Abstract
An annotated bibliographic catalogue of Indian red algae (Rhodophyta) occurring in freshwater and estuarine habitats (moist terrestrial soils, ponds, streams, rivers, lakes, large inland brackish water lagoons and coastal estuaries), based on more than a century (1846 to 2017) of publications is presented in a single coherent work for the first time. There have been 81 taxonomic entities (species, varieties and doubtful records), distributed among 21 genera recorded for the vast Indian sub-continent. Species distribution among the 21 genera are as follows: Audouinella—12; Balliopsis—1; Batrachospermum—11; Bostrychia—7; Caloglossa—8; Catenella—3; Chroodactylon (including Asterocytis)—2; Chroothece—1; Compsopogon—8, Compsopogonopsis—1; Hildenbrandia—1; Kumanoa—7; Kyliniella—1; Lemanea—6; Nothocladus—1; Polysiphonia—1; Porphyridium—1; Sheathia—1; Sirodotia—4; Thorea—2; and Tuomeya—2. Of the seven currently recognized classes of Rhodophyta, no members of Bangiophyceae, Cyaniodiophyceae, or Rhodellophyceae are recorded from India. For each taxon, the following information is provided: (i) valid and currently accepted binomial (ii) synonyms as applicable to Indian records (iii) references with distribution in India and (iv) brief notes. Descriptions of new species based on Indian collections (holotypes) are indicated and some new combinations were made, when necessary. Several generic records (e.g., Balliopsis, Hildenbrandia, Kyliniella, Nothocladus and Tuomeya) and some species records (e.g. Batrachospermum longiarticulatum, Lemanea australis, L. catenata, L. fluviatilis, L. mamillosa, L. torulosa and Thorea hispida) warrant detailed confirmatory data based on reinvestigation of fresh collections for morphology, reproduction and particularly molecular data to confirm the presence in the country. Future collections, especially in the Indian Biodiversity Hotspots (Indo-Burma, Western and Eastern Ghats and Andaman & Nicobar Islands), may uncover the occurrence of genera such as Bangia, Cyanidium and Nemalionopsis known to be present in neighbouring countries of Pakistan, Nepal and Thailand. Geothermal (acidic) hot water springs in India may reveal the presence of extremophilic unicellular red algal genera like Cyanidium, Cyanidioschyzon and Galdieria of the Cyanidiophyceae. Two maps showing the political and biogeographic zones of India are included. The need to preserve holotype and duplicate/voucher specimens with GPS data of future collections of red algal groups in a centralized national facility is also highlighted.
References
Aboal, M., Chapuis, I., Paiano, M., Sánchez, P., West, J.A., Whitton, B. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2018) Diversity of Chroothece (Rhodophyta, Stylonematales) with description of two new species. European Journal of Phycology 53: 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1402374
Aboal, M., García-Fernández, M.E., Roldán, M. & Whitton, B.A. (2014a) Ecology of Chroothece richteriana (Rhodophyta) in the highly calcareous Río Chícamo, south-east Spain. European Journal of Phycology 49: 83–96.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2014.893018
Aboal, M., González-Silvera, D., Mónica Roldán, M., Hernández-Mariné, M., López-Jiménez, J.A. & Whitton, B.A. (2014b) The freshwater alga Chroothece richteriana (Rhodophyta) as a potential source of lipids. Food Chemistry 162: 143–148.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.036
Agostinho, D.C. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2014) Systematics of the section Virescentia of the genus Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in Brazil. Phycologia 53: 561–570.
https://doi.org/10.2216/PH14-034.1
Anand, V.K. (1980) On Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne. Phykos 19: 222–223.
Atkinson, G.F. (1890) Monograph of the Lemaneaceae of the United States. Annals of Botany 4: 177–229.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090559
Babu, B. & Baluswami, M. (2005) Tuomeya americana (Kuützing) Papenfuss, a fresh-water red alga, new to India. Indian Hydrobiology 8: 1–4.
Báez, J.C., Olivero, J., Real, R., Vargas, J.M. & Flores-Moya, A. (2005) Analysis of geographical variation in species richness within the genera Audouinella (Rhodophyta), Cystoseira (Phaeophyceae) and Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in the western Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina 48: 30–37.
https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2005.012
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1975) “Elimination cells” in the Batrachospermaceae. Current Science 44: 436–437.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980a) Cytology and life-history of Batrachospermum mahabaleshwarensis Balakrishnan et Chaugule. Cryptogamie Algologie 1: 83–97.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980b) Morphology and life-history of Batrachospermum kylinii nov. sp. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 59: 291–300.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980c) Indian Batrachospermaceae. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, T.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Chennai, pp. 223–248.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (2002) Checklist of algae. In: Jagtap, A.P. & Singh, N.P. (Eds.) Biodiversity of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra. Bishen Singh Mahendrapal Singh, Dehra Dun, pp. 38–40 & 113–122.
Baluswami, M. (2009) Algal diversity of Tamil Nadu: Bio-Diversity, Algal Database, Environmental Information Centre, Department of Environment, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, [Envis] pp. 1–185.
Baluswami, M. & Babu, M. (1999a) The structure and reproduction of Sirodotia iyengarii sp. nov. In: Subba-Rangiah, G. (Ed.) Recent Trends in Algal Research. Department of Botany, Andhra University, Waltair, pp. 237–244.
Baluswami, M. & Babu, M. (1999b) The structure and reproduction of Batrachospermum umamaheswararaoi sp. nov. In: Subba-Rangiah, G. (Ed.) Recent Trends in Algal Research. Department of Botany, Andhra University, Waltair, pp. 245–254.
Banerjee, K., Ghosh, R., Homechaudhuri, S. & Mitra, A. (2009) Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of red seaweed (Catenella repens) from Gangetic delta, northeast coast of India. Journal of Earth Systems Science 118: 497–505.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-009-0045-2
Bardoloi, R.F. (1986) Studies on the algal flora of Assam and Meghalaya. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Madras. pp. 173–179.
Bhat, F.A.Yousuf, A.R.Aftab, A., Arshid, J., Mahdi, M.D. & Balkhi, M.H. (2011) Ecology and biodiversity in Pangong Tso (lake) and its inlet stream in Ladakh, India. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 3: 501–511.
Bhat, S.V., Melo, J.S., Chaugule, B.B. & D’Souza, S.F. (2008) Bioabsorption characteristics of Uranium (VI) from aqueous medium onto Catenella repens, a red alga. Journal of Hazardous Materials 158: 628–635.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.042
Bhosale, R.A., Rout, J. & Chaugule, B.B. (2012) The ethnobotanical study of an edible freshwater red alga, Lemanea fluviatilis (Linnnaeus) C. Agardh from Manipur, India. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 10: 69–76.
https://doi.org/10.17348/era.10.0.069-076
Bino-Devi, C.H., Sharat Singh, N.K., Rajmuhon Singh, N., Rajendro Singh, N., Sudarshan Chakraborty, A. & Ram, S.S. (2011) Trace elements in Nunghsam, the red edible algae of Manipur. International Journal of Applied Biological and Pharmaceutical Technology 2: 199–203.
Biswas, K. (1926) Flora of Salt Lakes, Calcutta. Journal of Department of Science, University of Calcutta 8: 1–47.
Biswas, K. (1927) Aquatic vegetation of Bengal in relation to supply of oxygen to the water. Journal of Deptartment of Science, University of Calcutta 8: 49–56.
Biswas, K. (1932a) Algal flora of the Chilka Lake. Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 11: 165–198.
Biswas, K. (1932b) Census of Indian algae. Scope of algological studies in India. Revue Algologique 6: 197–219.
Biswas, K. (1934a) Observations on algal collections from Khasia and Jaintia Hills, Assam, India. Hedwigia 74: 1–28.
Biswas, K. (1934b) Progress of Algological studies in India. Current Science 3: 237–241.
Biswas, K. (1949) Common fresh and brackish water algal flora of India and Burma.vol. 2. Records of the Botanical Survey of India 15: 1–106.
Boedeker, C., O’Kelly, C.J., West, J.A., Hanyuda, T., Neale, A., Wakana, I. & Wilcox.M.D. (2017) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the genus Wittrockiella (Pithophoraceae, Cladophorales), including the descriptions of W. australis sp. nov. and W. zosterae sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 52: 905–928.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12457
Bordoloi, R.F. (1986) Studies on the algal flora of Assam and Meghalaya. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) International Symposium on Taxonomy of Algae, University of Madras, Madras, pp. 173–179.
Børgesen, F. (1933) Some Indian Rhodophyceae especially from the shores of the presidency of Bombay- III. Bulletin Miscellaneous Information of the Royal Botantic Gardens, Kew 113–142.
https://doi.org/10.2307/4113528
Børgesen, F. (1938) Catenlla nipae used as food in Burma. Journal of Botany (London) 76: 265–271.
Bourrelly, P. (1985) Les Algues d’Eau Douce, Initiaion à la systématique. Tome III. Les Algues Blues et Rouges les Eugléniens, Peridiniens, et Cryptomanodines. Réimpression revue et augumentée (Reprinted and revised version). Société nouvelle des Editions, Boubée, Paris, 609 pp.
Brodie, J. & Zuccarello, G.C. (2006) Systematics of the species rich algae: Red Algal Classification, Phylogeny and Speciation. In: Hodkinson, R., Parnell, J. & Waldren, S. (Eds.) “Towards the tree of life: Taxonomy and Systematics of species rich taxa” CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 317–330.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420009538.ch20
Brühl, P. & Biswas, K. (1923) Commentiones Algologicas III. On a species of Compsopogon growing in Bengal. Journal of the Department of Science, University of Calcutta 5: 1–6.
Brühl, P. & Biswas, K. (1927) Commentiones Algologicas IV. Compsopogon lividus (Hooker) De Toni. Journal of the Department of Science, University of Calcutta : 8: 8–13.
Caisová, L. & Kopecký, J. (2008) Relation of Pleruocapsa cuprea Hansgrig to the genus Hildenbrandia (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 47: 404–415.
https://doi.org/10.2216/PH07-70.1
Capek, P., Matulová, M. & Combouriew, B. (2008) The extracellular proteoglycan produced by Rhodella grisea. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 43: 390–393.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.07.015
Carmona, J.J. & Beltrán, Y. (2007) Las algas rojas de aquas continentales en la región central de Mexico. 1ª Edición. Universidad Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico, 50 pp.
Carmona, J.J., Montejano, G.Z. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2006) Ecology and morphological chracterization of gametophyte and “Chantransia” stages of Sirodotia huillensis (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) from a stream in central Mexico. Phycological Research 54: 108–115.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2006.00417.x
Carmona, J.J. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2001) A new species and expanded distributions of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Central Mexico and southeastern Brazil. European Journal of Phycology 36: 217–226.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967026201003195
Carmona, J.J., Perona, E., Sanchez-Diaz, E. & Loza, V. (2011) Morphological and ecological characterization of Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta) in the Jarama Basin, Iberian Peninsula. Limnetica 30: 117–128.
Chacko, P.I., Abraharm, J.G. & Andal, R. (1953) Report on a survey of the Flora, Fauna and Fisheries of the Pulicat Lake, Madras state, India, 1951–1952. Contributions of Freshwater Fish Biology Station 8: 1–20.
Chakraborty, T., Mukhopadhyay, M. & Pal, R. (2010) Micro algal diversity of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Indian Hydrobiology 12: 204–224.
Chakraborty, S. & Santra, S.C. (2008) Biochemical composition of eight benthic algae collected from Sunderban. Indian Journal of Marine Science 37: 329–332.
Chapuis, I.S., NecchI, O. Jr., Zuccarello, G.C., Xie, S.-L., Aboal, M., Sanchez-Castillo, P.M. & Vis, M.L. (2017) A new genus Volatus and four new species of Batrachospermum sensu stricto (Batrachospermales, Rhoodohphyta). Phycologia 56: 454–468.
https://doi.org/10.2216/16-73.1
Chaturvedi, U.K., Bhatnagar, S.K. & Pandey, U.C. (1979) On Batrachospermum from Rohilkhand division, U.P., India. Phykos 18: 53–56.
Chaugule, B.B. (1980) Morphology and life history of a new species of Batrachospermum from Kas (Maharshtra). Maharashtra Viswa Mahavidyalaya (M.V.M.) Patrika 15: 1–8.
Chaugule, B.B. (2004) Diversity of freshwater red algae in the Western Ghats and associated areas between latitudes 15° N- 21° N. National Symposium on Biology and Biodiversity of Fresh Water algae. Centre Advanced Studies in Botany University of Madras, India. pp. 68–69.
Chaugule, B.B. & Lobo, J. (1990) A report on Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh from Guhakar Indian stream. Indian Botanical Reptreoire 9: 4–6.
Chiasson, W.B., Machesky, N.J. & Vis, M.L. (2003) Phylogeography of Batrachospermum helminthosum (Rhodophyta) in North America. Journal of Phycology 38: 3–4.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.38.s1.87.x
Chou, J.-Y. & Wang, W.-L. (2006) Batrachospermum arcuatum Kylin (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a freshwater red alga newly reported in Taiwan. Taiwania 51: 58–63.
