Phytotaxa

**Seed morphology of some Eremogone species (Caryophyllaceae) from Türkiye**

2024-05-04T07:23:59+12:00

The present research deals with the taxonoy of the genus Eremogone, using morphology of seed; the species occurring in Türkiye are examined. Nineteen characters (qualitative and quantitative) were observed or measured using light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy; statistical analyses considered are PCA and Clustering. The average length of Eremogone seeds was 1756 μm (1168–2569 μm), and the average width was 1148 μm (866–1674 μm). Seed shape, based on the seed length-to-width ratio, ranged from spherical to prolate spheroidal. Seed colors varied from yellowish-brown to dark brown-black. The seed coat surface was covered with tubercles, and the dorsal surface of the seed was covered with papillae ranging from 27 to 146 in length. The identified potential characters contribute to the delimitation of the Turkish species of Ermogone; a diangostic key is proposed.

**New species in Chromolucuma, Chrysophyllum, Pouteria and Pradosia (Chrysophylloideae, Sapotaceae) from the Magdalena and Cauca Rivers basins in Colombia**

2024-03-26T07:35:11+13:00

Four new species of Sapotaceae subfamily Chrysophylloideae are described and illustrated, belonging to the genera Chromolucuma, Chrysophyllum, Pouteria and Pradosia. Comments about their distribution, phenology, common names, conservation status and taxonomic affinities are made. All species are distributed in lowlands of the Cauca or Magdalena rivers basins in Colombia. New species are distinguished from their similar congeners by both vegetative and reproductive features. Chromolucuma pentagona is similar to C. cespedesiiformis but distinguished by leaves with more secondary veins, cauliflorous to ramiflorous fascicles, shorter pedicels, stamens inserted in the middle of corolla tube, and longer staminodes. Chrysophyllum caucanum is similar to C. parvulum but distinguished by leaves with less secondary veins, shorter pedicels and calyx, campanulate and shorter corolla, and a lower ratio between tube and lobes length. Pouteria karsticola is similar to P. bulliformis but distinguished by shorter petioles, pedicels, perianth and androecium; pedicels and sepals persistently villous, corolla lobes 2.1–2.2 times longer than the tube, and anther thecae apically mammiform. Pradosia tomentirostris is similar to P. golfodulcensis but distinguished by petioles and leaf primary veins sparsely tomentulose, subsessile flowers and fruits, and densely tomentulose, often rostrate fruits. Chromolucuma pentagona and P. karsticola seem to be endemic to karst reliefs.

**Materia Revisionis Arisaemarum: III. taxonomic notes and five new taxa of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from South China**

2025-01-27T01:49:31+13:00

In the course of systematic studies and fieldwork on the genus Arisaema in China between 2017 to 2024, five new species are being proposed and are herein described in detail, accompanied by photographs, diagnosed against allied species, and briefly analyzed the morphological variation patterns between related taxa. These newly proposed species are A. cordigerum,
A. hui, A. mengii, A. pulchellum, and A. sceptrum. Arisaema thunbergii subsp. autumnale, native to Taiwan Island, is elevated to species status, while A. melanostomum has been synonymized to A. brevistipitatum, a previously overlooked name. Additionally, based on Engler’s unranked subgeneric division, Arisaema sect. Auriculata is proposed based on combined evidence. Furthermore, the identities of A. sinii and A. xuanweiense are re-examined, drawing on inspections of original materials. Lastly, the patterns of distribution observed and their biogeographical inferences are discussed for these newly discovered species and their closely related counterparts, emphasizing the rich diversity of Arisaema species in the subtropical South Chinese flora.

Dasyspora (Pucciniales) on Xylopia in the Amazon, with new distribution records for Brazil

2024-09-19T20:24:59+12:00

This work presents a taxonomic study with a morphological basis of Dasyspora (Sphaerophragmiaceae, Pucciniales) specimens deposited in herbaria of the Brazilian Amazon, aiming to update the status of this genus according to the recognition of the valid species complex. Specimens from the authors’ collections and from the collections of fungi and plants of the herbaria of Emílio Goeldi Museum of Pará (MG) and EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental (IAN) previously identified as D. gregaria on Xylopia spp. were analyzed. Additional samples from other areas were also analyzed. Descriptions, images of nomenclatural types, and literature data complemented the identification and description of species. Six Dasyspora species were recorded in the Amazon (D. amazonica, D. echinata, D. ferrugineae, D. gregaria, D. nitidae and D. segregaria). New records are presented for Brazil (D. ferrugineae, D. nitidae and D. segregaria), and for the states of Amapá (D. echinata), Mato Grosso (D. amazonica), Pará (D. amazonica and D. echinata) and Rondônia (D. gregaria and D. segregaria). The additional samples studied were D. segregaria from Peru and D. ferrugineae from Surinam. Characteristics and the distribution of ornamentations on the wall of the teliospores were the main morphological attributes that differentiate the species. Host specificity was observed at the host genus level, but not at the host species level. The new records expand the geographic distribution of rust fungi in Brazil. Descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, geographic distribution of fungi and host plants, and an identification key for known species in South America are presented.

