Abstract
Mouretia oblanceolata, discovered in central Vietnam, is described as a new species of the tribe Argostemmateae in the family Rubiaceae. The new species is most similar to Mouretia tonkinensis and M. vietnamensis but differs from them by the following traits: erect to sub-erect habit, abaxially glabrous, obcordate stipules, oblanceolate leaves, 12–16 pairs of lateral veins, terminal, umbrella-like, cymose inflorescences, deltoid calyx lobes, and revolute, deltoid to ovate corolla lobes. The formal description, including color illustrations and basic information of ecology, phenology and conservation status, and a key to all currently known species of the genus are provided here.