Abstract
Aconitum Linnaeus (1753: 532) (Ranunculaceae) consists of about 400 species and is widely distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Tamura 1993, Brink & Woods 1997, Li & Kadota 2001, Luo et al. 2005). This genus has been usually divided into three subgenera: A. subg. Aconitum, A. subg. Lycoctonum (Candolle 1817: 367) Petermann (1846: 15), and A. subg. Gymnaconitum (Stapf 1905: 178) Rapaics (1907: 139) (Bisset 1981, Kadota 1987, Li & Kadota 2001, Lim & Park 2001, Wang et al. 2009). Among them, A. subg. Lycoctonum is perennial and rhizomatous and consists of about 40 species (Tamura 1995, Hong et al. 2017). In the Korean Peninsula, eight species and one variety have been reported in this subgenus (Lim et al. 2017, Korea National Arboretum 2017), of which four species, namely A. pseudolaeve Nakai (1935: 139), A. pteropus Nakai (1937: 400), A. puchonroenicum Uyeki & Sakata (1938: 14), and A. quelpaertense Nakai (1935: 145), are endemic to the Korean Peninsula.
References
<p class="Reference">Bisset, N.G. (1981) Arrow poisons in China. Part II. <em>Aconitum</em>-botany, chemistry, and pharmacology. <em>Journal of Ethnopharmacology</em> 4: 247−336.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(81)90001-5">https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(81)90001-5</a></p><p class="Reference">Brink, D.E. & Woods, J.A. (1997) <em>Aconitum </em>L. <em>In</em>: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) <em>Flora of North America</em>, vol. 3. <em>Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae</em>. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, pp. 191−195.</p><p class="Reference">Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2015a) <em>A Catalogue of Vascular Plant Type Specimens from Korea.</em> Designpost, Goyang-si, 267 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2015b) <em>Botanical Gazetteer for Korean Peninsular Flora (KPF)</em>. Desingpost, Goyang-si, 243 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Candolle, A.P. de (1817) <em>Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale, </em>vol. 1. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 564 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Hong, Y., Luo, Y., Gao, Q., Ren, C., Yuan, Q. & Yang, Q.E. (2017) Phylogeny and reclassification of <em>Aconitum</em> subgenus <em>Lycoctonum</em> (Ranunculaceae). <em>PLoS ONE</em> 12 (1): e0171038.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171038">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171038</a></p><p class="Reference">Im, R.J. (1996) <em>Flora Coreana</em>, vol. 2. The Science and Technology Publishing House, Pyongyang, 311 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Kadota, Y. (1987) <em>A Revision of Aconitum Subgenus Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) of East Asia</em>. Sanwa Shoyaku Co. Ltd., Utsunomiya, 249 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Korea National Arboretum (2017) <em>Checklist of Vascular Plants in Korea</em>. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, 1000 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Li, L.Q. & Kadota, Y. (2001) <em>Aconitum</em> Linnaeus. <em>In</em>: Wu, Z.Y. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vol. 6. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Loius, pp. 149−222.</p><p class="Reference">Lim, C.E. & Park, C.W. (2001) Hybridization in <em>Aconitum</em> subgenus <em>Aconitum</em> at Mt. Sobaek in Korea. <em>Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy</em> 31: 343–358.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2001.31.4.343">https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2001.31.4.343</a></p><p class="Reference">Lim, C.E., Byun, K.R., Lee, J.D., Jung, K.D., Noh, T.K. & Lee, B.Y. (2020) The complete chloroplast genome of <em>Aconitum puchonroenicum</em> Uyeki & Sakata (Ranunculaceae), a rare endemicspecies in Korea. <em>Mitochondrial DNA part B </em>5: 1284–1285.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2020.1734497">https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2020.1734497</a></p><p class="Reference">Lim, C.E., Noh, T.K. & Park, C.W. (2017) <em>Aconitum</em> L. <em>In</em>:<em> </em>Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (Eds.) <em>Flora of Korea</em>, vol. 2a. Magnoliidae-Ranunculaceae. National Institute of Biological Resources of Ministry of Environment, Incheon. pp. 43–56.</p><p class="Reference">Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum, </em>vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Luo, Y., Zhang, F. & Yang, Q.E. (2005) Phylogeny of <em>Aconitum</em> subgenus <em>Aconitum</em> (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequences. <em>Plant Systematics and Evolution</em> 252: 11–25.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-004-0257-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-004-0257-5</a></p><p class="Reference">Nakai, T. (1935) <em>Report of the First Scientific Expedition to Manchoukuo</em>, Section IV, Part II. Office of the Scientific Expedition to Manchoukuo, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 187 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Nakai, T. (1937) Notulae ad plantas Asiae orientalis (1). <em>The Journal of Japanese Botany</em> 13: 393–406.</p><p class="Reference">Park, M.K. (1949) <em>An Enumeration of Korean Plants</em>. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 340 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Petermann, W.L. (1846) <em>Deutschlands Flora mit Abbildungen Sämmtlicher Gattungen auf 100 Tafeln. </em>Georg Wigand’s Verlag, Leipzig, 668 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Poiret, J.L. (1810) <em>Encyclopeìdie Meìthodique. Botanique</em>, Supplement 1. Agasse, Paris, 761 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Rapaics, R. (1907) <em>Növʹenytani Közlemʹenyek</em>. Kir. Magy. Termʹeszettudomʹanyi Tʹarsultat, Budapest, 188 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Seringe, N.C. (1824) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, sive Enumeratio Contracta Ordinum Generum Specierumque Plantarum huc usque Cognitarium, juxta Methodi Naturalis, Normasdigesta. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 745 pp.</em></p><p class="Reference">Stapf, O. (1905) The aconites of India: a monograph. <em>Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta</em> 10: 115–194.</p><p class="Reference">Tamura, M. (1993) Ranunculaceae. <em>In</em>: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G. & Bittrich, V. (Eds.) <em>The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. II. Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons. Magnoliid, Hamamelidand Caryophyllid Families</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 563–583.</p><p class="Reference">Tamura, M. (1995) Ranunculaceae<em>. In</em>: Hiepko, P. (Ed.)<em> Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>, Zweite Aufl. 17a (4). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, pp. 272–312.</p><p class="Reference">Tamura, M. & Lauener, L.A. (1979) A synopsis of <em>Aconitum</em> subgenus <em>Lycoctonum</em>: II. <em>Notes from the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh</em> 37: 431–466.</p><p class="Reference">Turczaninow, N.S. (1842) Flora Balcalensi-Dahurica seu description plantarum in regionibus cis-et transbaicalensibus atque in Dahurica sponte nascentium. <em>Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou</em> 15: 77–83.</p><p class="Reference">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017.Regnum Vegetabile </em>159: 1–254.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018">https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</a></p><p class="Reference">Uyeki, H. & Sakata, T. (1938) Notulae ad plantas Novae Koreae. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica</em> 7: 14–19.</p><p class="Reference">Wang, L., Abbott, R.J., Zheng, W., Chen, P., Wang, Y. & Liu, J. (2009) History and evolution of alpine plants endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: <em>Aconitum gymnandrum</em> (Ranunculaceae). <em>Molecular Ecology</em> 18: 709–721.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04055.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04055.x</a></p><p>Wang, W.T. (1979) <em>Aconitum </em>L. <em>In</em>: Anonymous (Ed.) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae</em>, vol. 27. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 113–326.</p>