Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 665 No. 2: 19 Sept. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-09-19
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.665.2.3
Page range: 109-128
Abstract views: 52
PDF downloaded: 5

Floristic analysis of Carex (Cyperaceae), the largest cosmopolitan genus in Yunnan, China

Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming, 650201, China. Gaoligong Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, China.
College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming, 650201, China. Gaoligong Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, China.
Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438021, China.
Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
East Asia endemic species flora Sino-Himalaya species level Monocots

Abstract

Through specimen examination and field investigation, we present an extensive Carex checklist for Yunnan, China. Yunnan harbors 195 Carex species, encompassing 22 new records and recently published taxa. Prof. Wu Zhengyi’s classification of Chinese seed plants into 15 area-types, widely accepted by phytogeographers for decades, serves as our framework. Type 1 families and genera, deemed cosmopolitan, are often excluded in floristic statistics due to their perceived lack of floristic indication. We analyzed the floristic characteristics of Yunnan’s Carex, particularly representative Type 1 genera, reveals a predominantly temperate nature rather than tropical. The substantial presence of species affiliated with the Sino-Himalaya area-subtype indicates a strong association with the Sino-Himalayan Forest Subkingdom. As a globally distributed genus, Carex holds significant floristic indication at the species level. This study shows the significant value of this cosmopolitan genus in floristic research. For accurate elucidation of floristic characteristics, it is imperative to conduct species-level analyses of Cosmopolitan Area-Type genera when studying the flora of a specific floristic region.

