Abstract
A new Microcostatus species was found during a study focusing on diatoms present on soils and among terrestrial mosses. Unlike most known European species of this genus, it has easily distinguishable striae under the light microscope and a distinct central area. Additionally, the newly described species shows lack of conopeum and pseudoconopeum. A detailed morphological characterisation using light and scanning electron microscopy of a new species from the genus Microcostatus and comparison to the most similar taxa are given.
References
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<p>Chattová, B., Lebouvier, M., Syrovátka, V. and Van de Vijver, B. (2021) Moss-inhabiting diatom communities from Ile Amsterdam (TAAF, southern Indian Ocean). <em>Plant Ecology and Evolution</em> 154 (1): 63–79. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2021.1767</p>
<p>Dorokhova, M.F. (2007) Diatoms as indicators of soil conditions in oil production regions. <em>Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies</em> 36: 129–135.</p>
<p>Ettl, H. & Gärtner, G. (1995) <em>Sylabus der Boden-, Luft-und Flechtenalgen.</em> Gustaw Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York, 721 pp.</p>
<p>Johansen, J.R. & Sray, J.C. (1998) <em>Microcostatus </em>gen. nov., a new aerophilic diatom genus based on <em>Navicula krasskei</em> Hustedt. <em>Diatom Research</em> 13: 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1998.9705436</p>
<p>Kopalová, K., Ochyra, R., Nedbalová, L. & Van de Vijver, B. (2014) Moss-inhabiting diatoms from two contrasting Maritime Antarctic islands. <em>Plant ecology and Evolution</em> 147 (1): 67–84. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.896</p>
<p>Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1986) Bacillariophyceae. 1. Teil: Naviculaceae.<em> In: </em>Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Eds.) <em>Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa 2 (1)</em>. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 876 pp.</p>
<p>Krasske, G. (1932) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Diatomeenflora der Alpen. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 72: 92–135.</p>
<p>Kützing, F.T. (1844) Die Kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. Nordhausen: zu finden bei W. Köhne 152 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64360</p>
<p>Lange-Bertalot, H. & Metzeltin, D. (1996) Indicators of oligotrophy. 800 taxarepresentative of three ecologically distinct lake types. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 2: 390 pp.</p>
<p>Lange-Bertalot, H. (1999) Neue Kombinationen von Taxa in der Gattung <em>Microcostatus</em> Johansen & Sray 1998. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 6: 290–291.</p>
<p>Li, Y., Suzuki, H., Nagumo, T., Tanaka, J., Sun, Z. & Xu, K. (2016) <em>Microcostatus salinus</em> <em>sp. nov.</em>, a new benthic diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from estuarine intertidal sediments, Japan. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 245: 51–58. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.245.1.5</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Kociolek, P.J., Wang, Q., Li, L. & Fan, Y. (2021) New and interesting freshwater diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from a biodiversity hotspot area in China. <em>Fottea</em> 21 (1): 16–33. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2020.013</p>
<p>Lund, J.W.G. (1946) Observations on soil algae. I. The ecology, size and taxonomy of British soil diatoms. <em>New Phytologist</em> 45: 56–110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1946.tb05047.x</p>
<p>Lowe, R.L., Kociolek, P., Johansen, J.R., Van de Vijver, B., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Kopalova, K. (2014) <em>Humidophila </em>gen. nov., a new genus for a group of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) formerly within the genus <em>Diadesmis</em>: Species from Hawai’i, including one new species. <em>Diatom Research</em> 29: 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2014.889039</p>
<p>Lowe, R.L., Furey, P.C., Ress, J.A., Johansen, J.R. (2007) Diatom biodiversity and distribution on wet walls in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. <em>Southeastern Naturalist</em> 6 (2): 135–153. https://doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2007)6[135:DBADOW]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H., (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks on biogeographic disjunction. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 18: 1–876.</p>
<p>Patrick, R. (1977) Ecology of freshwater diatoms and diatom communities.<em> In: </em>D. Werner (Eds.) <em>The biology of diatoms.</em> Blackwell Science Publications, Oxford, London, Melbourne, pp. 284–332</p>
<p>Petersen, J.B. (1928) The aerial algae of Iceland.<em> In: </em>Rosenvinge, L.K. & Warming, E. (Eds.) <em>The botany of Iceland. Vol. II. Part II.</em> Wheldon and Wesley, Copenhagen & London. pp. 328–447.</p>
<p>Ress, J.A. (2012) <em>The ecology of aerial algae. </em>Doctor Philosophy. Thesis, Bowling Green State University.</p>
<p>Stanek-Tarkowska, J., Noga, T., Pajączek, A. & Peszek, Ł. (2013) The occurrence of <em>Sellaphora nana</em> (Hust.) Lange-Bert. Cavacini, Tagliaventi & Alfinito, <em>Stauroneis borrichii</em> (J.B. Petersen) J.W.G. Lund, <em>S. parathermicola</em> Lange-Bert. and <em>S. thermicola</em> (J.B.Petersen) J.W.G. Lund on agricultural soils. <em>Algological Studies</em> 142: 109–120. https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2013/0114</p>
