Abstract
In the course of a taxonomic study of Radula in Brazil, a new species from Bahia and a new variety of R. fendleri from Rio de Janeiro were detected. The new species is characterized by plants irregularly pinnate, leaves oblong-ovate with entire to sinuate margins, cell walls with small trigones at leaf base and midleaf, increasing in size toward the leaf margins, and lobules distant to subimbricate with a rounded base, covering 2/3 to fully overlapping the stem. The new variety differs from the type variety by plants paroicous, leaf cells with trigones small or lacking, and absence of caducous leaves. A full description and illustration of the new taxa as well as comments on morphology, taxonomy, and distribution are provided.