Ciniglia, C., Yoon, H.S., Pollio, A., Pinto, G. & Bhattacharya, D. (2004) Hidden biodiversity of extremophilic Cyanidiales red algae. Molecular Ecology 13: 1827–1838.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02180.x
Das, C.R. (1963) The Compsopogonales in India (A Systematic account of the Indian representatives of the order). Proceedings of the National Institute of Science, India. Part B. Biological Sciences 29 B: 239–243.
Das, S.K. (2016) Dietary use of algae among tribal North-east India: Special reference to the Monpa tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 15: 509–513.
Das, M. & Ramanujam, P. (2010) A comparative study of diversity of algae in coal mine impacted and unimpacted streams of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya. Journal of the Indian botantical society 89: 2014–209.
Das, R.N. & Peters, R. (1990) New Algae to India from Chaibasa (Bihar) In: Raja Rao, V.N. (Ed.) Perspectives in Phycology (M.O.P Iyengar Centenary Celebrations volume) Today & Tomorrow Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 77–81.
Datta, R. & Datta, B.K. (1999) Desiccation induced nitrate and ammonium uptake in the red alga Catenella repens (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 28: 458–460.
Day, S.A., Wickham., R.P., Entwisle, T.J. & Tyler, P.A. (1995) Bibliographic checklist of non-marine algae in Australia. Flora of Australia [Supplementary Series] 4: 1–276.
De, U.S., Dube, R.K. & Prakasa Rao, G.S. (2005) Extreme weather events over India in the last 100 years. Journal of the Indian Geophysical Union 9: 173–187.
Deb, D.B., Krishna, B., Mukherjee, K., Bhattacharya, S., Chowdhury, A.N., Das, H.B. & Singh, T.S.H. (1974a) An edible alga of Manipur (Lemanea australis): Presence of Silver. Current Science 43: 629.
Deb, D.B., Krishna, B. &. Singh, T.S.H. (1986b) Life history of a Lemanea species from Manipur. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Madras, pp. 212–221.
Desikachary, T.V. (1959) Cyanophyta. Indian Council of Agricultural Reseach (ICAR) Monogrphas on Algae, New Delhi, 687 pp.
Desikachary, T.V. (2004) Commentary: M. O. P. Iyengar (1886–1963) Journal of Biosciences (Indian Academy of Sciences) 29: 225–230.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02702604
Desikachary, T.V. & Iyengar, M.O.P. (1981) Volvocales. Indian Council of Agricultural Reseach (ICAR) Monogrphas on Algae, New Delhi, 532 pp.
Desikachary, T.V., Krishnamurthy, V. & Balakrishnan, M.S. (1990) Rhodophyta. vol. 1. Madras Science Foundation, Madras, 279 pp.
Desikachary, T.V., Krishnamurthy, V. & Balakrishnan, M.S. (1998) Rhodophyta, vol. II, Madras Science Foundation, Madras, 359 pp.
Desikachary, T.V. & Prema, P. (1996) Silicoflagellates. Bibliotheca Phycologica 100: 1–314.
De Toni, G.B. (1897) Sylloge Algarum. vol. IV, Section (1), Patavii, pp. 1–388.
De Toni, G.B. (1903) Sylloge Algarum. vol. IV, Section (3), Patavii, pp. 777–1522.
Dhanalakshmi, K., Babu, B., Nicodemus, A., Nagarajan, B. & Baluswami, M. (2009) Thorea hispida (Thore) Desvaux Emend. Sheath, Vis et Cole from Little Andaman, India. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Algal Biomass, Resources and Utilization.pp. 35–42.
D’Lacoste., L.G. & Ganesan, E.K. (1987) Notes on Venezuelan freshwater red algae. Nova Hedwigia 45: 263–281.
Dittami, S.M., Heesch, S., Olsen, J.L. & Collen, J. (2017) Transitions between marine and freshwater environments provide new clues about the origins of multicellular plants and algae. Journal of Phycology 53: 731–745.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12547
Drew, K.M. & Ross, R. (1965) Some generic names in the Bangiophycidae. Taxon 14: 93–99.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1216459
Durmaz, Y., Monterio, M., Bandarra, N., Gökpinar, S. & Isik, O. (2007) The effect of low temperature on fatty acid composition and tocopherols of the microalga Porphyridium cruentum. Journal of Applied Phycology 19: 223–227.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-006-9127-6
Easa, P.S. (2004) Biodiversity documentation for Kerala. Part 1. Algae. Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Kerala, 106 pp.
Eggert, A., Raimund, S., Michalik, D., West, J.A. & Karsten, U. (2007) Ecophysiological performance of the primitive red alga Dixoniella grisea (Rhodellophyceae) to irradiance, temperature and salinity stress: growth responses and the osmotic role of mannitol. Phycologia 46: 22–28.
https://doi.org/10.2216/06-12.1
Elaya Perumal, U., Chaugule, B.B. & Meshram, B.G. (2014) Batrachospermum chauhanii sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) a freshwater red alga from the Western Ghats of India. National Seminar on “The Taxonomy and Ecology of Freshwater Algae: Department of Botany, St. Albert’s College, Ernakulam, India, 13 pp. [Abstract]
Elaya Perumal, U., Uma Rani, V. & Chaugule, B.B. (2015) Studies on a red alga Sirodotia huillensis (Batrachospermaceae) from Orissa State, India. Journal of Theoretical and Experimental Biology 11: 45–50.
Eloranta, P. & Kwandrans, J. (2007) Freshwater Red Algae. Rhodophyta. Identification guide to European taxa, particularly to those found in Finland. Norrilina 15: 1–103.
Eloranta, P., Kwandrans, J. & Kusel-Fetzmann, E. (2011) Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae. In: Schagerl, M. (Ed.) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Band 7. Freshwater flora of Central Europe. Spectrum Akademischer Verlag. Heidelberg, pp. 1–155.
Entwisle, T.J., Skinner., S., Lewis, S.H. & Foard, H.J. (2007) Algae of Australia: Introduction, Batrachospermales, Thoreales, Oedogoniales and Zygnemaceae. Australian Biological Research Study & CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne 1–26, 200 pp.
Entwisle, T.J., Johnston, E.T., Lam, D.W., Stewart, S.A. & Vis, M.L. (2016) Nocturama gen. nov., Nothocladus s. lat. and other taxonomic novelties resulting from the further resolution of paraphyly in Australasian members of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 52: 384–396.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12401
Entwisle, T.J., Vis, M.L., Chiasson, W.B., Necchi, O. Jr. & Sherwood, A.R. (2009) Systematics of the Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta): a synthesis. Journal of Phycology 44: 704–715.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00686.x
Evans, J.R., Chapuis, I.S. & Vis, M.L. (2017) Adding to the freshwater red algal diversity in North America: Lympha mucosa gen. et sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Algae 32: 171–179.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2017.32.9.8
Faridi, M.A.F. (1975) Batrachospermum in Pakistan. Biologia 21: 107–109.
Feng, J., Xie, S.-L. & Yao, G. (2007) Tuomeya Harvey, a genus of freshwater Rhodophyta newly recorded from China. Acta Phytotaxica Sinica 45: 719–726.
https://doi.org/10.1360/aps06074
Flint, L.H. (1953) Kyliniella in America. Phytomorphology 3: 76–80.
Freshwater, D.W., Fredericq, S., Butler, B.S., Hommersand, M.H. & Chase, M.W. (1994) A gene phylogeny of the red algae (Rhodophyta) based on plastid rbcL. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91: 7281–7285.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.15.7281
Furnari, G., Giaccone, G., Cormaci, M., Alongi, G. & Serio, D. (2003) Biodiversità Marina delle coste Italiane: Catalogo del Macrofitobenthos. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 10: 1–482.
Gaikwad, M.S., Meshram, B.G. & Chaugule, B.B. (2009) On occurrence of the genus Porphyridium Nageli: New to India. Journal of Algal Biomass Utilization 1: 102–106.
Ganesan, E.K. & West, J.A. (2013) Nomenclatural changes for some freshwater red algae from India. Algae 28: 45–51.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.045
Ganesan, E.K., West, J.A., Zuccarello, G.C., Loiseaux de Goër, S. & Rout, J. (2015) Lemanea manipurensis sp. nov. (Batrachospermales), a freshwater red algal species from North-East India. Algae 30: 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2015.30.1.001
Ganesan, E.K., West, J.A. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2016) The Green Planet: Past, Present and Future. (Status of Freshwater Red Algal Research in India: Conventional and Contemporary Approaches: A Critique). International Conference, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 200 pp.
Garbary, D.J. (1987) The Acrochaetiaceae (Rhodophyta): An Annotated Bibliography. Bibliotheca Phycologica 77: 1–267.
García-Fernández, M.E., Chapuis, I.S. & Aboal, M. (2012) Kyliniella latvica Skuja (Stylonmetophyceae) –un rodofito indicador de buena calidad del agua. Limnetica 31: 341–348.
Ghosh, A., Schmidt, S., Fickert, T. & Nüsser, M. (2015) The Indian Sundarban Mangrove Forests: History, Utilization, Conservation Stratagies and Local Perception. Diversity 7: 149–169.
https://doi.org/10.3390/d7020149
Gogate, S.S., Shah, S.M. & Unni, C.K. (1975) Strontium, Calcium and Magnesium contents of some marine algae from the west coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India 17: 28–33.
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2017) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from: http://www.algaebase.org (accessed 30 June 2017)
Gupta, R.K. (2005) Algal flora of Dehradun district, Uttaranchal. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 298 pp.
Gupta, R.K. & Ambarish, K. (2004) Freshwater red algae from Dehradun, Uttaranchal, India. Phytotaxonomy 4: 135–137.
Gupta, A. & Singh, R.M. (2012) Lemanea in lotic environment of Manipur, North-East India: distribution, ecology and need for conservation of Lemanea. Lamhat Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken, 80 pp.
Haga, M. & Leghari, M.K. (1995) A freshwater red alga Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) Ag. from Kawai, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Cryptogams of the Himalayas 3: 29–35.
Hall, M.M. & Vis, M.L. (2002) Genetic variation in Batrachospermum helminthosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) among and within stream reaches using intersimple sequence repeat molecular markers. Phycological Research 50: 155–162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2002.tb00146.x
Hanyuda, K., Suzawa, Y., Suzawa, T., Arai, S., Sato, H., Ueda, K. & Kumano, S. (2004) Biogeography and Taxonomy of Batrachospermum helminthosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in Japan, inferred from rbcL gene sequences. Journal of Phycology 40: 581–588.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2004.03159.x
Harper, J.T. & Saunders, G.W. (2001) Molecular systematics of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta) using nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequence data. Journal of Phycology 37: 1073–1082.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.00160.x
Hegde, G.R. & Somanna, K. (1992) Freshwater algae of Karnataka-II. Phykos 30: 49–54.
Hla Cho, D. & Nyunt, U.T. (1986) Extraction of a phycocolloid from the red seaweed Catenella and its possible use for economic purposes. Burma Research Congress: 1–8.
Hu, H. & Wei, Y. (2006) The Freshwater Algae of China: Systematics, Taxonomy and Ecology. Science Press, Beijing, 1023 pp.
Israelson, G. (1942) The freshwater Florideae of Sweden. Studies on their taxonomy, ecology and distribution. Symbolae Botanicae Upasaliensis 6: 1–134.
Irvine, L. (1976) Appendix II. In: Parke, M. & Dixon, P.S. (Eds.) Check-list of Briish Marine Algae-third revision. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 56: 590.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1972) Subaerial algae of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 1: 13–64.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1974) The algal flora of Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 2: 11–36.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1992) Freshwater red algae of Bangladesh. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Science) 18: 29–46.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1928) Algal work in India. Presidential address. Section Botany. Proceedings of the 15<sup>th</sup> Indian Science Congress. 207.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1957) Algology. Progress of Science in India. Section 6. Botany. Proceedings of the National Institue of Sciences of India. 229–251.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1985) On a Chroothece from Madras. Seaweed Research & Utilisation Journal 8: 1–3.
Jadiye, S.U. (2006) New record of Catenella impudica from Alibauh coast of Maharashtra, India. Journal of Economic & Taxonomic Botany 30: 705–708.
Jaiswal, A.G. & Pathak, R.R. (2005) Red algae- Compsopogon aeruginosus J. Ag. Kützing var. catenatum Yadav & Pandey from Sakri, District Dhule, Maharashtra. Proceedings of the National Conference on Plant Diversity & Biotechnology 42–44.
