Abstract
Podosphaera thermopsidicola, a new sexual morph form of powdery mildew was discovered on living leaves of Thermopsis barbata Benth. (Fabaceae). It is described, illustrated and compared with other Podosphaera species reported on Fabaceae. The phylogeny of this species has been inferred from partial nuclear ribosomal 28S large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequence data. On the basis of LSU, P. thermopsidicola represents characteristic feature of Podosphaera s. str. Phylogenetically, P. thermopsidicola is closer to P. erigerontis-canadensis but differs in having larger chasmothecia, longer appendages, thick-walled asci, smaller oculi and smaller ascospores.
References
<p class="Reference">Blumer, S. (1933) Die Die Erysiphaceen Mitteleuropas unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schweiz. <em>Beiträge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz </em>7: 1–483.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U. (1987) A monograph of the <em>Erysiphales</em> (powdery mildews). <em>Beiheftezur Nova Hedwigia</em> 89: 1–700.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U. (2011) The current systematics and taxonomy of the powdery mildews (<em>Erysiphales</em>): an overview. <em>Mycoscience</em> 52 (3): 210–212.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-010-0092-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-010-0092-1</a></p><p class="Reference">Braun, U. (2017) Nomenclature of the fungal family name <em>Erysiphaceae</em> revisited. <em>Schlechtendalia</em> 32: 75–77.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U. & Cook, R.T.A. (2012) <em>Taxonomic manual of the Erysiphales</em> (Powdery Mildews). Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS Biodiversity Series No. 11), Utrecht, 707 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U. & Takamatsu, S. (2000) Phylogeny of <em>Erysiphe, Microsphaera, Uncinula</em> (<em>Erysipheae</em>) and <em>Cystotheca, Podosphaera, Sphaerotheca</em> (<em>Cystotheceae</em>) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences – some taxonomic consequences. <em>Schlechtendalia</em> 4: 1–33.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U., Shishkoff, N. & Takamatsu, S. (2001) Phylogeny of <em>Podosphaera</em> sect. <em>Sphaerotheca</em> subsect. <em>Magnicellulatae</em> (<em>Sphaerotheca fuliginea s.lat.</em>) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences–a taxonomic interpretation. <em>Schlechtendalia</em> 7: 45–52.</p><p class="Reference">Braun, U., Takamatsu, S., Heluta, V., Limkaisang, S., Divarangkoon, R., Cook, R.T.A. & Boyle, H. (2006) Phylogeny and taxonomy of powdery mildew fungi of <em>Erysiphe</em> sect. <em>Uncinula</em> on <em>Carpinus</em> species. <em>Mycological Progress</em> 5 (3): 139–153.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-006-0509-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-006-0509-6</a></p><p class="Reference">Cunnington, J.H., Takamatsu, S., Lawrie, A.C. & Pascoe, I.G. (2003) Molecular identification of anamorphic powdery mildews (<em>Erysiphales</em>). <em>Australasian Plant Pathology</em> 32: 421–428.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1071/AP03045">https://doi.org/10.1071/AP03045</a></p><p class="Reference">Hawksworth, D.L. (1974) <em>Mycologist’s handbook</em>. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, 231 pp.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1528(74)80047-7">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1528(74)80047-7</a></p><p class="Reference">Heluta, V.P. (1981) Mestoroda <em>Podosphaera</em> Kunze v sheme vozmozhnyh filogeneticheskih vzaimosvyazey rodov muchnistorosyanyh gribov. <em>Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh i Nizshikh Rastenii</em> 1979: 200–209.</p><p class="Reference">Hirata, T., Cunnington, J.H., Paksiri, K., Limkaisang, S., Shishkoff, N., Grigaliunaite, B., Sato, Y. & Takamatsu, S. (2000) Evolutionary analysis of subsection <em>Magnicellulatae</em> of <em>Podosphaera</em> section <em>Sphaerotheca</em> (<em>Erysiphales</em>) based on the rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences with special reference to host plants. <em>Canadian Journal of Botany</em> 78: 1521–1530.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-124">https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-124</a></p><p class="Reference">Inuma, T., Khodaparast, S.A. & Takamatsu, S. (2007) Multilocus phylogenetic analyses within <em>Blumeria graminis</em>, a powdery mildew fungus of cereals<em>. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 44: 741–751.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.01.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.01.007</a></p><p class="Reference">Ito, M. & Takamatsu, S. (2010) Molecular phylogeny and evolution of subsection <em>Magnicellulatae</em> (<em>Erysiphaceae</em>: <em>Podosphaera</em>) with special reference to host plants. <em>Mycoscience</em> 51: 34–43.