Abstract
Cuphea harleyi, a new species from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state, Brazil is described, illustrated, and commented on its ecological aspects. The new species inhabits rocky cerrado and campos rupestres, and is classified in Cuphea sect. Euandra subsec. Hilariella. The comparison of the new species with other species of the subsection has led to the synonymization and lectotypification of C. polymorphoides.