Jar -San, J.S. & Soe-Htun, U. (2015) Systematics of the genus Polysiphonia Greville (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Setse and Kyaikkhami coastal areas, Thanlwin river mouth, Myanmar. Journal of Marine Biology and Aquaculture 1: 1–17.
https://doi.org/10.15436/2381-0750.15.002
Ji, L., Feng, J., Chen, L. & Xie, S. (2011) A molecular and morphological investigation of Batrachospermum arcuatum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in China. Aquatic Botany 95: 254–257.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.08.001
Ji, L., Xie, S., Feng, J., Chen, L. & Wang, J. (2014) Molecular systematics of four endemic Batrachospermaceae (Rhodophyta) species in China with multilocus data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 52: 92–100.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12058
John, J. & Francis, M.S. (2007) Investigation in the algal flora of Thodupuzha taluk, Kerala. Indian Hydrobiology 10: 79–86.
John, S. & Panikkar, M.V.N. (2003) Some selected species of freshwater algae from the flowing waters. National Symposium on Algae & Environment. Thiruvanathapuram, India, 89 pp.
Johnston, E.T., Lim, P.-E., Buhari, N., Keil, E.J., Djawad, M.I. & Vis, M.L. (2014) Diversity of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in Malaysia and Indonesia from morphological and molecular data. Phycologia 53: 329–341.
https://doi.org/10.2216/13-223.1
Jose, L. & Patel, R.J. (1990a) Caloglossa ogasawaraensis (Rhodophyta, Delesseriaceae), a new fresh water Rhodophyceae new to India. Cryptogamie Algologie 11: 225–228.
Jose, L. & Patel, R.J. (1990b) A new fresh water species of Acrochaetium (Acrochaetium keralayensis sp. nov.) from India. India Botanical Contributions 7: 177–180.
Kaczmarczyk, D., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1992) Distribution and systematics of the freshwater genus Tuomeya (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermaceae) Journal of Phycology 28: 850–855.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00850.x
Kamiya, M., Tanaka, J. & Hara, Y. (1997) Comparative morphology, crossability, and taxonomy within the Caloglossa continua (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) complex from the western Pacific. Journal of Phycology 33: 97–105.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1997.00097.x
Kamiya, M., Tanaka, J., King, R.J., West, J.A., Zuccarello, G.C. & Kawai, H. (1999) Reproductive and genetic distinction between broad and narrow entities of Caloglossa continua (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 38: 356–367.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-38-5-356.1
Kamiya, M., West, J.A., Karsten, U. & Ganesan, E.K. (2016) Molecular and morphological delineation of Caloglossa beccarii and related species (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 55: 640–649.
https://doi.org/10.2216/16-19.1
Kamiya, M., Zuccarello, G.C. & West, J.A. (2003) Evolutionary relationships of the genus Caloglossa (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) inferred from large-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences, morphological evidence and reproductive compatibility, with description of a new species from Guatemala. Phycologia 42: 478–497.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-42-5-478.1
Kamiya, M., Zuccarello, G.C. & West, J.A. (2004) Phylogeography of Caloglossa leprieurii and related species (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) based on the rbcL gene sequences. Japanese Journal of Phycology 52: 147–151.
Kannan, L. & Thangaradjou, T. (1998) Seaweeds and Seagrasses of Porto Novo. Centre for Advanced. Studies in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 46 pp.
Kant, S. & Gupta, R.K. (1998) Algal Flora of Ladakh. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 341 pp.
Kant, S. & Vora, S. (1999) Algal flora of J & K State. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 78: 51–64.
Karsten, U., West, J.A. & Ganesan, E.K. (1993) Comparative physiological ecology of Bostrychia moritziana (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from freshwater and marine habitats. Phycologia 32: 401–409.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-32-6-401.1
Kathiresan, K. & Qasim, S.Z. (2005) Biodivesity of Mangrove Ecosystems. Hindusthan Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 251 pp.
Kathiresean, S., Sarada, R., Bhattacharya, S. & Ravishankar, G.A. (2006) Culture media optimization for growth and phycoerythrin production from Porphyridium purureum. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 96: 456–463.
https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21138
Keil, E.J., Macy, T.R., Kwandrans, J., Eloranta, P., Tomas, P., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2015) Phylogeography of Batrachospermum gelatinosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) shows postglacial expansion in Europe. Phycologia 54: 176–182.
https://doi.org/10.2216/14-112.1
Khan, M. (1970) On two freshwater red algae from Dehra Dun. Hydrobiologia 35: 249–253.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00181730
Khan, M. (1972) On Lemanea, a freshwater alga new to India. Proceedings Indian Science Congress Association 59: 293.
Khan, M. (1973) On edible Lemanea Bory de St. Vincent, a freshwater red alga from India. Hydrobiologia 43: 171–175.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014264
Khan, M. (1974) On a freshwater Hildenbrandia Nardo from India. Hydrobiologia 44: 237–240.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00187272
Khan, M. (1978) On Thorea Bory (Nemalionales, Rhodophyta), a freshwater red alga new to India. Phykos 17: 55–58.
Khan, M. (1985) Algal flora of Sultanpur (U.P.) India. Phykos 24: 52–57.
King, R.J. & Puttock, C.F. (1989) Morphology and Taxonomy of Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae/Rhodophyta). Australian Journal of Systematic Botany 2: 1–73.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SB9890001
King, R.J. &. Puttock, C.F. (1994) Morphology and Taxonomy of Caloglossa (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Australian Journal of Systematic Botany 7: 89–124.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SB9940089
Knappe, J. & Huth, V. (2014) Rotalgen des Süßwassers in Deutschland und in angrenzenden Gebieten (Freshwater red algae of Germany and adjacent areas) Bibliotheca Phycologica 118: 1–142.
Kostkevišien?, J. & Luchiute, R. (2005) The freshwater red algae species of Batrachospermum sect. Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) new to Lithuania. Botanica Lithuanica 11: 151–159.
Krayesky, D.M., Norris, J., West, J.A. & Fredercq, S. (2011) The Caloglossa leprieurii-complex (Delesseriaceae, Rhodphyta) in the Americas: the elucidation of overlooked species based on molecular and morphological evidence. Cryptogamie Algologie 32: 37–62.
https://doi.org/10.7872/crya.v32.iss1.2011.037
Krempelhuber, A.V. (1869) Beitrag zue Algenflora Indiene von Dr. G. V. Martens in Stuttgart. Flora 52: 233.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1953) On the structure and reproduction of a Compsopogon from Madras. Phytomorphology 3: 369–376.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1957) The early stages of development in four species of Compsopogon. Phytomorphology 7: 398–403.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1961) A note on Compsopogon leptoclados Montagne. Revue Algologique 5: 260–265.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1962a) The morphology and taxonomy of the genus Compsopogon Montagne. Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) London 58: 207–222.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1962b) The formation of “microaplanospores” in Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne. Currerent Science 31: 99–100.
Krishnamurthy, V. & Baluswami, M. (2000) Some new species of algae from India. Indian Hydrobiology 3: 45–48.
Kucera, P., Grulich, V., Frankova, M. & Burgeš, M. (2008) Distrubution of freshwater red algal family Lemaneacae (Rhodophyta) in the Czech Republic: an update. Fottea 8: 125–128.
https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2008.010
Kumano, S. (2002) Freshwater Red Algae of the World. Biopress, Bristol, UK, 375 pp.
Kützing, F.T. (1849) Species Algarum. Brockhous, Leipzig, 922 pp.
Kylin, H. (1956) Die Gattungen der Rhodophyceen. CWK Gleerups, Lund, 673 pp.
Lam, D.W., García-Fernández, M.E., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2013) Polysiphonia subtilissima (Ceramilaes, Rhodophyta) from freshwater habitats in North America and Europe is confirmed as conspecific with marine collections. Phycologia 52: 156–160.
https://doi.org/10.2216/12-085.1
Latt, C.C. & Soe-Htun, U. (2014) The diversity and distribution of the genus Caloglossa J. Agardh (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in Setse and Kyaikkhami coastal areas. Mawlamyine University Research Journal 5: 1–22.
Leghari, M.K. & Ghafar, S.A. (2006) Comparative ecological study of freshwater red algae from various localities of Pakistan. International Journal of Phycology and Phytochemistry 2: 63–70.
Leghari, S.M. (2000) Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C. Ag. Rhodophyta from Nomal and Naltar area near Gilgit, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3: 2048–2050.
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.2048.2050
Lewin, R.A. & Robertson, J.A. (1971) Influence of salinity on the form of Asterocytis in pure culture. Journal of Phycology 7: 236–238.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1971.tb01508.x
Maggs, C.A., Verbruggen, H. & De Clerck, O. (2007) Molecular systematics of red algae: building future structures on firm foundations. In: J. Brodie & Lewis, J. (Eds.) Unravelling the Algae: The Past, Present, and Future of Algal Systematics. CRC, Boca de Raton, pp. 103–121.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9780849379901.ch6
Magne, F. (1967a) Sur l’existence, chez les Lemanea (Rhodophycées, Nemalionales), d’une type de cycle de développement encore inconnu chez les algues rouges. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences Paris, Ser D, 264: 2632–2633.
Magne, F. (1967b) Sur le dérroulmente et le lieu de la meiose chez les Lémaneacées (Rhodophycees, Nemalionles). Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences Paris, Ser D, 265: 670–673.
Mannino, A.M., Barone, R. & Raimundo, F.M. (2003) First record of Paralemanea catenata (Rhodophyta) from Italian Peninsula. Bocconea 16: 1053–1058.
Martens, G. Von. (1869a) Beitrag zur Algen-flora Indiens. No. I. Flora 52: 233–238.
Martens, G. Von. (1869b) Beitrage zur Algen-Flora Indiens. No. II. Flora 52: 455–456.
Martens, G. Von. (1870a) A third list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, Professor of Botany in Stuttgard, communicated through Mr. S. Kurz. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 1870: 9–12.
Martens, G. Von. (1870b) A fourth list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, Professor of Botany in Stuttgard, communicated through Mr. S. Kurz. Proceedings of the Asiatic Soceity of Bengal 1870: 257–260.
Martens, G. Von. (1871a) A fifth list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, communicated by S. Kurz, Esq. Proceedings of the Asiatic Soceity of Bengal 1871: 170–173.
Martens, G. Von. (1871b) List of algae communicated by Mr. S. Kurz in Burma and adjacent islands. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40: 461–469.
Misra, J.N. & Dey, A.K. (1959) Studies on the freshwater Rhodophyceae (Red Algae) of Uttar Pradesh. Vijyana Parishad Anusandhan Patrika 2: 123–134.
Mitra, A., Banerjee, K & Banerjee, A. (2006) Screening mangroves in search of Astaxanthin; Seshaiyana 14: 1–2.
Mohan, V., Paul, T.V. & Joseph, G. (2014) Freshwater red alga Caloglossa beccarii from Paniyeli Poru, Kerala. In: Plant Systematics and Herbarium Techniques. KKTM Government College, Kodungallur, Kerala, p. 28.
Montagne, C. (1846) Flore d’Algérie. Ordo I. Phyceae Fries. In: Exploration scientifique de l’Algérie pendant les années 1840, 1841, 1842. Durieu De Maisonneuve, M. C. Sciences physiques. Botanique. Cryptogamie 1: 1–197.
Müller, K.M., Vis, M.L., Chiasson, W.B., Whittick, A. & Sheath, R.G. (1997) Phenology of a Batrachospermum population in a boreal pond and its implications for the systematics of section Turfosa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 36: 68–75.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-1-68.1
Mukhopadhyay, A., Chattapadhyay, P. & Pal, R. (2003) Algal diversity of coastal West Bengal in relation to water quality. Seaweed Research and Utilization Journal 25: 69–76.
Mukhopadhyay, A. & Pal, R. (2002) A report on biodiversity of algae from coastal West Bengal (South & North 24-Parganas) and their cultural behaviour in relation to mass cultivation programme. Indian Hydrobiology 5: 97–107.
Muñoz-Gómez, S.A., Mejía-Franco, F.G., Durnim, K., Colp, M., Crisdale, C.J., Archibald, J.M. & Slamovits, C.H. (2017) The new red algal phylum Proteorhodophytina comprises the largest and most divergent plastid genomes known. Current Biology 27: 1677–1684.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.054
Muthukannu, B.A. (1984) Ecological studies of marine algae in the Pitchavaram mangrove (India). M. Phil dissertation. Centre Advanced Studies in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, India, 88 pp.
Nagendran, C.R. (1973) Occurrence of Compsopogon chalybeus Kützing in India. Journal of Mysore University, India 26: 136–137.
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Han, X.J., Lv, J.-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S.-L. (2016a) Molecular identification of Audouinella-like species (Rhodophyta) from China based on three short DNA fragments. Phytotaxa. 246 (2): 107–119.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.2
Nan, F.- R., Feng, J., Lv, J.-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S.-L. (2016b) Evolutionary history of the monospecific Compsopogon genus (Compsopogonales, Rhodophyta). Algae 31: 303–315.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2016.31.10.22
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Han, X.J., Lv, J-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S-L. (2017a) Hildenbrandia jigongshanensis (Hildenbrandiaceae, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater species described from Jigongshan mountain, China. Phytotaxa 292 (3): 243–252.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.3.4
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Lv, J-P., Liu, Q., Fang, K., Gong, C. & Xie, S.-L. (2017b) Origin and evolutionary history of freshwater Rhodophyta: further insights based on phylogenomic evidence. Scientific Reports 7: 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03235-5
Nandi, B. & Rout, J. (2000) Algal flora of different habitats of Dargakona area, Silchar (South Assam). Phykos 39: 43–49.
