Abstract
In this study, Helichrysum × kani-isikii (Asteraceae), a new natural hybrid of H. compactum and H. unicapitatum from Babadağ (Denizli, Turkey), is described and investigated in detail for the first time. The new nothospecies is similar to H. compactum and H. unicapitatum, but it has some intermediate morphological and palynological properties that position it between the two putative parents. In the diagnosis of the hybrid, pollen size and shape were found as significant characteristics. Taxonomic, morphological, and palynological characteristics of H. × kani-isikii are compared with those of its putative parents, and some other details are presented with notes on the IUCN category and ecology of the nothospecies. In addition, a key to diagnosing the hybrid from its parental taxa is also provided.
References
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Pınar, M.N. & Dönmez, E.O. (2000) Pollen morphology of some Turkish endemic Helichrysum Gaertner species (Compositae). Pakistan Journal of Botany 32 (2): 295–301.
Prunera-Olivé, J., Galbany-Casals, M., Cremades, J. & Fagúndez, J. (2019) A new hybrid between two alien Helichrysum species (Compositae, Gnaphalieae) from NW Spain. Biological Invasions 21: 1481–1490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-01935-9
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Şenol, S., Secmen, Ö., Öztürk, B. & Galbany-Casals, M. (2011) Helichrysum unicapitatum (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici 48 (2): 145–154. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0207
Smissen, R.D., Bayer, R.J., Bergh, N.G., Breitwieser, I., Freire, S.E., Galbany-Casals, M., Schmidt-Lebuhn, A.N. & Ward, J.M. (2020) A revised subtribal classification of Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Taxon 69 (4): 778–806. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12294
Torres, C. (2000) Pollen size evolution: correlation between pollen volume and pistil length in Asteraceae. Sexual Plant Reproduction 12: 365–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004970000030
Woodhouse, R.P. (1959) Pollen Grains: Their Structure, Identification and Significance in Science and Medicine. Nafner Publishing Company, New York & London, 590 pp.
Aksoy, A. (2012) Helichrysum. In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (Eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul, pp. 163–165.
Bayer, R.J., Breitwieser, I., Ward, J. & Puttock, C.F. (2007) Tribe Gnaphalieae (Cass.) Lecoq & Juillet (1831). In: Kadereit, J.W., Jeffrey, C. (Eds.). The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 8. Springer Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg, pp. 246–284.
Boissier, P.E. (1843a) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum Ser. 1, No. 3. Typographia Ferd. Ramboz, Geneva, 60 pp.
Boissier, P.E. (1843b) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum Ser. 1, No. 1. Typographia Ferd. Ramboz, Geneva, 76 pp.
Boissier, P.E. (1844a) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum Ser. 1, No. 4. Apud B. Hermann, Lipsia, 86 pp.
Boissier, P.E. (1844b) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum Ser. 1, No. 5. Apud B. Hermann, Lipsia, 91 pp.
Coşkun, M.T. (2019) Morphology, micromorphology and palinological studies on the Helichrysum compactum Boiss. (Astraceae). MSc Thesis, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey, 49 pp.
Davis, P.H. & Kupicha, F.K. (1975) Helichrysum Gaertn. In: Davis, P.H. (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 5. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 80–97.
Erdtman, G. (1957) Pollen and Spore Morphology/Plant Taxonomy. An Introduction to Palynology II. Almqvist & Wiksel, Stockholm, 151 pp.