**Morphological data and ecological niche modelling support the inclusion of Phaseolus rubidus in Macroptilium: Implications for Papilionoid Lineages in the Cerrado and Paraná Forests**

2025-01-03T13:28:17+13:00

The identity of Phaseolus rubidus has been controversial due to its similarity to Macroptilium erythroloma and M. monophyllum. Based on niche modelling and a detailed morphological analysis, we propose that Phaseolus rubidus should be reinstated as a distinct species and classified within Macroptilium. Macroptilium rubidum can be distinguished from other species by the combination of erect habit, generally reddish velutinous indumentum, leaves with one to three leaflets, leaflets ovate, never lobed, and peduncular bracts at the base of the inflorescence and floral bracts that are equal to or smaller than the calyx. It occurs in the northeast of Argentina, southern Brazil, and Paraguay, within the Paraná Forest province, having an ecological niche restricted to the open fields of temperate and humid environments in this biogeographical province.

**Rediscovery of presumed extinct Isoetes divyadarshanii (Isoetaceae—Lycopodiopsida) in India: New insight on its morphology, taxonomy and conservation status**

2025-02-15T01:48:09+13:00

A population of Isoetes divyadarshanii, a species previously known only from its type location in Maharashtra State, India and considered extinct since at least 2013, was discovered on the Sada Plateau in the Belagavi District of Karnataka state, India in October 2023. This represents a significant disjunction (over 465 km) from its type location into a different phytogeographic division of the Indian subcontinent. The new information provided by this discovery permits verification of critical elements of the original description. It also allows for an updated and more precise description of the morphology, ecology and taxonomy of this poorly understood taxon. A detailed morphological comparison with closely related taxa, especially I. udupiensis, is presented. The cytology of the new population is reported (2n = 2× = 22) and the IUCN conservation status criteria designation of the species is revised from Critically Endangered (Extinct) to Endangered. Finally, the phytogeographic implications of this new discovery are discussed.

Liparis cordicallosa (Orchidaceae), a new species from China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses

2025-02-25T00:07:36+13:00

A new orchid species, Liparis cordicallosa, is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China, based on comprehensive morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Morphological information reveals that L. cordicallosa is most similar to L. distans, but can be distinguished by its ovoid pseudobulbs enclosed by two clasping basal foliaceous sheaths, and a thick waxy and oblong lip recurved at the base and deflexed above middle, with a U-shape grooved and heart-shaped callus at its base, and an acuminate rostellum. The phylogenetic analysis using nrITS and plastid matK DNA sequences further supports the distinctiveness of L. cordicallosa as a distinct species, forming an independent lineage sister to L. distans and its allies (99% bootstrap support, 1.00 posterior probability).

**A new species of Bovista (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Khorchin sandland, China**

2025-02-09T19:59:28+13:00

Bovista khorchinensis sp. nov., a new species of the genus Bovista Pers., this species is found in Khorchin sandland, Inner Mongolia. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were performed using a combined nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS) and nuc 28S rDNA (nrLSU) dataset for the construction of phylogenetic tree. The species is characterized by basidiomata globose to subglobose, 12–22 mm in diameter. Exoperidium detaches at maturity and forms a persistent sandy cushion at the base. Endoperidium papery-leathery, ranges from black-red to signal brown, with a matte finish and a neatly edged apical pore at the top. Capillitium of Bovista-type with main stems up to 17 μm, pore is densely covered. Basidiospores globose to subglobose, Q_m=1.07 (±0.04), finely verrucose, with a well-preserved pedicel 11–15 μm long. Morphological descriptions, line illustrations, and the ecological habits of the new species are provided in this study.

Piper hongheense (Piperaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China

2024-11-15T04:13:34+13:00

Piper hongheense (Piperaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province of China, is here described and illustrated. Morphologically it is similar to Piper boehmeriifolium and Piper boehmeriifolium var. glabricaule, from which it can be easily distinguished by the combination of characters: height 0.7–1 m, leaves oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 10–16 cm × 2.5–4 cm, infructescences ±0.6 cm in diam., berries and bracts white when mature. The description of the new species includes photographs, a detailed description, notes on etymology, distribution and habitat, as well as a comparison with morphologically similar species.

Morphological and molecular characterization reveals a new species, Terriera longiparaphysium

2024-12-25T18:29:44+13:00

During an ongoing investigation of species in the family Rhytismataceae in Mt Huangshan, Anhui Province, China, we discovered a morphologically distinct species of Terriera on fallen leaves of Loropetalum chinense (Hamamelidaceae). Multigene phylogenetic analyses (ITS, nrLSU, mtSSU) combined with morphological characteristics of the ascomata, asci and paraphyses, confirmed the distinctiveness of this species. It is described here as a new species, Terriera longiparaphysium.