Narasimha-Rao, G.M. & Subba-Rangaiah, G. (2008) Effect of salinity and temperature on photosynthesis and respiration of some estuarine algae of Godavari estuary, India. Indian Hydrobiology 11: 65–68.
Narasimha-Rao, G.M., Subba-Rangiah, G. & Dora, S. (2008) Spore shedding in Catenella impudica from the Godavary estuary at Bhivravepalem, India. Algae 23: 71–74.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2008.23.1.071
Narasimha -Rao, G.M. & Umamaheswara Rao, M. (1991) Spore discharge in the red algae Bostrychia tenella and Caloglossa leprieurii from the Godavari estuary, India. Journal of Applied Phycology 3: 153–158.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00003697
Narasimha-Rao, G.M. & Vanilla-Kumari, G. (1998) Eco-physiological studies on Bostrychia tenella in Sarada and Varaha estuarine complex. Phykos 36: 89–92.
Necchi, O. Jr. (1990) Revision of the genus Batrachospermum Roth (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermales) in Brazil. Bibliotheca Phycologica 84: 1–201.
Necchi, O. Jr. (2016) Red algae (Rhodophyta) in rivers. In: Necchi Jr., O. (Ed.) River Algae, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 65–91.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31984-1_4
Necchi, O. Jr., Braga, M.R.A. & Moulton, T.P. (1998) Suevey and Distribution of Rhodophyta from Cordoso Island, São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Supplement 123) (Algological Studies) 88: 111–124.
Necchi, O. Jr. & Carmona, J.J. (2002) Somatic meiosis and development of the juvenile gametophyte in members of the Batrachospermales sensu lato (Rhodophyta) Phycologia 41: 340–347.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-41-4-340.1
Necchi, O. Jr., Garcia Fo., A.S., Salomaki., E.D., West, J.A., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2013) Global sampling reveals low genetic diversity within Compsopogon (Compsopogonales, Rhodophyta). European Journal of Phycology 48: 152–162.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2013.783626
Necchi, O. Jr. & Oliveira, M.C. (2011) Phylogenetic affinities of “Chantransia” stages in members of the Batrachospermales and Thoreales (Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 47: 680–686.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.00997.x
Necchi, O. Jr., Paiano, M.O., West, J.A., Ganesan, E.K. & Loiseaux de Goer, S. (2015) Thorea indica sp. nov. (Thoreales, Rhodophyta) from Uttar Pradesh, India. Algae 34: 265–274.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2015.30.4.265
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993a) Systematics of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) in North America. 1. The reddish species. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Algological Studies) 70: 11–28.
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993b) Systematics of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) in North America. 1. The bluish species. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Algological Studies) 71: 13–21.
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993c) Distribution and Systematics of the freshwater genus Sirodotia (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in North America. Journal of Phycology 29: 236–243.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1993.00236.x
Necchi, O. Jr. & Vis, M.L. (2012) Monograph of the genus Kumanoa (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermales). Bibliotheca Phycologica. 116. 1–79.
Necchi, O. Jr., Vis, M.L. & Oliveira, M.C. (2007) Phylogenetic relationship of Sirodotia species (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in North and South America. Cryptogamie Algologie 28: 117–127.
Necchi, O. Jr., West, J.A., Rai, S.K., Ganesan, E.K., Rossignolo, N.L. & Louiseaux de Goër, S. (2016) Phylogeny and morphology of the freshwater red alga Nemalionopsis shawii (Rhodophyta, Thoreales) from Nepal. Phycological Research 64: 11–18.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pre.12116
Necchi, O. Jr. & Zucchi, M.R. (1995) Occurrence of the genus Ballia (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) in freshwaters from Brazil. Hoehnea 22: 231–237.
Necchi, O. Jr. & Zucchi, M.R. (1997) Audouinella macrospora (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) is the ‘Chantransia’ stage of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermaceae). Phycologia 36: 220–224.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-3-220.1
Nedumaran, T. & Perumal, P. (2009) Temporal and spatial variations in the structure of macroalgal communities associated with mangroves of Pichavaram (South India). Botanical Research International 2: 198–205.
Nelson, W.A. & Phillips, L. (1996) The Lindauer legacy: current names for the Algae Novae-Zelanicae Exsiccatae. New Zealand Journal of Botany 34: 553–582.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410136
Nizamuddin, M. (1988) Occurrence of the genus Bangia Lyngbye (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Chitral, North West of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 20: 45–48.
Ott, F.D. (2009) Handbook of the taxonomic names associated with the non-marine Rhodophycophyta. J. Cramer, Germany, 969 pp.
Oza, R.M. & Zaidi, S.H. (2001) A Revised Checklist of Indian Marine Algae. Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 296 pp.
Pal, U.C., Naskar, K.R. & Santra, S.C. (1988) A check-list of algal flora of Sundarban Delta of West Bengal, India. Phykos 27: 48–53.
Palmer, C.M. (1941) Lemanea herbarium packets containing more than one species. Butler University Studies 5: 222–223.
Pandey, U.C. (1978) A note on record of Compsopogon coeruleus in Rohilkhand Division, Uttar Pradesh. Proceedings 65<sup>th</sup> Indian Science Congress, p. 6.
Pandey, U.C. (1983) On a species of Compsopogon growing in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Algae of the Indian subcontinent: a collection of papers. Bibliotheca Phycologica 66: 241–246.
Pandey, U.C. & Chaturvedi, U.K. (1979) Algae of Rohilkand division, U.P., India-V. Phykos 18: 37–43.
Pandey, R.S., Tiwari, G.L. & Pandey, D.C. (1973) Note on two forms of Compsopogon Montagne from the river Yamuna. Current Science 42: 800.
Pandey, R.S., Tiwari, G.L. & Pandey, D.C. (1976) Observations on Compsopogon iyengarii Krishnamurthy (Rhodophyceae). Hydrobiologia 49: 239–244.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014517
Papenfuss, G.F. (1961) The structure and reproduction of Caloglossa leprieurii. Phycologia 1: 8–30.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-1-1-8.1
Patel, R.J. (1965) Compsopogon iyengarii Krishnamurthy from Gujarat. Current Science 34: 644–645.
Patel, R.J. (1970) New freshwater species of Acrochaetium from Gujarat, India (Acrochaetium godwandense sp. nov.) Revue Algologique 10: 30–36.
Patel, R.J. & Francis, M.A. (1968) On Batrachospermum from Gujarat. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, sect. B. 6: 230–233.
Patel, R.J. & Francis, M.A. (1970) Some interesting observations on Compsopogon aeruginosus (J.Ag.) Kützing, a species new to India. Phykos 8: 46–52.
Pentecost, A. (2011) Some observations on travertine algae from Stjáni hot spring, Lýsuhóll, Iceland. Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 741–745.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01327.x
Pentecost, A., Whitton, B.A. & Carter, C.F. (2013) Ecology and morphology of the freshwater red alga Chroothece in the British Isles. Algological Studies 143: 51–63.
https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2013/0137
Pillay, T.V.R., Vijayaraghavan, M.R. & Thakurta, S.C. (1962) An ecological study of benthic flora in brakishwater bheris. Proceedings of the National Institute of Sciences of India 28B: 417–431.
Pingle, S.D. & Deshmukh, B.S. (2005) Some fresh water algae from Amphitheatre of Wilson Dam. Indian Hydrobiology (Supplement) 8: 97–100.
Post, E. (1936) Systematische und plfanzengeographische Notizen zur Bostrychia-Caloglossa-Assoziation. Revue Algologique. 9: 1–84.
Post, E. (1937) Weitere Daten zur Verbreitung des Bostrychietum. Hedwigia 77: 11–14.
Post, E. (1963) Zur verbreitung und Okologie der Bostrychia-Caloglossa-Assoziation. International Revue of Hydrobiology 48: 47–152.
https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19630480105
Prain, D. (1905) The vegetation of the districts of Hughli-Howrah and the 24-Pergunnahs. Records of the Botanical Survey of India 3: 143–339.
Prasad, B.N. (1984) Algal floristics in India and Andamans. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 63: 1–10.
Prasad, B.N. & Malhtora, R.K. (1977) Algal Floristics in India: A Resume. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey, India 19: 279–292.
Pujals, C. (1961) Algunas observacions sobre Asterocytis ornata (C. Agardh) Hamel, Rodoficea nueva para Argentina. Darwinia 12: 365–377.
Radhakrishnan, S. (1976) Some aspects of the distribution and seasonal abundance of macrophytic flora in the brackish lake Pulicat, India. In: Varshney, C.K. & Rzóska, J. (Eds.) Aquatic weeds in south-east Asia. W. Junk, The Hague. pp. 107–117.
Ragan, M.A. & Gutell, R.R. (1995) Are red algae plants? Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 118: 81–105.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1995.tb00463.x
Raikwar, S.K.S. (1962) A new freshwater species of Acrochaetium (A. indica sp. nov.) Revue Algologique 6: 98–104.
Randhawa, M.S. (1960) Historical Review Address. Proceedings of the Symposium of Algology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. pp. 4–24.
Rao, C.S.P. (1959) Cytology of red algae. Proceedings of the Symposium on Algology. UNESCO- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, pp. 37–45.
Rao, C.S.P. (1966) Observations on the cytology of Compsopogon coeruleus Mont. Phykos (M.O.P. Iyengar Memorial Volume) 5: 91–94.
Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2005) Algal flora of Chilika Lake. Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 206 pp.
Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2006) Marine macroalgae of Orissa, east coast of India. Algae 21: 49–59.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2006.21.1.049
Ratha, S.K. & Adhikary, S.P. (2009) Two species of Batrachospermum from Orissa state, eastern India (Note). Algae 24: 61–66.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2009.24.2.061
Ratha, S.K., Jena, M., Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2007) Three ecotypes of Compsopogon coeruleus (Rhodophyta) from Orissa state, east coast of India (Note). Algae 22: 87–93.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2007.22.2.087
Rathnasabapathy, M. (1978) Freshwater Biology of Pulau Tioman. University Press, Kuala Lampur, 150 pp.
Rathnasabapathy, M. & Kumano, S. (1982) Studies on freshwater red algae of Malaysia II. Three species of Batrachospermum from Sungai Gombak and Sungai Pusu, Selangur, West Malaysia. Japanese Journal of Phycology 30: 119–124.
Rieth, A. (1973) Über Chroothece Hansgirg. Archiv für Protistenkunde 115: 75–98.
Rintoul, T.L., Sheath, R.G. & Vis, M.L. (1999) Systematics and biogeography of the Compsopogonales (Rhodophyta) with emphasis on the freshwater families in North America. Phycologia 38: 517–527.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-38-6-517.1
Rodgers, W.A. & Panwar, H.S. (1988) Planning a Wildlife Protected Area of Network in India. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehra Dun, 606 pp.
Rodgers, W.A., Panwar, H.S. & Mathur, V.B. (2002) Wildlife Protected Area Network in India: A Review (Executive summary). Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 44 pp.
Rossignolo, N.L & Necchi, O., Jr. (2016) Revision of section Setacea of the genus Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) with emphasis on specimens from Brazil. Phycologia 55: 337–346.
https://doi.org/10.2216/15-144.1
Rossignolo, N.L., Necchi, O., Jr. & Guiry, M.D. (2017) Atrophycus, a new genus name for “Setacea (De Toni) Necchi & Rossignolo” Notulae Algarum 26: 1–2.
Rout, J., Chaugule, B.B. & Bhosale, R. (2011) Potential of a red alga, Lemanea for use as a source of biofuel. In: Bhatnagar, S.K., Saxena, A. & Krann, S. (Eds.) Algae Biofuel. Stadium Press, New Delhi, pp. 111–115.
Rout, J. & Gaur, J.P. (1994) Composition and dynamics of epilithic algae in a forest stream at Shillong. Hydrobiology 291: 61–74.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00024239
Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M.D. & Kirk, P.M. (2015) A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE. 10: 1–60.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119248
Runcie, J.W., Ritchie, R.J. & Larkum, A.W.D. (2003) Uptake kinetics and assimilation of inorganic nitrogen by Catenella nipae and Ulva lactuca. Aquatic Botany 76: 155–174.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(03)00037-8">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(03)00037-8</a>
Runcie, J.W., Ritchie, R.J. & Larkum, A.W.D. (2004) Uptake kinetics and assimilation of inorganic phosphate by Catenella nipae and Ulva lactuca. Journal of Applied Phycology 16: 181–194.
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JAPH.0000048504.76029.b4
Sahoo, D. (2010) Common Seaweeds of India. I. K. International Publishing House, New Delhi, 196 pp.
