Abstract
Camellia langbianensis is a species endemic to southern Vietnam. It was described by Gagnepain based on the collection of Poilane and was rediscovered about 80 years since published. The complete descriptions and illustrations are provided for this species. A comment on the affinities with closely related species C. vidalii is also shown. It is accessed to be Critically Endangered (CR) according to IUCN categories and criteria.