Abstract
Miliusa gokhalaei (Annonaceae), a new species from the Western Ghats, India, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished by unequal rounded leaf bases, sessile or shortly pedicellate flowers, thick fleshy petals, glabrous carpel, and included connective of anther. It is closely related to M. indica and M. eriocarpa, with which it shares sub-sessile or shortly petiolate, hairy-nerved leaves, axillary solitary flowers, and flask-shaped carpel with 1–2 ovules. Notes on interrelationships, population structure, conservation status and an identification key to the taxa of Miliusa in peninsular India are also provided.