Sahoo, D., Sahu, N. & Sahu, D.B. (2003) A critical survey of seaweed diversity of Chilika Lake, India. Algae 18: 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2003.18.1.001
Sahu, J.K. & Adhikary, S.P. (1999) Distribution of seaweeds in Chilika Lake. Seaweed Research & Utilisation Journal 21: 1–5.
Salomaki, E.D., Kwandrans, J., Eloranta, P. & Vis, M.L. (2014) Molecular and morphological evidence for Sheathia gen. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) and three new species. Journal of Phycology 50: 526–542.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12179
Salve, A. & Chaugule, B.B. (2001) Note on the occurrence of Compsopogonopsis (Mont.) Krishnamurthy from India. Indian Hydrobiology 4: 37–38.
Salve, A. & Chaugule, B.B. (2004) National Symposium on “Biology and Biodiversity of Fresh Water Algae (Phenotypic variability in Batrochospermum mahabaleshwarensis Balakrishnan et Chaugule). Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, 133 pp.
Sankaran, V. (1984) Batrachospermum desikacharyi sp. nov. (Rhodophyta) from Valparai, A
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1402374
Aboal, M., García-Fernández, M.E., Roldán, M. & Whitton, B.A. (2014a) Ecology of Chroothece richteriana (Rhodophyta) in the highly calcareous Río Chícamo, south-east Spain. European Journal of Phycology 49: 83–96.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2014.893018
Aboal, M., González-Silvera, D., Mónica Roldán, M., Hernández-Mariné, M., López-Jiménez, J.A. & Whitton, B.A. (2014b) The freshwater alga Chroothece richteriana (Rhodophyta) as a potential source of lipids. Food Chemistry 162: 143–148.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.036
Agostinho, D.C. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2014) Systematics of the section Virescentia of the genus Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in Brazil. Phycologia 53: 561–570.
https://doi.org/10.2216/PH14-034.1
Anand, V.K. (1980) On Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne. Phykos 19: 222–223.
Atkinson, G.F. (1890) Monograph of the Lemaneaceae of the United States. Annals of Botany 4: 177–229.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090559
Babu, B. & Baluswami, M. (2005) Tuomeya americana (Kuützing) Papenfuss, a fresh-water red alga, new to India. Indian Hydrobiology 8: 1–4.
Báez, J.C., Olivero, J., Real, R., Vargas, J.M. & Flores-Moya, A. (2005) Analysis of geographical variation in species richness within the genera Audouinella (Rhodophyta), Cystoseira (Phaeophyceae) and Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in the western Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina 48: 30–37.
https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2005.012
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1975) “Elimination cells” in the Batrachospermaceae. Current Science 44: 436–437.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980a) Cytology and life-history of Batrachospermum mahabaleshwarensis Balakrishnan et Chaugule. Cryptogamie Algologie 1: 83–97.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980b) Morphology and life-history of Batrachospermum kylinii nov. sp. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 59: 291–300.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (1980c) Indian Batrachospermaceae. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, T.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Chennai, pp. 223–248.
Balakrishnan, M.S. & Chaugule, B.B. (2002) Checklist of algae. In: Jagtap, A.P. & Singh, N.P. (Eds.) Biodiversity of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra. Bishen Singh Mahendrapal Singh, Dehra Dun, pp. 38–40 & 113–122.
Baluswami, M. (2009) Algal diversity of Tamil Nadu: Bio-Diversity, Algal Database, Environmental Information Centre, Department of Environment, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, [Envis] pp. 1–185.
Baluswami, M. & Babu, M. (1999a) The structure and reproduction of Sirodotia iyengarii sp. nov. In: Subba-Rangiah, G. (Ed.) Recent Trends in Algal Research. Department of Botany, Andhra University, Waltair, pp. 237–244.
Baluswami, M. & Babu, M. (1999b) The structure and reproduction of Batrachospermum umamaheswararaoi sp. nov. In: Subba-Rangiah, G. (Ed.) Recent Trends in Algal Research. Department of Botany, Andhra University, Waltair, pp. 245–254.
Banerjee, K., Ghosh, R., Homechaudhuri, S. & Mitra, A. (2009) Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of red seaweed (Catenella repens) from Gangetic delta, northeast coast of India. Journal of Earth Systems Science 118: 497–505.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-009-0045-2
Bardoloi, R.F. (1986) Studies on the algal flora of Assam and Meghalaya. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Madras. pp. 173–179.
Bhat, F.A.Yousuf, A.R.Aftab, A., Arshid, J., Mahdi, M.D. & Balkhi, M.H. (2011) Ecology and biodiversity in Pangong Tso (lake) and its inlet stream in Ladakh, India. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 3: 501–511.
Bhat, S.V., Melo, J.S., Chaugule, B.B. & D’Souza, S.F. (2008) Bioabsorption characteristics of Uranium (VI) from aqueous medium onto Catenella repens, a red alga. Journal of Hazardous Materials 158: 628–635.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.042
Bhosale, R.A., Rout, J. & Chaugule, B.B. (2012) The ethnobotanical study of an edible freshwater red alga, Lemanea fluviatilis (Linnnaeus) C. Agardh from Manipur, India. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 10: 69–76.
https://doi.org/10.17348/era.10.0.069-076
Bino-Devi, C.H., Sharat Singh, N.K., Rajmuhon Singh, N., Rajendro Singh, N., Sudarshan Chakraborty, A. & Ram, S.S. (2011) Trace elements in Nunghsam, the red edible algae of Manipur. International Journal of Applied Biological and Pharmaceutical Technology 2: 199–203.
Biswas, K. (1926) Flora of Salt Lakes, Calcutta. Journal of Department of Science, University of Calcutta 8: 1–47.
Biswas, K. (1927) Aquatic vegetation of Bengal in relation to supply of oxygen to the water. Journal of Deptartment of Science, University of Calcutta 8: 49–56.
Biswas, K. (1932a) Algal flora of the Chilka Lake. Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 11: 165–198.
Biswas, K. (1932b) Census of Indian algae. Scope of algological studies in India. Revue Algologique 6: 197–219.
Biswas, K. (1934a) Observations on algal collections from Khasia and Jaintia Hills, Assam, India. Hedwigia 74: 1–28.
Biswas, K. (1934b) Progress of Algological studies in India. Current Science 3: 237–241.
Biswas, K. (1949) Common fresh and brackish water algal flora of India and Burma.vol. 2. Records of the Botanical Survey of India 15: 1–106.
Boedeker, C., O’Kelly, C.J., West, J.A., Hanyuda, T., Neale, A., Wakana, I. & Wilcox.M.D. (2017) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the genus Wittrockiella (Pithophoraceae, Cladophorales), including the descriptions of W. australis sp. nov. and W. zosterae sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 52: 905–928.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12457
Bordoloi, R.F. (1986) Studies on the algal flora of Assam and Meghalaya. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) International Symposium on Taxonomy of Algae, University of Madras, Madras, pp. 173–179.
Børgesen, F. (1933) Some Indian Rhodophyceae especially from the shores of the presidency of Bombay- III. Bulletin Miscellaneous Information of the Royal Botantic Gardens, Kew 113–142.
https://doi.org/10.2307/4113528
Børgesen, F. (1938) Catenlla nipae used as food in Burma. Journal of Botany (London) 76: 265–271.
Bourrelly, P. (1985) Les Algues d’Eau Douce, Initiaion à la systématique. Tome III. Les Algues Blues et Rouges les Eugléniens, Peridiniens, et Cryptomanodines. Réimpression revue et augumentée (Reprinted and revised version). Société nouvelle des Editions, Boubée, Paris, 609 pp.
Brodie, J. & Zuccarello, G.C. (2006) Systematics of the species rich algae: Red Algal Classification, Phylogeny and Speciation. In: Hodkinson, R., Parnell, J. & Waldren, S. (Eds.) “Towards the tree of life: Taxonomy and Systematics of species rich taxa” CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 317–330.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420009538.ch20
Brühl, P. & Biswas, K. (1923) Commentiones Algologicas III. On a species of Compsopogon growing in Bengal. Journal of the Department of Science, University of Calcutta 5: 1–6.
Brühl, P. & Biswas, K. (1927) Commentiones Algologicas IV. Compsopogon lividus (Hooker) De Toni. Journal of the Department of Science, University of Calcutta : 8: 8–13.
Caisová, L. & Kopecký, J. (2008) Relation of Pleruocapsa cuprea Hansgrig to the genus Hildenbrandia (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 47: 404–415.
https://doi.org/10.2216/PH07-70.1
Capek, P., Matulová, M. & Combouriew, B. (2008) The extracellular proteoglycan produced by Rhodella grisea. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 43: 390–393.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.07.015
Carmona, J.J. & Beltrán, Y. (2007) Las algas rojas de aquas continentales en la región central de Mexico. 1ª Edición. Universidad Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico, 50 pp.
Carmona, J.J., Montejano, G.Z. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2006) Ecology and morphological chracterization of gametophyte and “Chantransia” stages of Sirodotia huillensis (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) from a stream in central Mexico. Phycological Research 54: 108–115.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2006.00417.x
Carmona, J.J. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2001) A new species and expanded distributions of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Central Mexico and southeastern Brazil. European Journal of Phycology 36: 217–226.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967026201003195
Carmona, J.J., Perona, E., Sanchez-Diaz, E. & Loza, V. (2011) Morphological and ecological characterization of Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta) in the Jarama Basin, Iberian Peninsula. Limnetica 30: 117–128.
Chacko, P.I., Abraharm, J.G. & Andal, R. (1953) Report on a survey of the Flora, Fauna and Fisheries of the Pulicat Lake, Madras state, India, 1951–1952. Contributions of Freshwater Fish Biology Station 8: 1–20.
Chakraborty, T., Mukhopadhyay, M. & Pal, R. (2010) Micro algal diversity of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Indian Hydrobiology 12: 204–224.
Chakraborty, S. & Santra, S.C. (2008) Biochemical composition of eight benthic algae collected from Sunderban. Indian Journal of Marine Science 37: 329–332.
Chapuis, I.S., NecchI, O. Jr., Zuccarello, G.C., Xie, S.-L., Aboal, M., Sanchez-Castillo, P.M. & Vis, M.L. (2017) A new genus Volatus and four new species of Batrachospermum sensu stricto (Batrachospermales, Rhoodohphyta). Phycologia 56: 454–468.
https://doi.org/10.2216/16-73.1
Chaturvedi, U.K., Bhatnagar, S.K. & Pandey, U.C. (1979) On Batrachospermum from Rohilkhand division, U.P., India. Phykos 18: 53–56.
Chaugule, B.B. (1980) Morphology and life history of a new species of Batrachospermum from Kas (Maharshtra). Maharashtra Viswa Mahavidyalaya (M.V.M.) Patrika 15: 1–8.
Chaugule, B.B. (2004) Diversity of freshwater red algae in the Western Ghats and associated areas between latitudes 15° N- 21° N. National Symposium on Biology and Biodiversity of Fresh Water algae. Centre Advanced Studies in Botany University of Madras, India. pp. 68–69.
Chaugule, B.B. & Lobo, J. (1990) A report on Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh from Guhakar Indian stream. Indian Botanical Reptreoire 9: 4–6.
Chiasson, W.B., Machesky, N.J. & Vis, M.L. (2003) Phylogeography of Batrachospermum helminthosum (Rhodophyta) in North America. Journal of Phycology 38: 3–4.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.38.s1.87.x
Chou, J.-Y. & Wang, W.-L. (2006) Batrachospermum arcuatum Kylin (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a freshwater red alga newly reported in Taiwan. Taiwania 51: 58–63.
Ciniglia, C., Yoon, H.S., Pollio, A., Pinto, G. & Bhattacharya, D. (2004) Hidden biodiversity of extremophilic Cyanidiales red algae. Molecular Ecology 13: 1827–1838.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02180.x
Das, C.R. (1963) The Compsopogonales in India (A Systematic account of the Indian representatives of the order). Proceedings of the National Institute of Science, India. Part B. Biological Sciences 29 B: 239–243.
Das, S.K. (2016) Dietary use of algae among tribal North-east India: Special reference to the Monpa tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 15: 509–513.
Das, M. & Ramanujam, P. (2010) A comparative study of diversity of algae in coal mine impacted and unimpacted streams of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya. Journal of the Indian botantical society 89: 2014–209.
Das, R.N. & Peters, R. (1990) New Algae to India from Chaibasa (Bihar) In: Raja Rao, V.N. (Ed.) Perspectives in Phycology (M.O.P Iyengar Centenary Celebrations volume) Today & Tomorrow Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 77–81.
Datta, R. & Datta, B.K. (1999) Desiccation induced nitrate and ammonium uptake in the red alga Catenella repens (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 28: 458–460.
Day, S.A., Wickham., R.P., Entwisle, T.J. & Tyler, P.A. (1995) Bibliographic checklist of non-marine algae in Australia. Flora of Australia [Supplementary Series] 4: 1–276.
