Abstract
Crotalaria brachycarpa (Benth.) Burtt Davy ex Verdoorn (1928: 412) is endemic to South Africa, and belongs to C. sect. Crotalaria (Polhill 1982: 288). This combination was based on C. globifera E.Mey. var. brachycarpa Bentham (1843: 581). However, the specific epithet “brachycarpa” was already occupied by C. brachycarpa Bentham (1859: 29), which is included in C. sect. Chrysocalycinae (Benth.) Bak. f. (Flores 2004: 199). Crotalaria brachycarpa Benth. is a very rare species known only from the type and one other collection from Caatinga vegetation in Bahia State, Brazil (Flores & Tozzi 2008).