Galbany-Casals, M., Blanco-Moreno, J.M., Garcia-Jacas, N., Breitwieser, I. & Smissen, R.D. (2011) Genetic variation in Mediterranean Helichrysum italicum (Asteraceae; Gnaphalieae): do disjunct populations of subsp. microphyllum have a common origin? Plant Biology 13: 678–687. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00411.x
Galbany-Casals, M., Carnicero Campmany, P., Blanco-Moreno, J.M. & Smissen, R.D. (2012) Morphological and genetic evidence of contemporary intersectional hybridization in Mediterranean Helichrysum (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae). Plant Biology 14: 789–800. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00568.x
Galbany-Casals, M., Garcia-Jacas, N., Sáez, L., Benedí, C. & Susanna, A. (2009) Phylogeny, biogeography, and character evolution in Mediterranean, Asiatic and Macaronesian Helichrysum (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) inferred from nuclear phylogenetic analyses. International Journal of Plant Sciences 170: 365–380. https://doi.org/10.1086/596332
Galbany-Casals, M., Sez, L. & Bened, C. (2006) A taxonomic revision of Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae). Canadian Journal of Botany 84 (8): 1203–1232. https://doi.org/10.1139/b06-082
Galbany-Casals, M., Unwin, M., Garcia-Jacas, N., Smissen, R.D., Susanna, A. & Bayer, R.J. (2014) Phylogenetic relationships in Helichrysum (Compositae: Gnaphalieae) and related genera: Incongruence implications for generic delimitation. Taxon 63: 608–624. https://doi.org/10.12705/633.8
Greuter, W. & von Raab-Straube, E. (2008) Med-checklist: a critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-mediterranean countries. 2. Dicotyledones (Compositae). Med-Checklist Trust of OPTIMA, GeneÌve, 798 pp.
Herrando-Moraira, S., Carnicero, P., Blanco-Moreno, J.M., Sáez, L., Véla, E., Vilatersana, R. & Galbany-Casals, M. (2017) Systematics and phylogeography of the Mediterranean Helichrysum pendulum complex (Compositae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA and morphometric analyses. Taxon 66: 909–933. https://doi.org/10.12705/664.7
IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2014) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
Jahn, R. & Schönfelder, P. (1995) Exkursionsflora für Kreta. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 446 pp.
Koch, M.A., Karl, R. & German, D.A. (2016) Underexplored biodiversity of Eastern Mediterranean biota: systematics and evolutionary history of the genus Aubrieta (Brassicaceae). Annals of Botany 119: 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw204
Kürkçüoğlu, M., Ağalar, H.G., Aksoy, A. & Başer, K.H.C. (2019) Composition of the Essential Oils of Two Endemic Helichrysum Species in Turkey. Records of Natural Products 13 (3): 236–242. https://doi.org/10.25135/rnp.93.18.06.113
Mattfeld, J. (1921) Enumeratio specierum generis Minuartia (L.) emend. Hiern. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 57 (2, Beibl. 126): 27–33.
Miller, P. (1754) The Gardeners Dictionary abridged. Ed. 4. Printed for the author and sold by John and Francis Rivington, London, 529 pp.
Minitab (2010) Minitab 16 Statistical Software. URL: [Computer software]. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc.
Pınar, M.N. & Dönmez, E.O. (2000) Pollen morphology of some Turkish endemic Helichrysum Gaertner species (Compositae). Pakistan Journal of Botany 32 (2): 295–301.
Prunera-Olivé, J., Galbany-Casals, M., Cremades, J. & Fagúndez, J. (2019) A new hybrid between two alien Helichrysum species (Compositae, Gnaphalieae) from NW Spain. Biological Invasions 21: 1481–1490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-01935-9
Ruberto, G., Biondi, D.M., Barbagallo, C., Meli, R. & Savoca, F. (2002) Constituents of stem and flower oils of Helichrysum litoreum Guss., Flavour and Fragrance Journal 17: 46–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1037
Salmeri, C., Brullo, S. & L’Episcopo, L. (2014) Variabilità morfologica e ultrastrutturale delle cipsele delle specie siciliane di Helichrysum (Asteraceae). In: Peruzzi, L. & Domina, G. (Eds.) Floristica, Sistematica ed Evoluzione. Società Botanica Italiana, Firenze, pp. 35‒36.
Şenol, S., Secmen, Ö., Öztürk, B. & Galbany-Casals, M. (2011) Helichrysum unicapitatum (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici 48 (2): 145–154. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0207
Smissen, R.D., Bayer, R.J., Bergh, N.G., Breitwieser, I., Freire, S.E., Galbany-Casals, M., Schmidt-Lebuhn, A.N. & Ward, J.M. (2020) A revised subtribal classification of Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Taxon 69 (4): 778–806. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12294
Torres, C. (2000) Pollen size evolution: correlation between pollen volume and pistil length in Asteraceae. Sexual Plant Reproduction 12: 365–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004970000030
Woodhouse, R.P. (1959) Pollen Grains: Their Structure, Identification and Significance in Science and Medicine. Nafner Publishing Company, New York & London, 590 pp.