De, U.S., Dube, R.K. & Prakasa Rao, G.S. (2005) Extreme weather events over India in the last 100 years. Journal of the Indian Geophysical Union 9: 173–187.
Deb, D.B., Krishna, B., Mukherjee, K., Bhattacharya, S., Chowdhury, A.N., Das, H.B. & Singh, T.S.H. (1974a) An edible alga of Manipur (Lemanea australis): Presence of Silver. Current Science 43: 629.
Deb, D.B., Krishna, B. &. Singh, T.S.H. (1986b) Life history of a Lemanea species from Manipur. In: Desikachary, T.V. & Raja Rao, V.N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Algae. University of Madras, Madras, pp. 212–221.
Desikachary, T.V. (1959) Cyanophyta. Indian Council of Agricultural Reseach (ICAR) Monogrphas on Algae, New Delhi, 687 pp.
Desikachary, T.V. (2004) Commentary: M. O. P. Iyengar (1886–1963) Journal of Biosciences (Indian Academy of Sciences) 29: 225–230.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02702604
Desikachary, T.V. & Iyengar, M.O.P. (1981) Volvocales. Indian Council of Agricultural Reseach (ICAR) Monogrphas on Algae, New Delhi, 532 pp.
Desikachary, T.V., Krishnamurthy, V. & Balakrishnan, M.S. (1990) Rhodophyta. vol. 1. Madras Science Foundation, Madras, 279 pp.
Desikachary, T.V., Krishnamurthy, V. & Balakrishnan, M.S. (1998) Rhodophyta, vol. II, Madras Science Foundation, Madras, 359 pp.
Desikachary, T.V. & Prema, P. (1996) Silicoflagellates. Bibliotheca Phycologica 100: 1–314.
De Toni, G.B. (1897) Sylloge Algarum. vol. IV, Section (1), Patavii, pp. 1–388.
De Toni, G.B. (1903) Sylloge Algarum. vol. IV, Section (3), Patavii, pp. 777–1522.
Dhanalakshmi, K., Babu, B., Nicodemus, A., Nagarajan, B. & Baluswami, M. (2009) Thorea hispida (Thore) Desvaux Emend. Sheath, Vis et Cole from Little Andaman, India. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Algal Biomass, Resources and Utilization.pp. 35–42.
D’Lacoste., L.G. & Ganesan, E.K. (1987) Notes on Venezuelan freshwater red algae. Nova Hedwigia 45: 263–281.
Dittami, S.M., Heesch, S., Olsen, J.L. & Collen, J. (2017) Transitions between marine and freshwater environments provide new clues about the origins of multicellular plants and algae. Journal of Phycology 53: 731–745.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12547
Drew, K.M. & Ross, R. (1965) Some generic names in the Bangiophycidae. Taxon 14: 93–99.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1216459
Durmaz, Y., Monterio, M., Bandarra, N., Gökpinar, S. & Isik, O. (2007) The effect of low temperature on fatty acid composition and tocopherols of the microalga Porphyridium cruentum. Journal of Applied Phycology 19: 223–227.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-006-9127-6
Easa, P.S. (2004) Biodiversity documentation for Kerala. Part 1. Algae. Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Kerala, 106 pp.
Eggert, A., Raimund, S., Michalik, D., West, J.A. & Karsten, U. (2007) Ecophysiological performance of the primitive red alga Dixoniella grisea (Rhodellophyceae) to irradiance, temperature and salinity stress: growth responses and the osmotic role of mannitol. Phycologia 46: 22–28.
https://doi.org/10.2216/06-12.1
Elaya Perumal, U., Chaugule, B.B. & Meshram, B.G. (2014) Batrachospermum chauhanii sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) a freshwater red alga from the Western Ghats of India. National Seminar on “The Taxonomy and Ecology of Freshwater Algae: Department of Botany, St. Albert’s College, Ernakulam, India, 13 pp. [Abstract]
Elaya Perumal, U., Uma Rani, V. & Chaugule, B.B. (2015) Studies on a red alga Sirodotia huillensis (Batrachospermaceae) from Orissa State, India. Journal of Theoretical and Experimental Biology 11: 45–50.
Eloranta, P. & Kwandrans, J. (2007) Freshwater Red Algae. Rhodophyta. Identification guide to European taxa, particularly to those found in Finland. Norrilina 15: 1–103.
Eloranta, P., Kwandrans, J. & Kusel-Fetzmann, E. (2011) Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae. In: Schagerl, M. (Ed.) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Band 7. Freshwater flora of Central Europe. Spectrum Akademischer Verlag. Heidelberg, pp. 1–155.
Entwisle, T.J., Skinner., S., Lewis, S.H. & Foard, H.J. (2007) Algae of Australia: Introduction, Batrachospermales, Thoreales, Oedogoniales and Zygnemaceae. Australian Biological Research Study & CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne 1–26, 200 pp.
Entwisle, T.J., Johnston, E.T., Lam, D.W., Stewart, S.A. & Vis, M.L. (2016) Nocturama gen. nov., Nothocladus s. lat. and other taxonomic novelties resulting from the further resolution of paraphyly in Australasian members of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 52: 384–396.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12401
Entwisle, T.J., Vis, M.L., Chiasson, W.B., Necchi, O. Jr. & Sherwood, A.R. (2009) Systematics of the Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta): a synthesis. Journal of Phycology 44: 704–715.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00686.x
Evans, J.R., Chapuis, I.S. & Vis, M.L. (2017) Adding to the freshwater red algal diversity in North America: Lympha mucosa gen. et sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Algae 32: 171–179.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2017.32.9.8
Faridi, M.A.F. (1975) Batrachospermum in Pakistan. Biologia 21: 107–109.
Feng, J., Xie, S.-L. & Yao, G. (2007) Tuomeya Harvey, a genus of freshwater Rhodophyta newly recorded from China. Acta Phytotaxica Sinica 45: 719–726.
https://doi.org/10.1360/aps06074
Flint, L.H. (1953) Kyliniella in America. Phytomorphology 3: 76–80.
Freshwater, D.W., Fredericq, S., Butler, B.S., Hommersand, M.H. & Chase, M.W. (1994) A gene phylogeny of the red algae (Rhodophyta) based on plastid rbcL. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91: 7281–7285.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.15.7281
Furnari, G., Giaccone, G., Cormaci, M., Alongi, G. & Serio, D. (2003) Biodiversità Marina delle coste Italiane: Catalogo del Macrofitobenthos. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 10: 1–482.
Gaikwad, M.S., Meshram, B.G. & Chaugule, B.B. (2009) On occurrence of the genus Porphyridium Nageli: New to India. Journal of Algal Biomass Utilization 1: 102–106.
Ganesan, E.K. & West, J.A. (2013) Nomenclatural changes for some freshwater red algae from India. Algae 28: 45–51.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.045
Ganesan, E.K., West, J.A., Zuccarello, G.C., Loiseaux de Goër, S. & Rout, J. (2015) Lemanea manipurensis sp. nov. (Batrachospermales), a freshwater red algal species from North-East India. Algae 30: 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2015.30.1.001
Ganesan, E.K., West, J.A. & Necchi, O. Jr. (2016) The Green Planet: Past, Present and Future. (Status of Freshwater Red Algal Research in India: Conventional and Contemporary Approaches: A Critique). International Conference, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 200 pp.
Garbary, D.J. (1987) The Acrochaetiaceae (Rhodophyta): An Annotated Bibliography. Bibliotheca Phycologica 77: 1–267.
García-Fernández, M.E., Chapuis, I.S. & Aboal, M. (2012) Kyliniella latvica Skuja (Stylonmetophyceae) –un rodofito indicador de buena calidad del agua. Limnetica 31: 341–348.
Ghosh, A., Schmidt, S., Fickert, T. & Nüsser, M. (2015) The Indian Sundarban Mangrove Forests: History, Utilization, Conservation Stratagies and Local Perception. Diversity 7: 149–169.
https://doi.org/10.3390/d7020149
Gogate, S.S., Shah, S.M. & Unni, C.K. (1975) Strontium, Calcium and Magnesium contents of some marine algae from the west coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India 17: 28–33.
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2017) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from: http://www.algaebase.org (accessed 30 June 2017)
Gupta, R.K. (2005) Algal flora of Dehradun district, Uttaranchal. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 298 pp.
Gupta, R.K. & Ambarish, K. (2004) Freshwater red algae from Dehradun, Uttaranchal, India. Phytotaxonomy 4: 135–137.
Gupta, A. & Singh, R.M. (2012) Lemanea in lotic environment of Manipur, North-East India: distribution, ecology and need for conservation of Lemanea. Lamhat Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken, 80 pp.
Haga, M. & Leghari, M.K. (1995) A freshwater red alga Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) Ag. from Kawai, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Cryptogams of the Himalayas 3: 29–35.
Hall, M.M. & Vis, M.L. (2002) Genetic variation in Batrachospermum helminthosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) among and within stream reaches using intersimple sequence repeat molecular markers. Phycological Research 50: 155–162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2002.tb00146.x
Hanyuda, K., Suzawa, Y., Suzawa, T., Arai, S., Sato, H., Ueda, K. & Kumano, S. (2004) Biogeography and Taxonomy of Batrachospermum helminthosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in Japan, inferred from rbcL gene sequences. Journal of Phycology 40: 581–588.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2004.03159.x
Harper, J.T. & Saunders, G.W. (2001) Molecular systematics of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta) using nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequence data. Journal of Phycology 37: 1073–1082.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.00160.x
Hegde, G.R. & Somanna, K. (1992) Freshwater algae of Karnataka-II. Phykos 30: 49–54.
Hla Cho, D. & Nyunt, U.T. (1986) Extraction of a phycocolloid from the red seaweed Catenella and its possible use for economic purposes. Burma Research Congress: 1–8.
Hu, H. & Wei, Y. (2006) The Freshwater Algae of China: Systematics, Taxonomy and Ecology. Science Press, Beijing, 1023 pp.
Israelson, G. (1942) The freshwater Florideae of Sweden. Studies on their taxonomy, ecology and distribution. Symbolae Botanicae Upasaliensis 6: 1–134.
Irvine, L. (1976) Appendix II. In: Parke, M. & Dixon, P.S. (Eds.) Check-list of Briish Marine Algae-third revision. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 56: 590.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1972) Subaerial algae of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 1: 13–64.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1974) The algal flora of Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 2: 11–36.
Islam, A.K.M.N. (1992) Freshwater red algae of Bangladesh. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Science) 18: 29–46.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1928) Algal work in India. Presidential address. Section Botany. Proceedings of the 15<sup>th</sup> Indian Science Congress. 207.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1957) Algology. Progress of Science in India. Section 6. Botany. Proceedings of the National Institue of Sciences of India. 229–251.
Iyengar, M.O.P. (1985) On a Chroothece from Madras. Seaweed Research & Utilisation Journal 8: 1–3.
Jadiye, S.U. (2006) New record of Catenella impudica from Alibauh coast of Maharashtra, India. Journal of Economic & Taxonomic Botany 30: 705–708.
Jaiswal, A.G. & Pathak, R.R. (2005) Red algae- Compsopogon aeruginosus J. Ag. Kützing var. catenatum Yadav & Pandey from Sakri, District Dhule, Maharashtra. Proceedings of the National Conference on Plant Diversity & Biotechnology 42–44.
Jar -San, J.S. & Soe-Htun, U. (2015) Systematics of the genus Polysiphonia Greville (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Setse and Kyaikkhami coastal areas, Thanlwin river mouth, Myanmar. Journal of Marine Biology and Aquaculture 1: 1–17.
https://doi.org/10.15436/2381-0750.15.002
Ji, L., Feng, J., Chen, L. & Xie, S. (2011) A molecular and morphological investigation of Batrachospermum arcuatum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in China. Aquatic Botany 95: 254–257.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.08.001
Ji, L., Xie, S., Feng, J., Chen, L. & Wang, J. (2014) Molecular systematics of four endemic Batrachospermaceae (Rhodophyta) species in China with multilocus data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 52: 92–100.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12058
John, J. & Francis, M.S. (2007) Investigation in the algal flora of Thodupuzha taluk, Kerala. Indian Hydrobiology 10: 79–86.
John, S. & Panikkar, M.V.N. (2003) Some selected species of freshwater algae from the flowing waters. National Symposium on Algae & Environment. Thiruvanathapuram, India, 89 pp.
Johnston, E.T., Lim, P.-E., Buhari, N., Keil, E.J., Djawad, M.I. & Vis, M.L. (2014) Diversity of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in Malaysia and Indonesia from morphological and molecular data. Phycologia 53: 329–341.
https://doi.org/10.2216/13-223.1
Jose, L. & Patel, R.J. (1990a) Caloglossa ogasawaraensis (Rhodophyta, Delesseriaceae), a new fresh water Rhodophyceae new to India. Cryptogamie Algologie 11: 225–228.
Jose, L. & Patel, R.J. (1990b) A new fresh water species of Acrochaetium (Acrochaetium keralayensis sp. nov.) from India. India Botanical Contributions 7: 177–180.