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-009-0005-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-009-0005-3</a></p><p class="Reference">Jaczewski, A.A. (1927) <em>Karmanny opredelitel’ gribov</em>. Vyp. 2. <em>Muchnisto-rosyanye griby</em>. <em>Mikologicheskaya Laboratoriya Imeni Professora A.A. Jaczewskogo, Gosudarstvennogo Instituta Opytnoy Agronomii, Leningrad</em>.</p><p class="Reference">Jankovics, T., Bai, Y., Kovács, G.M., Bardin, M., Nicot, P.C., Toyoda, H., Matsuda, Y., Niks, R.E. & Kiss, L. (2008) <em>Oidium neolycopersici</em>: Intraspecific variability inferred from amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and relationship with closely related powdery mildew fungi infecting various plant species. <em>Phytopathology</em> 98: 529–540.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-98-5-0529">https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-98-5-0529</a></p><p class="Reference">Khodaparast, S.A., Takamatsu, S. & Hedjaroude, G.A. (2001) Phylogenetic structure of the genus <em>Leveillula</em> (<em>Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae</em>) inferred from the nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS region with special references to the <em>Leveillula taurica</em> species complex. <em>Mycological Research</em> 105: 909–918.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(08)61946-2">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(08)61946-2</a></p><p class="Reference">Kimura, M. (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. <em>Journal of Molecular Evolution</em> 16: 111–120.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581</a></p><p class="Reference">Kiss, L., Cook, R.T.A., Saenz, G.S., Cunnington, J.H., Takamatsu, S., Pascoe, I., Bardin, M., Nicot, P.C., Sato, Y. & Rossman, A.Z. (2001) Identification of two powdery mildew fungi, <em>Oidium neolycopersici </em>sp. nov. and <em>O. lycopersici</em>, infecting tomato in different parts of the world. <em>Mycological Research</em> 105: 684–697.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201004105">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201004105</a></p><p class="Reference">Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution </em>35: 1547–1549.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096">https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096</a></p><p class="Reference">Kushwaha, P., Singh, R., Chaurasia, B. & Kumar, S. (2017) <em>Phyllactinia braunii</em> sp. nov. (<em>Erysiphales</em>) on <em>Cordia myxa</em> from Central India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 205 (3): 140–148.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.305.3.2">https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.305.3.2</a></p><p class="Reference">Lebeda, A., Mieslerova´, B., Petrzˇelova´, I. & Korbelova´, P. (2013) Host specificity and virulence variation in populations of lettuce powdery mildew pathogen (<em>Golovinomyces cichoracearum</em> <em>s. str.</em>) from prickly lettuce (<em>Lactuca serriola</em>). <em>Mycological Progress</em> 12: 533–545.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0860-8">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0860-8</a></p><p class="Reference">Matsuda, S. & Takamatsu, S. (2003) Evolution of host–parasite relationships of <em>Golovinomyces</em> (Ascomycete: <em>Erysiphaceae</em>) inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics Evolution</em> 27: 314–327.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00401-3">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00401-3</a></p><p class="Reference">Mori, Y., Sato, Y. & Takamatsu, S. (2000a) Evolutionary analysis of the powdery mildew fungi (<em>Erysiphales</em>) using nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. <em>Mycologia</em> 92: 74–93.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2000.12061132">https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2000.12061132</a></p><p class="Reference">Mori, Y., Sato, Y. & Takamatsu, S. (2000b) Molecular phylogeny and radiation time of <em>Erysiphales</em> inferred from the nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. <em>Mycoscience</em> 41: 437–447.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02461662">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02461662</a></p><p class="Reference">Neger, F.W. (1901) BeiträgezurBiologie der Erysipheen. <em>Flora</em> 88: 333–370.</p><p class="Reference">Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2000) <em>Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics</em>. Oxford University Press, New York, 352 pp.</p><p class="Reference">Pastirčáková, K., Jankovics, T., Komáromi, J., Pintye, A. & Pastirčák, M. (2016) Genetic diversity and host range of powdery mildews on <em>Papaveraceae</em>. <em>Mycological Progress</em> 15: 36.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1178-8">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1178-8</a></p><p class="Reference">Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D., Darling, A., Ohna, S.H., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: Effcient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 61: 539–542.