Abstract
A novel species, Pogostemon monticola (Lamiaceae; Lamioideae), is described from Taiwan. Phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS and five cpDNA regions supports its monophyletic status and a close relationship with P. amaranthoides, P. chinensis, P. formosanus and P. septentrionalis. Detailed morphological comparison between the new species and the four closely related taxa is presented.