Kaczmarczyk, D., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1992) Distribution and systematics of the freshwater genus Tuomeya (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermaceae) Journal of Phycology 28: 850–855.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00850.x
Kamiya, M., Tanaka, J. & Hara, Y. (1997) Comparative morphology, crossability, and taxonomy within the Caloglossa continua (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) complex from the western Pacific. Journal of Phycology 33: 97–105.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1997.00097.x
Kamiya, M., Tanaka, J., King, R.J., West, J.A., Zuccarello, G.C. & Kawai, H. (1999) Reproductive and genetic distinction between broad and narrow entities of Caloglossa continua (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 38: 356–367.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-38-5-356.1
Kamiya, M., West, J.A., Karsten, U. & Ganesan, E.K. (2016) Molecular and morphological delineation of Caloglossa beccarii and related species (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 55: 640–649.
https://doi.org/10.2216/16-19.1
Kamiya, M., Zuccarello, G.C. & West, J.A. (2003) Evolutionary relationships of the genus Caloglossa (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) inferred from large-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences, morphological evidence and reproductive compatibility, with description of a new species from Guatemala. Phycologia 42: 478–497.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-42-5-478.1
Kamiya, M., Zuccarello, G.C. & West, J.A. (2004) Phylogeography of Caloglossa leprieurii and related species (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) based on the rbcL gene sequences. Japanese Journal of Phycology 52: 147–151.
Kannan, L. & Thangaradjou, T. (1998) Seaweeds and Seagrasses of Porto Novo. Centre for Advanced. Studies in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 46 pp.
Kant, S. & Gupta, R.K. (1998) Algal Flora of Ladakh. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 341 pp.
Kant, S. & Vora, S. (1999) Algal flora of J & K State. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 78: 51–64.
Karsten, U., West, J.A. & Ganesan, E.K. (1993) Comparative physiological ecology of Bostrychia moritziana (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from freshwater and marine habitats. Phycologia 32: 401–409.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-32-6-401.1
Kathiresan, K. & Qasim, S.Z. (2005) Biodivesity of Mangrove Ecosystems. Hindusthan Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 251 pp.
Kathiresean, S., Sarada, R., Bhattacharya, S. & Ravishankar, G.A. (2006) Culture media optimization for growth and phycoerythrin production from Porphyridium purureum. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 96: 456–463.
https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21138
Keil, E.J., Macy, T.R., Kwandrans, J., Eloranta, P., Tomas, P., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2015) Phylogeography of Batrachospermum gelatinosum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) shows postglacial expansion in Europe. Phycologia 54: 176–182.
https://doi.org/10.2216/14-112.1
Khan, M. (1970) On two freshwater red algae from Dehra Dun. Hydrobiologia 35: 249–253.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00181730
Khan, M. (1972) On Lemanea, a freshwater alga new to India. Proceedings Indian Science Congress Association 59: 293.
Khan, M. (1973) On edible Lemanea Bory de St. Vincent, a freshwater red alga from India. Hydrobiologia 43: 171–175.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014264
Khan, M. (1974) On a freshwater Hildenbrandia Nardo from India. Hydrobiologia 44: 237–240.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00187272
Khan, M. (1978) On Thorea Bory (Nemalionales, Rhodophyta), a freshwater red alga new to India. Phykos 17: 55–58.
Khan, M. (1985) Algal flora of Sultanpur (U.P.) India. Phykos 24: 52–57.
King, R.J. & Puttock, C.F. (1989) Morphology and Taxonomy of Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae/Rhodophyta). Australian Journal of Systematic Botany 2: 1–73.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SB9890001
King, R.J. &. Puttock, C.F. (1994) Morphology and Taxonomy of Caloglossa (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Australian Journal of Systematic Botany 7: 89–124.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SB9940089
Knappe, J. & Huth, V. (2014) Rotalgen des Süßwassers in Deutschland und in angrenzenden Gebieten (Freshwater red algae of Germany and adjacent areas) Bibliotheca Phycologica 118: 1–142.
Kostkevišien?, J. & Luchiute, R. (2005) The freshwater red algae species of Batrachospermum sect. Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) new to Lithuania. Botanica Lithuanica 11: 151–159.
Krayesky, D.M., Norris, J., West, J.A. & Fredercq, S. (2011) The Caloglossa leprieurii-complex (Delesseriaceae, Rhodphyta) in the Americas: the elucidation of overlooked species based on molecular and morphological evidence. Cryptogamie Algologie 32: 37–62.
https://doi.org/10.7872/crya.v32.iss1.2011.037
Krempelhuber, A.V. (1869) Beitrag zue Algenflora Indiene von Dr. G. V. Martens in Stuttgart. Flora 52: 233.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1953) On the structure and reproduction of a Compsopogon from Madras. Phytomorphology 3: 369–376.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1957) The early stages of development in four species of Compsopogon. Phytomorphology 7: 398–403.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1961) A note on Compsopogon leptoclados Montagne. Revue Algologique 5: 260–265.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1962a) The morphology and taxonomy of the genus Compsopogon Montagne. Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) London 58: 207–222.
Krishnamurthy, V. (1962b) The formation of “microaplanospores” in Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne. Currerent Science 31: 99–100.
Krishnamurthy, V. & Baluswami, M. (2000) Some new species of algae from India. Indian Hydrobiology 3: 45–48.
Kucera, P., Grulich, V., Frankova, M. & Burgeš, M. (2008) Distrubution of freshwater red algal family Lemaneacae (Rhodophyta) in the Czech Republic: an update. Fottea 8: 125–128.
https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2008.010
Kumano, S. (2002) Freshwater Red Algae of the World. Biopress, Bristol, UK, 375 pp.
Kützing, F.T. (1849) Species Algarum. Brockhous, Leipzig, 922 pp.
Kylin, H. (1956) Die Gattungen der Rhodophyceen. CWK Gleerups, Lund, 673 pp.
Lam, D.W., García-Fernández, M.E., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2013) Polysiphonia subtilissima (Ceramilaes, Rhodophyta) from freshwater habitats in North America and Europe is confirmed as conspecific with marine collections. Phycologia 52: 156–160.
https://doi.org/10.2216/12-085.1
Latt, C.C. & Soe-Htun, U. (2014) The diversity and distribution of the genus Caloglossa J. Agardh (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in Setse and Kyaikkhami coastal areas. Mawlamyine University Research Journal 5: 1–22.
Leghari, M.K. & Ghafar, S.A. (2006) Comparative ecological study of freshwater red algae from various localities of Pakistan. International Journal of Phycology and Phytochemistry 2: 63–70.
Leghari, S.M. (2000) Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C. Ag. Rhodophyta from Nomal and Naltar area near Gilgit, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3: 2048–2050.
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.2048.2050
Lewin, R.A. & Robertson, J.A. (1971) Influence of salinity on the form of Asterocytis in pure culture. Journal of Phycology 7: 236–238.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1971.tb01508.x
Maggs, C.A., Verbruggen, H. & De Clerck, O. (2007) Molecular systematics of red algae: building future structures on firm foundations. In: J. Brodie & Lewis, J. (Eds.) Unravelling the Algae: The Past, Present, and Future of Algal Systematics. CRC, Boca de Raton, pp. 103–121.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9780849379901.ch6
Magne, F. (1967a) Sur l’existence, chez les Lemanea (Rhodophycées, Nemalionales), d’une type de cycle de développement encore inconnu chez les algues rouges. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences Paris, Ser D, 264: 2632–2633.
Magne, F. (1967b) Sur le dérroulmente et le lieu de la meiose chez les Lémaneacées (Rhodophycees, Nemalionles). Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences Paris, Ser D, 265: 670–673.
Mannino, A.M., Barone, R. & Raimundo, F.M. (2003) First record of Paralemanea catenata (Rhodophyta) from Italian Peninsula. Bocconea 16: 1053–1058.
Martens, G. Von. (1869a) Beitrag zur Algen-flora Indiens. No. I. Flora 52: 233–238.
Martens, G. Von. (1869b) Beitrage zur Algen-Flora Indiens. No. II. Flora 52: 455–456.
Martens, G. Von. (1870a) A third list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, Professor of Botany in Stuttgard, communicated through Mr. S. Kurz. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 1870: 9–12.
Martens, G. Von. (1870b) A fourth list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, Professor of Botany in Stuttgard, communicated through Mr. S. Kurz. Proceedings of the Asiatic Soceity of Bengal 1870: 257–260.
Martens, G. Von. (1871a) A fifth list of Bengal algae, determined by Dr. G.v. Martens, communicated by S. Kurz, Esq. Proceedings of the Asiatic Soceity of Bengal 1871: 170–173.
Martens, G. Von. (1871b) List of algae communicated by Mr. S. Kurz in Burma and adjacent islands. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40: 461–469.
Misra, J.N. & Dey, A.K. (1959) Studies on the freshwater Rhodophyceae (Red Algae) of Uttar Pradesh. Vijyana Parishad Anusandhan Patrika 2: 123–134.
Mitra, A., Banerjee, K & Banerjee, A. (2006) Screening mangroves in search of Astaxanthin; Seshaiyana 14: 1–2.
Mohan, V., Paul, T.V. & Joseph, G. (2014) Freshwater red alga Caloglossa beccarii from Paniyeli Poru, Kerala. In: Plant Systematics and Herbarium Techniques. KKTM Government College, Kodungallur, Kerala, p. 28.
Montagne, C. (1846) Flore d’Algérie. Ordo I. Phyceae Fries. In: Exploration scientifique de l’Algérie pendant les années 1840, 1841, 1842. Durieu De Maisonneuve, M. C. Sciences physiques. Botanique. Cryptogamie 1: 1–197.
Müller, K.M., Vis, M.L., Chiasson, W.B., Whittick, A. & Sheath, R.G. (1997) Phenology of a Batrachospermum population in a boreal pond and its implications for the systematics of section Turfosa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 36: 68–75.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-1-68.1
Mukhopadhyay, A., Chattapadhyay, P. & Pal, R. (2003) Algal diversity of coastal West Bengal in relation to water quality. Seaweed Research and Utilization Journal 25: 69–76.
Mukhopadhyay, A. & Pal, R. (2002) A report on biodiversity of algae from coastal West Bengal (South & North 24-Parganas) and their cultural behaviour in relation to mass cultivation programme. Indian Hydrobiology 5: 97–107.
Muñoz-Gómez, S.A., Mejía-Franco, F.G., Durnim, K., Colp, M., Crisdale, C.J., Archibald, J.M. & Slamovits, C.H. (2017) The new red algal phylum Proteorhodophytina comprises the largest and most divergent plastid genomes known. Current Biology 27: 1677–1684.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.054
Muthukannu, B.A. (1984) Ecological studies of marine algae in the Pitchavaram mangrove (India). M. Phil dissertation. Centre Advanced Studies in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, India, 88 pp.
Nagendran, C.R. (1973) Occurrence of Compsopogon chalybeus Kützing in India. Journal of Mysore University, India 26: 136–137.
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Han, X.J., Lv, J.-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S.-L. (2016a) Molecular identification of Audouinella-like species (Rhodophyta) from China based on three short DNA fragments. Phytotaxa. 246 (2): 107–119.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.2
Nan, F.- R., Feng, J., Lv, J.-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S.-L. (2016b) Evolutionary history of the monospecific Compsopogon genus (Compsopogonales, Rhodophyta). Algae 31: 303–315.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2016.31.10.22
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Han, X.J., Lv, J-P., Liu, Q. & Xie, S-L. (2017a) Hildenbrandia jigongshanensis (Hildenbrandiaceae, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater species described from Jigongshan mountain, China. Phytotaxa 292 (3): 243–252.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.3.4
Nan, F.-R., Feng, J., Lv, J-P., Liu, Q., Fang, K., Gong, C. & Xie, S.-L. (2017b) Origin and evolutionary history of freshwater Rhodophyta: further insights based on phylogenomic evidence. Scientific Reports 7: 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03235-5
Nandi, B. & Rout, J. (2000) Algal flora of different habitats of Dargakona area, Silchar (South Assam). Phykos 39: 43–49.
Narasimha-Rao, G.M. & Subba-Rangaiah, G. (2008) Effect of salinity and temperature on photosynthesis and respiration of some estuarine algae of Godavari estuary, India. Indian Hydrobiology 11: 65–68.
Narasimha-Rao, G.M., Subba-Rangiah, G. & Dora, S. (2008) Spore shedding in Catenella impudica from the Godavary estuary at Bhivravepalem, India. Algae 23: 71–74.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2008.23.1.071
Narasimha -Rao, G.M. & Umamaheswara Rao, M. (1991) Spore discharge in the red algae Bostrychia tenella and Caloglossa leprieurii from the Godavari estuary, India. Journal of Applied Phycology 3: 153–158.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00003697
Narasimha-Rao, G.M. & Vanilla-Kumari, G. (1998) Eco-physiological studies on Bostrychia tenella in Sarada and Varaha estuarine complex. Phykos 36: 89–92.
