Abstract
The effort to revise all South American names in Polygala L. has revealed the earliest epithet for the species known as Caamembeca laureola (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore to be conspecific with Polygala salicifolia Poir. The name P. salicifolia was erroneously interpreted by De Candolle to belong to the genus Monnina Ruiz & Pav., thus it was transferred as Monnina longifolia DC. Finally, P. salicifolia seems to have been overlooked during the last century. The new combination Caamembeca salicifolia is provided.