References

  1. Chen, W.L. & Zhang, S.R. (2018) Seed Plants. In: Catalogue of Life China. Vol. 1. Beijing, Science Press, pp. 49–91.
  2. Global Carex Group (2015) Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 179 (1): 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12298
  3. Global Carex Group (2019) A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of Carex (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 57 (6): 695–718. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12549
  4. Jiménez-Mejías, P., Hahn, M., Lueders, K., Starr, J.R., Brown, B.H., Chouinard, B.N., Chung, K.S., Escudero, M., Ford, B.A., Ford, K.A., Gebauer, S., Gehrke, B., Hoffmann, M.H., Jin, X.F., Jung, J., Kim, S., Luceño, M., Maguilla, E., Martín-Bravo, S., Míguez, M., Molina, A., Naczi, R.F.C., Pender, J.E., Reznicek, A.A., Villaverde, T., Waterway, M.J., Wilson, K.L., Yang, J.C., Zhang, S., Hipp, A.L. & Roalson, E.H. (2016) Megaphylogenetic Specimen-level Approaches to the Carex (Cyperaceae) Phylogeny Using ITS, ETS, and matK Sequences: Implications for Classification. Systematic Botany 41 (3): 500–518. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364416x692497
  5. Jiménez-Mejías, P. & Roalson, E.H. (2017) Two new Asian species of Carex (Cyperaceae). Phytotaxa 298 (3): 283–288. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.8
  6. Jin, X.F., Cen, J.M., Hahn, M., Lu, Y.F. & He, J.J. (2015) Notes on Carex (Cyperaceae) from China (II): a taxonomic revision of sect. Radicales (Kük.) Nelmes. Phytotaxa 217 (2): 117–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.2.2
  7. Jin, X.F. & Zhang, S.R. (2020) Cyperaceae Ⅱ. In: Flora of Pan-Himalaya. Vol. 12. H. Deyuan. Beijing, Science Press.
  8. Jin, X.F. & Zheng, C.Z. (2013) Taxonomy of Carex sect. Rhomboidales (Cyperaceae). Science Press, Beijing.
  9. Léveillé-Bourret, É., Starr, J.R. & Ford, B.A. (2018) Why are there so many sedges? Sumatroscirpeae, a missing piece in the evolutionary puzzle of the giant genus Carex (Cyperaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 119: 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.10.025
  10. Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Stockholm.
  11. Li, X.W. (1985) Floristic Study of Yunnan Province. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 7 (4): 361–371.
  12. Li, X.W. (1995a) A Floristic Study on the Seed Plants from the Region of Yunan Plateau. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 17 (1): 1–14.
  13. Li, X.W. (1995b) A Floristic Study on the Seed Plants from Tropical Yunnan. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 17 (2): 115–128.
  14. Li, X.W. & Li, J. (1993) A Preliminary Floristic study on the Seed Plants from the Region of Hengduan Mountain. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 15 (3): 217–217.
  15. Li, Y.Y., Chen, Y.P., Jiang, L.Q., Liu, E.D., Luo, Y. & Peng, H. (2022) Carex malipoensis (Cyperaceae), a new species from southeast Yunnan, China. PhytoKeys 188: 19–29. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.188.75401
  16. Liu, Z.W. & Peng, H. (2016) Notes on the key role of stenochoric endemic plants in the floristic regionalization of Yunnan. Plant Diversity 38 (6): 289–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2016.11.011
  17. Ma, W.L., Yang, X.L., Yu, D.N. & Mao, X.Y. (1988) The floristic Study of Carex L. subgen.Vignea Nees from Inner Mongolia. Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University 1988 (04): 45–50.
  18. Peng, H. (1998) The Seed Plants From MT. Wuliang in the South-Central Yunnan, China. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming.
  19. Starr, J.R., Janzen, F.H. & Ford, B.A. (2015) Three new, early diverging Carex (Cariceae, Cyperaceae) lineages from East and Southeast Asia with important evolutionary and biogeographic implications. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 88: 105–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.04.001
  20. Starr, J.R., Naczi, R.F.C. & Chouinard, B.N. (2009) Plant DNA barcodes and species resolution in sedges (Carex, Cyperaceae). Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 151–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02640.x
  21. Uzma, Jiménez-Mejías, P., Amir, R., Hayat, M.Q. & Hipp, A.L. (2019) Timing and ecological priority shaped the diversification of sedges in the Himalayas. PeerJ 7: e6792. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6792
  22. Villaverde, T., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Luceño, M., Waterway, M.J., Kim, S., Lee, B., Rincón-Barrado, M., Hahn, M., Maguilla, E., Roalson, E.H. & Hipp, A.L. (2020a) A new classification of Carex (Cyperaceae) subgenera supported by a HybSeq backbone phylogenetic tree. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (2): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa042
  23. Villaverde, T., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Luceño, M., Waterway, M.J., Kim, S., Lee, B., Rincón-Barrado, M., Hahn, M., Maguilla, E., Roalson, E.H. & Hipp, A.L. (2020b) A new classification of Carex (Cyperaceae) subgenera supported by a HybSeq backbone phylogenetic tree. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (2): 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa042
  24. Wu, J.G. & Zhou, Q.F. (2012) Geographical distribution pattern and climate characteristics of adaptation for Kobresia in China. J PLANT ECOL 36 (3): 199–221. https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.J.1258.2012.00199
  25. Wu, Z.Y. (1965) Tropical Relatives of the Flora of China. Chinese Science Bulletin 1965 (1): 25–33.
  26. Wu, Z.Y. (1979) A discussion on the regionalization of Chinese flora. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 1 (1): 1–20.
  27. Wu, Z.Y. (1991) The Area-Types of Chinese genera of Seed Plants. Acta Botanica Yunnanica Supplement IV: 1–139.
  28. Wu, Z.Y. (1999) Floristic divisions of Chinese flora. Science Press, Beijing.
  29. Wu, Z.Y. (2003) Revision of the Area-Types of the World Families of Seed Plants. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (05): 535–538.
  30. Wu, Z.Y., Zhou, Z.K., Li, D.Z., Peng, H. & Sun, H. (2003) The Area-Types of the World Families of Seed Plants. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 25 (3): 245–257.
  31. Wu, Z.Y. & Zhu, Y.C. (1987) Vegetation of Yunnan. Science Press, Kunming.
  32. Zhang, S.R., Liang, S.Y. & Dai, L.K. (1995) A Study on Geographic distribution of the Genus Kobresia Willd. Acta Phytotaxon Sinica 33 (2): 144–160.
  33. Yang, Y.C. (1984) The chracteristcis and geographical subdivision of genus Carex L. in Gansu and its relationship with Carex of Qinghai Plateau. Acta Biological Plateau Sinica 3: 95–106.
  34. Zhao, Y.J., Sun, L., Yang, W.W., Zou, Y & Jin, X.F. (2012) Information supplement for the plants of Carex L. (Cyperaceae) from China II. Journal of Hangzhou Normal University (Natural Sciencce Edition) 11 (2): 137–141.
  35. Zhu, H. (2018) Origin and evolution of the flora of Yunnan. Plant Science Journal 36 (1): 32–37. https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2018.10032
  36. Zuo, J.F. (1993) A Numerical Study on the Floristic Geography of subgenus Hymenanthes of Guizhou. Guizhou Science 11 (1): 82–89.