Necchi, O. Jr. (1990) Revision of the genus Batrachospermum Roth (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermales) in Brazil. Bibliotheca Phycologica 84: 1–201.
Necchi, O. Jr. (2016) Red algae (Rhodophyta) in rivers. In: Necchi Jr., O. (Ed.) River Algae, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 65–91.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31984-1_4
Necchi, O. Jr., Braga, M.R.A. & Moulton, T.P. (1998) Suevey and Distribution of Rhodophyta from Cordoso Island, São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Supplement 123) (Algological Studies) 88: 111–124.
Necchi, O. Jr. & Carmona, J.J. (2002) Somatic meiosis and development of the juvenile gametophyte in members of the Batrachospermales sensu lato (Rhodophyta) Phycologia 41: 340–347.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-41-4-340.1
Necchi, O. Jr., Garcia Fo., A.S., Salomaki., E.D., West, J.A., Aboal, M. & Vis, M.L. (2013) Global sampling reveals low genetic diversity within Compsopogon (Compsopogonales, Rhodophyta). European Journal of Phycology 48: 152–162.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2013.783626
Necchi, O. Jr. & Oliveira, M.C. (2011) Phylogenetic affinities of “Chantransia” stages in members of the Batrachospermales and Thoreales (Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 47: 680–686.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.00997.x
Necchi, O. Jr., Paiano, M.O., West, J.A., Ganesan, E.K. & Loiseaux de Goer, S. (2015) Thorea indica sp. nov. (Thoreales, Rhodophyta) from Uttar Pradesh, India. Algae 34: 265–274.
https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2015.30.4.265
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993a) Systematics of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) in North America. 1. The reddish species. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Algological Studies) 70: 11–28.
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993b) Systematics of freshwater Audouinella (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) in North America. 1. The bluish species. Archiv für Hydrobiologie (Algological Studies) 71: 13–21.
Necchi, O. Jr., Sheath, R.G. & Cole, K.M. (1993c) Distribution and Systematics of the freshwater genus Sirodotia (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in North America. Journal of Phycology 29: 236–243.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1993.00236.x
Necchi, O. Jr. & Vis, M.L. (2012) Monograph of the genus Kumanoa (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermales). Bibliotheca Phycologica. 116. 1–79.
Necchi, O. Jr., Vis, M.L. & Oliveira, M.C. (2007) Phylogenetic relationship of Sirodotia species (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in North and South America. Cryptogamie Algologie 28: 117–127.
Necchi, O. Jr., West, J.A., Rai, S.K., Ganesan, E.K., Rossignolo, N.L. & Louiseaux de Goër, S. (2016) Phylogeny and morphology of the freshwater red alga Nemalionopsis shawii (Rhodophyta, Thoreales) from Nepal. Phycological Research 64: 11–18.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pre.12116
Necchi, O. Jr. & Zucchi, M.R. (1995) Occurrence of the genus Ballia (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) in freshwaters from Brazil. Hoehnea 22: 231–237.
Necchi, O. Jr. & Zucchi, M.R. (1997) Audouinella macrospora (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) is the ‘Chantransia’ stage of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermaceae). Phycologia 36: 220–224.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-3-220.1
Nedumaran, T. & Perumal, P. (2009) Temporal and spatial variations in the structure of macroalgal communities associated with mangroves of Pichavaram (South India). Botanical Research International 2: 198–205.
Nelson, W.A. & Phillips, L. (1996) The Lindauer legacy: current names for the Algae Novae-Zelanicae Exsiccatae. New Zealand Journal of Botany 34: 553–582.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410136
Nizamuddin, M. (1988) Occurrence of the genus Bangia Lyngbye (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Chitral, North West of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 20: 45–48.
Ott, F.D. (2009) Handbook of the taxonomic names associated with the non-marine Rhodophycophyta. J. Cramer, Germany, 969 pp.
Oza, R.M. & Zaidi, S.H. (2001) A Revised Checklist of Indian Marine Algae. Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 296 pp.
Pal, U.C., Naskar, K.R. & Santra, S.C. (1988) A check-list of algal flora of Sundarban Delta of West Bengal, India. Phykos 27: 48–53.
Palmer, C.M. (1941) Lemanea herbarium packets containing more than one species. Butler University Studies 5: 222–223.
Pandey, U.C. (1978) A note on record of Compsopogon coeruleus in Rohilkhand Division, Uttar Pradesh. Proceedings 65<sup>th</sup> Indian Science Congress, p. 6.
Pandey, U.C. (1983) On a species of Compsopogon growing in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Algae of the Indian subcontinent: a collection of papers. Bibliotheca Phycologica 66: 241–246.
Pandey, U.C. & Chaturvedi, U.K. (1979) Algae of Rohilkand division, U.P., India-V. Phykos 18: 37–43.
Pandey, R.S., Tiwari, G.L. & Pandey, D.C. (1973) Note on two forms of Compsopogon Montagne from the river Yamuna. Current Science 42: 800.
Pandey, R.S., Tiwari, G.L. & Pandey, D.C. (1976) Observations on Compsopogon iyengarii Krishnamurthy (Rhodophyceae). Hydrobiologia 49: 239–244.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014517
Papenfuss, G.F. (1961) The structure and reproduction of Caloglossa leprieurii. Phycologia 1: 8–30.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-1-1-8.1
Patel, R.J. (1965) Compsopogon iyengarii Krishnamurthy from Gujarat. Current Science 34: 644–645.
Patel, R.J. (1970) New freshwater species of Acrochaetium from Gujarat, India (Acrochaetium godwandense sp. nov.) Revue Algologique 10: 30–36.
Patel, R.J. & Francis, M.A. (1968) On Batrachospermum from Gujarat. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, sect. B. 6: 230–233.
Patel, R.J. & Francis, M.A. (1970) Some interesting observations on Compsopogon aeruginosus (J.Ag.) Kützing, a species new to India. Phykos 8: 46–52.
Pentecost, A. (2011) Some observations on travertine algae from Stjáni hot spring, Lýsuhóll, Iceland. Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 741–745.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01327.x
Pentecost, A., Whitton, B.A. & Carter, C.F. (2013) Ecology and morphology of the freshwater red alga Chroothece in the British Isles. Algological Studies 143: 51–63.
https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2013/0137
Pillay, T.V.R., Vijayaraghavan, M.R. & Thakurta, S.C. (1962) An ecological study of benthic flora in brakishwater bheris. Proceedings of the National Institute of Sciences of India 28B: 417–431.
Pingle, S.D. & Deshmukh, B.S. (2005) Some fresh water algae from Amphitheatre of Wilson Dam. Indian Hydrobiology (Supplement) 8: 97–100.
Post, E. (1936) Systematische und plfanzengeographische Notizen zur Bostrychia-Caloglossa-Assoziation. Revue Algologique. 9: 1–84.
Post, E. (1937) Weitere Daten zur Verbreitung des Bostrychietum. Hedwigia 77: 11–14.
Post, E. (1963) Zur verbreitung und Okologie der Bostrychia-Caloglossa-Assoziation. International Revue of Hydrobiology 48: 47–152.
https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19630480105
Prain, D. (1905) The vegetation of the districts of Hughli-Howrah and the 24-Pergunnahs. Records of the Botanical Survey of India 3: 143–339.
Prasad, B.N. (1984) Algal floristics in India and Andamans. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 63: 1–10.
Prasad, B.N. & Malhtora, R.K. (1977) Algal Floristics in India: A Resume. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey, India 19: 279–292.
Pujals, C. (1961) Algunas observacions sobre Asterocytis ornata (C. Agardh) Hamel, Rodoficea nueva para Argentina. Darwinia 12: 365–377.
Radhakrishnan, S. (1976) Some aspects of the distribution and seasonal abundance of macrophytic flora in the brackish lake Pulicat, India. In: Varshney, C.K. & Rzóska, J. (Eds.) Aquatic weeds in south-east Asia. W. Junk, The Hague. pp. 107–117.
Ragan, M.A. & Gutell, R.R. (1995) Are red algae plants? Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 118: 81–105.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1995.tb00463.x
Raikwar, S.K.S. (1962) A new freshwater species of Acrochaetium (A. indica sp. nov.) Revue Algologique 6: 98–104.
Randhawa, M.S. (1960) Historical Review Address. Proceedings of the Symposium of Algology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. pp. 4–24.
Rao, C.S.P. (1959) Cytology of red algae. Proceedings of the Symposium on Algology. UNESCO- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, pp. 37–45.
Rao, C.S.P. (1966) Observations on the cytology of Compsopogon coeruleus Mont. Phykos (M.O.P. Iyengar Memorial Volume) 5: 91–94.
Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2005) Algal flora of Chilika Lake. Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 206 pp.
Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2006) Marine macroalgae of Orissa, east coast of India. Algae 21: 49–59.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2006.21.1.049
Ratha, S.K. & Adhikary, S.P. (2009) Two species of Batrachospermum from Orissa state, eastern India (Note). Algae 24: 61–66.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2009.24.2.061
Ratha, S.K., Jena, M., Rath, J. & Adhikary, S.P. (2007) Three ecotypes of Compsopogon coeruleus (Rhodophyta) from Orissa state, east coast of India (Note). Algae 22: 87–93.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2007.22.2.087
Rathnasabapathy, M. (1978) Freshwater Biology of Pulau Tioman. University Press, Kuala Lampur, 150 pp.
Rathnasabapathy, M. & Kumano, S. (1982) Studies on freshwater red algae of Malaysia II. Three species of Batrachospermum from Sungai Gombak and Sungai Pusu, Selangur, West Malaysia. Japanese Journal of Phycology 30: 119–124.
Rieth, A. (1973) Über Chroothece Hansgirg. Archiv für Protistenkunde 115: 75–98.
Rintoul, T.L., Sheath, R.G. & Vis, M.L. (1999) Systematics and biogeography of the Compsopogonales (Rhodophyta) with emphasis on the freshwater families in North America. Phycologia 38: 517–527.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-38-6-517.1
Rodgers, W.A. & Panwar, H.S. (1988) Planning a Wildlife Protected Area of Network in India. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehra Dun, 606 pp.
Rodgers, W.A., Panwar, H.S. & Mathur, V.B. (2002) Wildlife Protected Area Network in India: A Review (Executive summary). Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 44 pp.
Rossignolo, N.L & Necchi, O., Jr. (2016) Revision of section Setacea of the genus Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) with emphasis on specimens from Brazil. Phycologia 55: 337–346.
https://doi.org/10.2216/15-144.1
Rossignolo, N.L., Necchi, O., Jr. & Guiry, M.D. (2017) Atrophycus, a new genus name for “Setacea (De Toni) Necchi & Rossignolo” Notulae Algarum 26: 1–2.
Rout, J., Chaugule, B.B. & Bhosale, R. (2011) Potential of a red alga, Lemanea for use as a source of biofuel. In: Bhatnagar, S.K., Saxena, A. & Krann, S. (Eds.) Algae Biofuel. Stadium Press, New Delhi, pp. 111–115.
Rout, J. & Gaur, J.P. (1994) Composition and dynamics of epilithic algae in a forest stream at Shillong. Hydrobiology 291: 61–74.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00024239
Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M.D. & Kirk, P.M. (2015) A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE. 10: 1–60.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119248
Runcie, J.W., Ritchie, R.J. & Larkum, A.W.D. (2003) Uptake kinetics and assimilation of inorganic nitrogen by Catenella nipae and Ulva lactuca. Aquatic Botany 76: 155–174.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(03)00037-8">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(03)00037-8</a>
Runcie, J.W., Ritchie, R.J. & Larkum, A.W.D. (2004) Uptake kinetics and assimilation of inorganic phosphate by Catenella nipae and Ulva lactuca. Journal of Applied Phycology 16: 181–194.
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JAPH.0000048504.76029.b4
Sahoo, D. (2010) Common Seaweeds of India. I. K. International Publishing House, New Delhi, 196 pp.
Sahoo, D., Sahu, N. & Sahu, D.B. (2003) A critical survey of seaweed diversity of Chilika Lake, India. Algae 18: 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2003.18.1.001
Sahu, J.K. & Adhikary, S.P. (1999) Distribution of seaweeds in Chilika Lake. Seaweed Research & Utilisation Journal 21: 1–5.
Salomaki, E.D., Kwandrans, J., Eloranta, P. & Vis, M.L. (2014) Molecular and morphological evidence for Sheathia gen. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) and three new species. Journal of Phycology 50: 526–542.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12179
Salve, A. & Chaugule, B.B. (2001) Note on the occurrence of Compsopogonopsis (Mont.) Krishnamurthy from India. Indian Hydrobiology 4: 37–38.
Salve, A. & Chaugule, B.B. (2004) National Symposium on “Biology and Biodiversity of Fresh Water Algae (Phenotypic variability in Batrochospermum mahabaleshwarensis Balakrishnan et Chaugule). Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, 133 pp.
Sankaran, V. (1984) Batrachospermum desikacharyi sp. nov. (Rhodophyta) from Valparai, A