dattar, M.N. (2020) Ischaemum janarthanamii (Poaceae, Andropogoneae), a New Species from the Western Ghats, India: Evidence from Morphological and Molecular Data. Annales Botanici Fennici 57 (4–6): 321–330. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.057.0415
Bokil, S.A., Choudhary, R. K., Tamhankar, S., Dattar, M.N. (2021) A novel species of Ischaemum (Poaceae, Andropogoneae) from the northern Western Ghats, India, based on morphological and molecular data. Phytotaxa 501 (1): 171–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.1.8
Bor, N.L. (1949) Two new grasses from India. Kew Bulletin 4 (1): 69–70. https://doi.org/10.2307/4119043
Bor, N.L. (1960) The Grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan (Excl. Bambuseae). Pergamon Press, London, pp. 171–186.
Bor, N.L. (1962) Notes on Asiatic grasses. XXXIII. Kew Bulletin 15 (3): 411–414. https://doi.org/10.2307/4115603
Cooke, T. (1908) The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay, Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 957.
Cope, T.A. (1982) Poaceae vol. 143. In: Nasir, E. & Ali, S.A. (Eds.) Flora of Pakistan. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council and University of Karachi, Pakistan, pp. 320.
Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006) GrassBase–The Online World Grass Flora. Available from: http://www.kew.org/ data/grasses-db.html (accessed 2 February 2020)
Fischer, C.E.C. (1933) New or Little-Known Plants from South India: II. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 7: 353. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113562
Fischer, C.E.C. (1934) Ischaemum mangaluricum. In: Gambel, J.S. & Fischer, C.E.C. (Eds.) Flora of the Madras Presidency. Vol. 3. Adlard & Son, London, 1723 pp.
Forman, L. & Bridson, D. (1991) The herbarium handbook. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Gorade, P., Datar, M.N., Choudhary, R.K. & Pathare, P.S. (2016) Ischaemum agharkarii (Andropogoneae, Poaceae), a new species from Northern Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 272 (1): 89–93. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.6
Hackel, E. (1889) Monographia Andropogonearum. In: De Candolle, Monographia Phanerogamarum 6: 200–253.
Hooker, J.D. (1897) Flora of British India, Gramineae. Vol. 7. L. Reeve & Co. Ltd., England, pp. 126–140.
IUCN (2019). Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines]
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Vol. 2. Impensis G. C. Nauk, 1049 pp.
Potdar, G.G., Salunkhe, C.B. & Yadav, S.R. (2012) Grasses of Maharashtra. Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 656 pp.
Retzius, A.J. (1791) Observationes Botanicae. Vol. 6. Siegfried Lebrecht Crusium, Leipzig, pp. 35.
Roxburgh, W. (1832) Flora Indica; or descriptions of Indian plants. Vol. 1. Parbeury, Allen & Co. London, pp. 391–324.
Sharma, B.D., Karthikeyan, S. & Singh, N.P. (1996) Flora of Maharashtra State Monocotyledones. Botanical survey of India publication, Calcutta.
Singh, R.K. & Rao, P.S.N. (2008) The genus Ischaemum L. (Poaceae) in India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 797–836.
Srivastava, S.K. & Nair, V.J. (2010) Genus Ischaemum L. (Poaceae) in India. Nelumbo 52: 63–92.
Steudel, E.G. (1855 [1853]) Synopsis plantarum glumacearum, Pars I: Synopsis plantarum graminearum. J.B. Metzler, Stuttgart, pp. 58. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.471
Sur, P.R. (2001) A revision of the genus Ischaemum Linn. (Poaceae) in India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 25 (2): 407–438.
Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated] Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 12 December 2020)
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature foralgae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Veldkamp, J.F (1973) A revision of Digitaria Haller (Gramineae) in Malesia. Blumea 21: 1–80.
Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) Chrysopogon castaneus (Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. Rheedea 10 (1): 59–61.