<p>Škaloud, P. (2009) Species composition and diversity of aero-terrestial algae and Cyanobacteria of the Boreč Hill ventaroles. <em>Fottea</em> 9: 65–80. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2009.006</p>
<p>Taylor, J.C., Levanets, A., Blanco, S. & Ector, L. (2010) <em>Microcostatus schoemanii</em> <em>sp. nov.</em>, <em>M. cholnokyi</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>M. angloensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> three new terrestrial diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from South Africa. <em>Phycological Research</em> 58: 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2010.00576.x</p>
<p>Wojtal, A. (2013) Species composition and distribution of diatom assemblages in spring waters from various geological formations in Southern Poland. <em>Bibliotheca Diatomologica</em> 59: 1–436.</p>
<p>Wydrzycka, U. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2001) Las diatomeas (Bacillariophyceae) acidófilas del río Agrio y sitios vinculados con su cuenca, volcán Poás, Costa Rica. <em>Brenesia</em> 55–56: 1–68</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Beyens, L. & Iserentant, R. (2004) <em>Microcostatus zackenbergensis</em> Van de Vijver, Beyens et Iserentant <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>Microcostatus deslooveri</em> Iserentant et Van de Vijver <em>sp. nov.</em>: two new aerophilic diatoms from Greenland and Papua New Guinea. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 78: 389–397. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2004/0078-0389</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Ector, L., de Haan, M. & Zidarova, R. (2010) The genus <em>Microcostatus</em> in the Antarctic Region. <em>Diatom Research</em> 25: 417–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2010.9705860</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Kopalová, K., Zidarova, R. & Cox, E.J. (2013) New and interesting small-celled naviculoid diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from the Maritime Antarctic Region. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 97: 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2013/0101</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B. & Ector, L. (2019) <em>Microcostatus elisabethianus</em>, a new limnoterrestrial diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic region. <em>Plant Ecology and Evolution</em> 152 (3): 539–545. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1600</p>
<p>Van Heurck, H. (1885) <em>Synopsis des Diatomées de Belgique.</em> Texte. 235 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1990</p>
<p>Al-Fredan, M.A. & Fathi, A.A. (2007) Preliminary survey of edaphic algae in Al-Hasa Region, Saudi Arabia. <em>Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences</em> 10: 3210–3214. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2007.3210.3214</p>
<p>Bérard, A., Rimet, F., Capowiez, Y. & Leboulanger, C. (2004) Procedures for determining the pesticide sensitivity of indigenous soil algae: a possible bioindicator of soil contamination? <em>Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology </em>46: 24–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-2147-1</p>
<p>Chattová, B., Lebouvier, M., Syrovátka, V. and Van de Vijver, B. (2021) Moss-inhabiting diatom communities from Ile Amsterdam (TAAF, southern Indian Ocean). <em>Plant Ecology and Evolution</em> 154 (1): 63–79. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2021.1767</p>
<p>Dorokhova, M.F. (2007) Diatoms as indicators of soil conditions in oil production regions. <em>Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies</em> 36: 129–135.</p>
<p>Ettl, H. & Gärtner, G. (1995) <em>Sylabus der Boden-, Luft-und Flechtenalgen.</em> Gustaw Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York, 721 pp.</p>
<p>Johansen, J.R. & Sray, J.C. (1998) <em>Microcostatus </em>gen. nov., a new aerophilic diatom genus based on <em>Navicula krasskei</em> Hustedt. <em>Diatom Research</em> 13: 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1998.9705436</p>
<p>Kopalová, K., Ochyra, R., Nedbalová, L. & Van de Vijver, B. (2014) Moss-inhabiting diatoms from two contrasting Maritime Antarctic islands. <em>Plant ecology and Evolution</em> 147 (1): 67–84. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.896</p>
<p>Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1986) Bacillariophyceae. 1. Teil: Naviculaceae.<em> In: </em>Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Eds.) <em>Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa 2 (1)</em>. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 876 pp.</p>
<p>Krasske, G. (1932) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Diatomeenflora der Alpen. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 72: 92–135.</p>
<p>Kützing, F.T. (1844) Die Kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. Nordhausen: zu finden bei W. Köhne 152 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64360</p>
<p>Lange-Bertalot, H. & Metzeltin, D. (1996) Indicators of oligotrophy. 800 taxarepresentative of three ecologically distinct lake types. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 2: 390 pp.</p>
<p>Lange-Bertalot, H. (1999) Neue Kombinationen von Taxa in der Gattung <em>Microcostatus</em> Johansen & Sray 1998. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 6: 290–291.</p>
