Abstract
Phallus aureolatus, a new gasteroid species found in the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil, is herein described, illustrated and its phylogenetic affinities are discussed. This new species is characterized by a pinkish volva, rhizomorphs with purplish pigments, a long white indusium, and a merulioid receptacle with a prominent, pseudoparenchymatous cap on the top when just exposed. A comparison with the morphologically similar taxa is presented, and a key to identify species of Phallus sensu lato (s.l.) known to occur in Brazil is provided.