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029">https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029</a></p><p class="Reference">Saenz, G.S. & Taylor, J.W. (1999) Phylogeny of the <em>Erysiphales</em> (powdery mildews) inferred from internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences. <em>Canadian Journal of Botany</em> 77: 150–168.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1139/b98-235">https://doi.org/10.1139/b98-235</a></p><p class="Reference">Savile, D.B.O. (1962) <em>Collection and care of botanical specimens</em>. Canadian Department of Agriculture, Publication, Research Branch 1113, pp. 1–124.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53755">https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53755</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S. (2004) Phylogeny and evolution of the powdery mildew fungi (<em>Erysiphales</em>, <em>Ascomycota</em>) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. <em>Mycoscience</em> 45: 147–157.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-003-0159-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-003-0159-3</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S. (2013) Origin and evolution of the powdery mildews (<em>Ascomycota, Erysiphales</em>). <em>Mycoscience</em> 54: 75–86.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2012.08.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2012.08.004</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S. & Kano, Y. (2001) PCR primers useful for nucleotide sequencing of rDNA of the powdery mildew fungi. <em>Mycoscience</em> 42: 135–139.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463987">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463987</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Hirata, T. & Sato, Y. (2000) A parasitic transition from trees to herbs occurred at least twice in tribe <em>Cystotheceae</em> (<em>Erysiphaceae</em>): evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA. <em>Mycological Research</em> 104 (11): 1304–1311.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756200003014">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756200003014</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Braun, U., Limkaisang, S., Kom-Un, S., Sato, S. & Cunnington, J.H. (2007) Phylogeny and taxonomy of the oak powdery mildew <em>Erysiphe alphitoides sensu lato</em>. <em>Mycological Research</em> 111: 809–826.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.05.013">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.05.013</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Inagaki, M., Niinomi, S., Khodaparast, S.A., Shin, H.D., Grigaliunaite, B. & Havrylenko, M. (2008) Comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis and evolution of the genus <em>Phyllactinia</em> (<em>Ascomycota</em>:<em> Erysiphales</em>) and its alien genera. <em>Mycological Research</em> 112: 229–315.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.11.014">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.11.014</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Niinomi, S., Harada, M. & Havrylenko, M. (2010) Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal a close coevolutionary relationship between <em>Podosphaera</em> (<em>Erysiphales</em>: <em>Erysiphaceae</em>) and its rosaceous hosts. <em>Persoonia</em> 24: 38–48.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158510X494596">https://doi.org/10.3767/003158510X494596</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Matsuda, S. & Grigaliunaite, B. (2013) Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus <em>Golovinomyces</em> (<em>Ascomycota: Erysiphales</em>) reveals close evolutionary relationships with its host plants. <em>Mycologia</em> 105: 1135–1152.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.3852/13-046">https://doi.org/10.3852/13-046</a></p><p class="Reference">Takamatsu, S., Ito, H., Shiroya, Y., Kiss, L. & Heluta, V. (2015) First comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus <em>Erysiphe</em> (<em>Erysiphales, Erysiphaceae</em>) I. The <em>Microsphaera</em> lineage. <em>Mycologia</em> 107 (3): 475–489.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.3852/15-007">https://doi.org/10.3852/15-007</a></p><p class="Reference">White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J.W. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics–<em>In</em>: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) <em>PCR Protocols, A guide to methods and applications.</em> Academic Press, New York, pp. 315–322.</p><p class="Reference"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1">https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</a></p><p>Zheng, R.Y. (1985) Genera of <em>Erysiphaceae</em>. <em>Mycotaxon</em> 22: 209–263.</p>