<p>Li, Y., Suzuki, H., Nagumo, T., Tanaka, J., Sun, Z. & Xu, K. (2016) <em>Microcostatus salinus</em> <em>sp. nov.</em>, a new benthic diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from estuarine intertidal sediments, Japan. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 245: 51–58. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.245.1.5</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Kociolek, P.J., Wang, Q., Li, L. & Fan, Y. (2021) New and interesting freshwater diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from a biodiversity hotspot area in China. <em>Fottea</em> 21 (1): 16–33. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2020.013</p>
<p>Lund, J.W.G. (1946) Observations on soil algae. I. The ecology, size and taxonomy of British soil diatoms. <em>New Phytologist</em> 45: 56–110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1946.tb05047.x</p>
<p>Lowe, R.L., Kociolek, P., Johansen, J.R., Van de Vijver, B., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Kopalova, K. (2014) <em>Humidophila </em>gen. nov., a new genus for a group of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) formerly within the genus <em>Diadesmis</em>: Species from Hawai’i, including one new species. <em>Diatom Research</em> 29: 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2014.889039</p>
<p>Lowe, R.L., Furey, P.C., Ress, J.A., Johansen, J.R. (2007) Diatom biodiversity and distribution on wet walls in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. <em>Southeastern Naturalist</em> 6 (2): 135–153. https://doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2007)6[135:DBADOW]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H., (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks on biogeographic disjunction. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 18: 1–876.</p>
<p>Patrick, R. (1977) Ecology of freshwater diatoms and diatom communities.<em> In: </em>D. Werner (Eds.) <em>The biology of diatoms.</em> Blackwell Science Publications, Oxford, London, Melbourne, pp. 284–332</p>
<p>Petersen, J.B. (1928) The aerial algae of Iceland.<em> In: </em>Rosenvinge, L.K. & Warming, E. (Eds.) <em>The botany of Iceland. Vol. II. Part II.</em> Wheldon and Wesley, Copenhagen & London. pp. 328–447.</p>
<p>Ress, J.A. (2012) <em>The ecology of aerial algae. </em>Doctor Philosophy. Thesis, Bowling Green State University.</p>
<p>Stanek-Tarkowska, J., Noga, T., Pajączek, A. & Peszek, Ł. (2013) The occurrence of <em>Sellaphora nana</em> (Hust.) Lange-Bert. Cavacini, Tagliaventi & Alfinito, <em>Stauroneis borrichii</em> (J.B. Petersen) J.W.G. Lund, <em>S. parathermicola</em> Lange-Bert. and <em>S. thermicola</em> (J.B.Petersen) J.W.G. Lund on agricultural soils. <em>Algological Studies</em> 142: 109–120. https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2013/0114</p>
<p>Škaloud, P. (2009) Species composition and diversity of aero-terrestial algae and Cyanobacteria of the Boreč Hill ventaroles. <em>Fottea</em> 9: 65–80. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2009.006</p>
<p>Taylor, J.C., Levanets, A., Blanco, S. & Ector, L. (2010) <em>Microcostatus schoemanii</em> <em>sp. nov.</em>, <em>M. cholnokyi</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>M. angloensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> three new terrestrial diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from South Africa. <em>Phycological Research</em> 58: 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2010.00576.x</p>
<p>Wojtal, A. (2013) Species composition and distribution of diatom assemblages in spring waters from various geological formations in Southern Poland. <em>Bibliotheca Diatomologica</em> 59: 1–436.</p>
<p>Wydrzycka, U. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2001) Las diatomeas (Bacillariophyceae) acidófilas del río Agrio y sitios vinculados con su cuenca, volcán Poás, Costa Rica. <em>Brenesia</em> 55–56: 1–68</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Beyens, L. & Iserentant, R. (2004) <em>Microcostatus zackenbergensis</em> Van de Vijver, Beyens et Iserentant <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>Microcostatus deslooveri</em> Iserentant et Van de Vijver <em>sp. nov.</em>: two new aerophilic diatoms from Greenland and Papua New Guinea. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 78: 389–397. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2004/0078-0389</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Ector, L., de Haan, M. & Zidarova, R. (2010) The genus <em>Microcostatus</em> in the Antarctic Region. <em>Diatom Research</em> 25: 417–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2010.9705860</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B., Kopalová, K., Zidarova, R. & Cox, E.J. (2013) New and interesting small-celled naviculoid diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from the Maritime Antarctic Region. <em>Nova Hedwigia</em> 97: 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2013/0101</p>
<p>Van de Vijver, B. & Ector, L. (2019) <em>Microcostatus elisabethianus</em>, a new limnoterrestrial diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic region. <em>Plant Ecology and Evolution</em> 152 (3): 539–545. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1600</p>
<p>Van Heurck, H. (1885) <em>Synopsis des Diatomées de Belgique.</em> Texte. 235 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1990</p>